IMPACT OF INTERNAL SHADING CONTROLS ON EFFICIENT DAYLIGHTING IN HOME-OFFICE WORKSPACES IN TROPICAL CLIMATES

Home office workspaces have significantly grown in residential sectors throughout the world. Nowadays, many people worldwide are forced to work from their housing units due to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the existing residential buildings were only designed for living activities, not for desk-related tasks. This is more critical in tropical regions with the overabundance of indoor daylight and lack of external shadings on existing buildings. Despite the limitations for modifying the external facades, interior retrofit plays a major role in improving visual environments. Daylighting performances of various configurations, including internal shading devices, interior surfaces, and window films, were experimented with the Radiance-IES program. A field measurement of daylight was conducted in a home office room under the Malaysian tropical sky to validate the simulated results. This research proved that the existing residential buildings in the tropical climates had poor daylighting performance where the mean indoor illuminance could be over 10,000 lx. The combination of a light shelf, a partial blind, and the tinted window film could effectively 85% alleviate the excessive indoor daylight level. This configuration recorded a significant improvement in Useful Daylight Zone (around 300%), and Daylight Glare Probability was considerably reduced from 0.46 to 0.34.

Ultraviolet-reflective film applied to windows reduces the likelihood of collisions for two species of songbird

Perhaps a billion birds die annually from colliding with residential and commercial windows. Therefore, there is a societal need to develop technologies that reduce window collisions by birds. Many current window films that are applied to the external surface of windows have human-visible patterns that are not esthetically preferable. BirdShades have developed a short wavelength (ultraviolet) reflective film that appears as a slight tint to the human eye but should be highly visible to many bird species that see in this spectral range. We performed flight tunnel tests of whether the BirdShades external window film reduced the likelihood that two species of song bird (zebra finch, Taeniopygia guttata and brown-headed cowbird, Molothrus ater) collide with windows during daylight. We paid particular attention to simulate the lighting conditions that birds will experience while flying during the day. Our results indicate a 75–90% reduction in the likelihood of collision with BirdShades-treated compared with control windows, in forced choice trials. In more ecologically relevant comparison between trials where all windows were either treated or control windows, the estimated reduction in probability of collision was 30–50%. Further, both bird species slow their flight by approximately 25% when approaching windows treated with the BirdShades film, thereby reducing the force of collisions if they were to happen. Therefore, we conclude that the BirdShades external window film will be effective in reducing the risk of and damage caused to populations and property by birds’ collision with windows. As this ultraviolet-reflective film has no human-visible patterning to it, the product might be an esthetically more acceptable low cost solution to reducing bird-window collisions. Further, we call for testing of other mitigation technologies in lighting and ecological conditions that are more similar to what birds experience in real human-built environments and make suggestions for testing standards to assess collision-reducing technologies.

SISTEM PENDUKUNG KEPUTUSAN PEMILIHAN TINTER KACA FILM TERBAIK MENGGUNAKAN METODE ARAS (STUDI KASUS: PT. DEGREE THE AMBASSADOR)

Tinter is the person in charge of installing window film on building windows or car windows. A tinter must have some specific criteria set by the company. To increase motivation and quality of a tinter's work, the company routinely holds the selection of the best tinter each year. However, the selection of the best tinter made at this time is still not completely in accordance with the specified criteria and in the end the selection is based on the assessment of the company's leadership. It is feared that it will cause divisions between tinter who feel that the selection is unfair or not objective and does not conform to procedures. For this reason, a decision support system is needed for the selection of the best tinter. Decision support system used is to use the Additive Ratio Assessment (ARAS) method because this method is a multi criteria decision making method based on the ranking concept.Keywords : Tinter, System, Decision, SPK, Additive Ratio Assessment, ARAS