Microbiological landscape of the periodontal pocket in inflammatory diseases in the periodontal tissues

Relevance. The study of the microbiological composition of periodontal pockets in inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues is of great importance directly for the effective treatment and understanding of the pathogenetic stages of these diseases. Objective: to study the microbiological landscape of periodontal pockets with inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues. Materials and Methods. 62 patients aged 20 to 45 years were selected and divided into groups depending on the form of periodontitis: with localized aggressive periodontitis - group №1, group №2 - with chronic generalized periodontitis, group № 3 - with exacerbation of chronic generalized periodontitis. The material for the study was taken from the periodontal pockets and examined by cultural and microbiological methods. Results and Discussion. It was found that the proportion and number of microbial associations in the periodontal pockets of different depths differs. In localized aggressive periodontitis, mainly facultative Gr+ (A. actinomycetemcomitans) and Gr- (St. aureus, Str. mitis) anaerobes were found in the periodontal pockets no more than 4 mm. In generalized chronic periodontitis of moderate degree, the same microorganisms were present in the periodontal pockets as in the localized form, but Str. mitis was more common among facultative aerobes. With the exacerbation of generalized chronic periodontitis from facultative anaerobes, St. aureus was more common and the proportion and number of A. actinomycetemcomitans significantly increased. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the microorganisms that inhabit the periodontal pockets in inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues mainly belong to facultative Gr+ and Gr - anaerobes, obligate Gr+ and Gr-anaerobes and yeast fungi.

Localised Aggressive Periodontitis – A Review

The term “periodontal diseases” includes any inherited or acquired disorders of the tissues that are supporting the teeth i. e Gingiva, Cementum, PDL, and Alveolar bone. The periodontal disease can be either localized or generalized. Localized aggressive periodontitis (LAgP) patients have interproximal attachment loss on at least two permanent first molars and incisors, with attachment loss on no more than two teeth other than first molars and incisors. In children and adolescents LAgP occurs without clinical evidence of systemic disease and it is characterized by the severe loss of alveolar bone around permanent teeth [10]. Most commonly the disease is localized to the permanent first molars and incisors. Aim: The aim of this review article is explain in details about aggressive periodontitis including different management aspect of the same. Methods: This paper presents a review of the aggressive periodontitis in children. An electronic search was conducted using Pub Med®/MEDLINE, and Google search using the terms: Periodontium, Localized Aggressive Periodontitis, Children and periodontal health, periodontal health in adolescents, gingival disease in children, periodontal disease in children, gingivitis, periodontitis, gingival disease and its prevalence, periodontal disease and its prevalence.

PORPHYROMONAS GINGIVALIS: BIOFILM FORMATION, ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY OF ISOLATES FROM CASES OF LOCALIZED AGGRESSIVE PERIODONTITIS (LAP)

Background: No information is available on the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern and guidelines for oral antibiotic therapy for Yemeni patients for those with localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP) due to Porphyromonas gingivalis, a condition that often requires complementary antibiotic treatment. Aim: The primary aim of the current study was to examine the antibiotic patterns and the potential relationship between P. gingivalis biofilm formation and the incidence of antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates on a group of antibiotics commonly used in oral/systemic therapy. Subjects and Methods: The study included 30 clinically diagnosed patients, and 30 strains of P. gingivalis were isolated from them. Microbial sampling, isolation, and identification of bacteria were performed using culture methods appropriate to anaerobic species. Biofilm production was evaluated by the phenotypic method, that is, tissue culture methods (TCPM). Also; each isolate was tested against 12 antibiotics using the disc diffusion method. Results: After isolated P. gingivalis were subjected to biofilm detection by TCP method, 7 (23.3%) showed high, 6 (20%) moderate, while 17 (56.7%) showed non/weak biofilm-forming ability. P. gingivalis biofilms showed a higher resistance rate than forming non/weak biofilms e.g amoxicillin (92.3% vs 64.7%, p = 0.08), azithromycin (58.8% vs 11.7, p =0.003), metronidazole (76.9% vs 29.4%, p = 0.08), 0.01) and clindamycin (84.6% vs 47.1, p = 0.03). Conclusion: It was found that the drug-resistant factor in P. gingivalis isolates is associated with the formation of P. gingivalis biofilm. Even though the current results show a high sensitivity result for P. gingivalis strains, some resistance has been observed. Antibiotic resistance patterns can modify over the years, make susceptibility testing essential and to promote careful choice of preliminary antibiotic treatment, the same as an adjuvant to endodontic therapy. Peer Review History: Received: 9 July 2021; Revised: 12 August; Accepted: 6 September, Available online: 15 September 2021 Academic Editor: Dr. Ali Abdullah Al-yahawi, Al-Razi university, Department of Pharmacy, Yemen, [email protected] UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. Received file: Reviewer's Comments: Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 6.0/10 Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10 Reviewers: Dr. Rawaa Souhil Al-Kayali, Aleppo University, Syria, [email protected] Dr. Wadhah Hassan Ali Edrees, Hajja University, Yemen, [email protected] Rola Jadallah, Arab American University, Palestine, [email protected] Similar Articles: RISK FACTORS OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES AMONG YEMENI YOUNG DENTAL PATIENTS