Subjective sleep quality, quantitative sleep features, and their associations dependent on demographic characteristics, habitual sleep–wake patterns, and distinction of weekdays/weekends

Generally applicable qualifications of sleep and principles for achieving better sleep are difficult to design, because sleep quality can depend on individual demographic characteristics and lifestyles. In this study, the static and dynamic features of sleep–wake patterns were analyzed in association with quantitative sleep-related parameters and self-rated sleep quality to serve as a practical selection of sleep–wake patterns fitted to individual conditions. Data obtained over a 2-week period by actigraphy from university students and information technology workers were measured to obtain a daily subjective rating of sleep quality using the Oguri–Shirakawa–Azumi (OSA) sleep inventory. Qualitative sleep quality in terms of OSA score and quantitative sleep-related and chronobiological features were analyzed with regard to their dependency on the demographic characteristics, habitual sleep–wake patterns (HSWP), and distinction of weekdays/weekends. Multi-factor ANOVA was used to further investigate their dependencies regarding multiple ways of interactions between the demographic characteristics, HSWP, and distinction of weekdays/weekends. Subjective sleep quality and quantitative sleep-related parameters depended on the demographic characteristics, and so did their associations. The classification of day-to-day variations in HSWP showed four clusters that were effective factors for understanding their dependencies. Multi-factor analysis revealed demographic characteristics, HSWP, distinction of weekdays/weekends, and their multi-way interactions up to 3rd order as significant effectors of qualitative and quantitative quality of sleep. This study clarified how quantitative sleep-related parameters, subjective sleep quality, and their associations depended on demographic characteristics. Furthermore, their dependency was understood as a combination of multi-way interactions between the demographic characteristics, HSWP, and the distinction of weekdays/weekends. Our findings could provide a basis for the design of individually matched sleep–wake patterns.

SPECIFICS OF TRANSLATION FROM THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE INTO RUSSIAN THE IT-SPHERE TERMINOLOGY

Постановка задачи. Основная задача настоящего исследования состоит в том, чтобы показать, как в современном мире профессионалов IT-сферы решаются проблемы передачи терминов на русском языке. В статье подчеркивается, что IT-сфера представляет собой особую коммуникативную среду, где реализуются различные переводческие стратегии. Анализ используемых стратегий, их успешность или, наоборот, возможное некорректное применение явилось сферой интересов при изучении данного вопроса. Результаты. Анализ научно-технических переводов с английского языка на русский, выполненных студентами, магистрантами и аспирантами направлений факультета информационных технологий и компьютерной безопасности (ФИТКБ), а также слушателями программы дополнительного профессионального образования «Переводчик в сфере профессиональной коммуникации» позволил выделить ряд сложностей, с которыми они сталкиваются. В результате сопоставления оригинальных текстов и текстов перевода предлагаются способы передачи аббревиатур, многокомпонентных терминологических сочетаний (МТС) и английских IT-терминов на русский язык. Для практики профессионального научно-технического перевода предлагаются задания, направленные на отработку переводческих навыков. Выводы. Формирование переводческих навыков в IT-сфере связано с рядом сложностей, среди которых на первый план выступает отставание словарей и справочных пособий от современных реалий жизни, когда терминологический язык буквально наводняет профессиональную жизнь работников сферы информационных технологий. Преодоление трудностей перевода может быть достигнуто за счет регулярной практики выполнения заданий. Немаловажную роль в достижении успеха играют когнитивные способности выполняющего перевод будущего специалиста. Statement of the problem. The main objective of this research is to show how the problems of transmitting terms in Russian are solved in the modern world of IT professionals. The article emphasizes that the IT-sphere is a special communication environment where various translation strategies are implemented. Analysis of the strategies used, their success or, conversely, possible incorrect application was the area of interest in the study of this issue. Results. The analysis of scientific and technical translations from English into Russian made by students, master students and postgraduates of the faculty of information technology and computer security (FITCS), as well as students of the program of additional professional education "Translator in the field of professional communication" allowed us to identify a number of difficulties that they face. As a result of comparing the original texts and translatnes, we suggest ways to transfer abbreviations, multi-component terminology combinations (MTC) and English IT terms into Russian language. For the practice of professional scientific and technical translation, tasks aimed at developing translation skills are offered. Conclusion. The formation of translation skills in the IT-sphere is associated with a number of difficulties, among which the lag of dictionaries and reference manuals from the modern realities of life comes to the fore, when the terminological language literally floods the professional life of information technology workers. Overcoming translation difficulties can be achieved through regular practice of completing tasks. An important role in achieving success is played by the cognitive abilities of the future specialist performing the translation.

Non-invasive Measurement of Thoracic Kyphosis and Lumber lordosis among Agricultural workers and Corporate Professionals( IT) using Flexicurve Ruler

Background: This study was undertaken to introduce a non- invasive technique for clinical diagnosis of spinal cord deformities. The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the postural deformities and onset of thoracic Kyphosis and lumber Lordosis among agricultural workers and Information Technology workers. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was carried out on thirty Agricultural workers (41-45 years) and twenty-five Information Technology workers (21-25 years) and their age matched control groups. The subjects were taken from their respective population by simple random sampling method. Measurements were made by Flexicurve Ruler in special standing posture. Kyphosis and Lordosis angles and Indices were calculated. Results: It indicates that maximum percentage of subjects had kyphotic angle between 400 -600. Twenty-three out of 30 agricultural workers (76.66%) and 22 out of 25(88%) information technology workers had kyphosis angle between 400- 600 but the same in case of control groups were 60% and 64% respectively. Maximum subjects had lordotic angle between 300 - 500. Thirteen out of 30 agricultural workers (43.33%) and 17 out of 25 information technology workers (68%) had lordotic angle in between 300 -500.The same in case of control groups were 43.33% and 56% respectively. Kyphosis index, Kyphosis angle and lordosis index, lordosis angle are significantly lower (p<0.05) in agriculture workers in comparison to its control group but the differences are not significant in case of information technology workers as well as between agriculture group and information technology group. But information technology workers show higher values of Kyphosis and lordotic index than agriculture workers, probably due to prolong sitting posture at work. Again 47% agricultural workers and 11% IT workers reported lumbar pain when compared to control groups (10% and none respectively). Conclusion: Although no significant deviation of kyphotic and lordotic angle has been observed in agricultural and information technology workers but significantly higher percentage of these 2 groups reported shoulder and lumbar pain indicating risk of dysfunction in shoulder, pelvic girdle and spine. Thus measurement of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis may be useful in examining the degree of spinal cord deformities. By utilizing these information therapeutic and ergonomic intervention can be applied and application of modern sophisticated machine for improvement in postural condition can reduce their work stress and disabilities.

The Moderating Role of Psychological Flexibility in the Relationship Between Organizational Commitment, Workaholism, Job Security, and Corporate Entrepreneurship Among Information Technology Workers in Accra, Ghana

The present study was conducted to investigate the moderating role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between organizational commitment, workaholism, job security, and corporate entrepreneurship among information technology workers in Accra, Ghana. A total of 248 information technology workers purposively selected completed the Organizational Commitment Scale, the Dutch Work Addiction Scale, Job Insecurity Scale, the Work-Related Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, and the Entrepreneurial Behavior Scale. The results showed that job security, workaholism, and organizational commitment significantly predicted corporate entrepreneurship. Psychological flexibility moderated the relationship between organizational commitment, workaholism, and corporate entrepreneurship but not the relationship between job security and corporate entrepreneurship. The findings underscore the need for the development of interventions that would increase psychological flexibility in organizational settings.