Cost Effective Strategy to Disseminate IPM Technology: A Case of Banke and Surkhet District of Nepal

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is a holistic approach in reducing damage caused by pests without harming the environment. A study on cost effectiveness strategy to disseminate IPM technology was conducted in the Banke and Surkhet districts of Nepal. For assessing the spread of information, farmers were asked a series of questions during the survey to determine knowledge of IPM and degree of IPM adoption. Using descriptive statistics and differences in means, analysis was done on relationships among access to information, IPM knowledge and adoption, and word-of-mouth diffusion of IPM techniques to neighboring farmers. For the evaluation of dissemination methods efficiency and to examine the cost for using the different dissemination methods of IPM technology followed by IPM IL project in Banke and Surkhet district, the cost measurements was focused only on the dissemination methods of IPM technology with a public cost such as mass media, agricultural officers, MPC, collection centre, FFS, CBFs, cooperatives, neighboring farmers, agro-vets and field days. When the number of farmers needing to receive training for one farmer to adopt IPM practices is known, and then that value can be multiplied by the cost per farmer trained which allows in providing the cost per farmer adopting the technology by transfer method. Capacity building in IPM technology development and dissemination in the study area was I/NGOs working in that area. Market Planning Committee of Banke and Surkhet district has played a vital role in disseminating IPM technology in cost effective and efficiently. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 8, Issue-1: 272-276

Software for Calculating Economic Standards Adjusted in Terms of the Market Value of Equipment

The complexity of software for improving and monitoring processes related to the repair and maintenance of equipment at industrial enterprises is an automated system for the maintenance and repair of equipment, which plays an important role in the market planning of equipment maintenance and repair. Due to the fact that there was a need to write software for calculating economic standards in the market planning of equipment maintenance and repair, a program was written. The introduction of the software in the market planning of equipment maintenance and repair is economically justified in terms of reducing the cost of repairs, reducing losses from equipment downtime. The software product will allow you to calculate a scientifically grounded indicator of the costs of capital repairs of fixed assets (lifting equipment) for the 1 category of repair complexity; scientifically grounded indicator of working capital for overhaul for the 1 category of repair complexity; scientifically grounded indicator of material costs for the 1 category of repair complexity during overhaul of press-forging equipment, forging-steam-air hammers; scientifically grounded indicator of material costs for the 1 category of repair complexity during overhaul of lifting equipment; scientifically grounded indicator of material costs for the 1 category of repair complexity during overhaul for foundry equipment; scientifically grounded indicator of material costs for the 1 category of repair complexity when carrying out overhaul of machine tools; the cost of repair work of technological equipment for the 1 category of repair complexity; calculate the market value of the equipment, which is adjusted by the coefficients of physical, functional, external, and moral wear. In the paper, the proposed software for calculating economic standards in market planning of the maintenance and repair of equipment is written in C# Sharp using the framework .NET Core 3.1. The program implements two classes - Program (main class) and Formula (formula class). The formula class encapsulates all the properties and methods of the formula necessary to work with it, including input, storage of all entered values. The main class consistently creates objects of the formula class and executes the methods necessary for the calculation. The paper contains links to the source code and the program. The software allows you to multiply the efficiency of the project management for the equipment maintenance and repair .

Linking creative tourism products to markets: target marketing, promotion, commercialization, and market readiness.

This chapter presents a tourism industry perspective about key aspects of market thinking and provides tips and strategies for building a strategic marketing plan for a creative tourism initiative. The visitor profile is examined, not so much as demographic or psychographic (i.e. not what they are, which is explored earlier in this book), but to provide a collection of tools to pinpoint where they are. Market segmentation, the product/market match, and product evolution and lifecycle are then explored. Building on this, four strategies to build business opportunities through partnerships and networks are outlined. Next, key elements of the structure and requirements of the major marketing elements of the tourism industry are discussed, including the issue of market readiness and pricing structures. Bringing these elements together, the chapter closes with guidance about market planning.