diode laser spectroscopy
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2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 20200040
Author(s):  
Victoria C. Clarke ◽  
Florence R. Danila ◽  
Susanne von Caemmerer

The partial pressure of CO 2 at the sites of carboxylation within chloroplasts depends on the conductance to CO 2 diffusion from intercellular airspace to the sites of carboxylation, termed mesophyll conductance ( g m ). We investigated how g m varies with leaf age and through a tobacco ( Nicotiana tabacum ) canopy by combining gas exchange and carbon isotope measurements using tunable diode laser spectroscopy. We combined these measurements with the anatomical characterization of leaves. CO 2 assimilation rate, A , and g m decreased as leaves aged and moved lower in the canopy and were linearly correlated. This was accompanied by large anatomical changes including an increase in leaf thickness. Chloroplast surface area exposed to the intercellular airspace per unit leaf area ( S c ) also decreased lower in the canopy. Older leaves had thicker mesophyll cell walls and g m was inversely proportional to cell wall thickness. We conclude that reduced g m of older leaves lower in the canopy was associated with a reduction in S c and a thickening of mesophyll cell walls.


2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-368
Author(s):  
A. I. Nadezhdinskii ◽  
Ya. Ya. Ponurovskii ◽  
D. B. Stavrovskii ◽  
Yu. P. Shapovalov

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-207
Author(s):  
A. I. Nadezhdinskii ◽  
Ya. Ya. Ponurovskii ◽  
D. B. Stavrovskii ◽  
Yu. P. Shapovalov

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-110
Author(s):  
Ulrich Guth ◽  
Pavel Shuk ◽  
Chad McGuire

Irrespective of the change in kind of energy to renewables there are many processes in which combustion of conventional fuels and biofuel are necessary. For cement and glass production, paper fabrication and air traffic it is absolutely essential to control the combustion processes by intelligent sensors in order to maximize the efficiency and to minimize the emission of harmful substances such as NOx and CO. Mainly oxygen sensors based on solid electrolytes and calorimetric sensors using the heat formation by catalytic combustion of CO and hydrocarbons with two resistance temperature detectors (RTD) are utilized. Recently, tunable diode laser spectroscopy (TDLS) became attractive in chemical plants. Several analytical companies are offering in-situ or extractive laser analyzers for combustion gases.


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