jacques roumain
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Author(s):  
Mawuloe Koffi Kodah

La conception et création du monde sont attribuées à un créateur divin, invisible, omniprésent et omnipotent généralement dénommé Dieu, et celui-ci protège, nourrit et pourvoit les besoins de ses créatures. L‟homme, nommé contremaitre de la création par Dieu lui-même, est doué d‟une cognition supérieure qui l‟aide à se munir, se protéger et préserver son environnement. En dépit de son aptitude innée, l‟homme persévère de charger Dieu de sa survie sur la terre, épargnant ses propres compétences. Dans son roman Gouverneurs de la rosée, Jacques Roumain (1946) met en jeu la résignation de l‟homme devant les défis de la nature, de ses propres actions et inactions, et conséquemment sa dépendance excessive vis-à-vis de Dieu dans la résolution d‟un désastre environnemental. Affligé par la désertification, suite au déboisement et d‟autres activités destructrices de la production agricole, le peuple de Fonds-Rouge d‟Haïti se réfugie dans des rituels, s‟abandonnant ainsi à la grâce de Dieu et d‟autres êtres cultuels. Du point de vue de l‟existentialisme théiste, cet article met en examen la responsabilité de Dieu dans la souffrance des hommes sur terre et la capacité de l‟homme de se faire et se défaire. Cet examen critique vise la disculpation de Dieu, et aussi la mise en cause de la dénonciation athée ou anti-religion de ce texte romanesque depuis sa parution. Ceci s‟accomplit par une lecture critique et une analyse réfléchie de Gouverneurs de la rosée de Jacques Roumain. Cette étude se conduit dans la structure analytique des études littéraires et de la sociocritique.


Author(s):  
Sylvester Petrus Krakue

Consciemment ou non, les écrivains s‟inspirent les uns des autres. Tel écrivain se tourne vers telle œuvre du passé pour en faire l‟aliment de sa réflexion, tel autre y puise les matériaux de sa création. Gérard GENETTE a étudié les façons dont un texte peut entrer en relation avec d‟autres textes et dans Palimpsestes, Gérard Genette explique que si la transtextualité désigne toutes les relations qu‟un texte peut avoir avec d‟autres textes, l‟intertextualité est précisément la présence d‟un texte dans un autre sous forme généralement implicite de citation, d‟allusion ou de plagiat. A lire Gouverneurs de la rosée de JacquesRoumain, on est vite frappé par la présence d‟idées, de motifs et d‟énoncés bibliques dans le roman. Cette brève étude tâche d‟interroger le roman pour élucider l‟usage que le romancier a fait du texte biblique dans son activité créatrice. Il s‟avère finalement que Jacques Roumain a emprunté des idées bibliques non seulement pour élaborer son intrigue mais aussi pour concevoir son personnage principal.


2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (103) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pâmela Marconatto Marques ◽  
Marília Flôor Kosby
Keyword(s):  

Resumo O que acontece ao experimentarmos pensar a hipótese de existência de uma antropologia chamada canônica, ocidental, eurocentrada, não apenas como dimensão universalista do poderoso projeto colonial europeu, mas como esforço do provinciano pensamento das metrópoles para estender sua condição, aferrando-se a pressupostos modernos? Aceitando o desafio desse sutil giro epistêmico, o presente artigo tem por objetivo seguir pistas capazes de evidenciar como a Europa foi constantemente chamada por antropólogos afro-caribenhos a se desprovincializar, sem, no entanto, ter sido capaz de suportar entrar de modo intensivo em relação com a criação vertiginosa e potente em que a antropologia parecia estar se tornando fora de seu eixo irradiador. Suspeitando de tal matriz de pensamento que foi capaz de ignorar o Caribe, propomos, a partir de levantamento bibliográfico e pesquisa documental, uma composição anticolonial dos quadros teórico-etnográficos da antropologia, esboçando uma narrativa povoada por antropólogos como Antenor Firmin, Jean Price-Mars e Jacques Roumain, que protagonizaram, em diálogo direto com autores canonizados, debates caros ao desenvolvimento da disciplina.


2019 ◽  
pp. 619-620
Author(s):  
Alba Pessini
Keyword(s):  

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-310
Author(s):  
Evaristus Nkemdilim Ugwu ◽  
Vincent Nnaemeka Obidiegwu

Abstract From the Stockholm conference in Sweden in 1972 to the Chile conference that will take place from 2 to 14 December 2019, the environmental debate provoked by environmental challenges such as climate change continues to be in full swing in all these international meetings. It is obvious that it is an attempt to meet the millennial demands represented by the consequences of climate change such as drought, flood and hurricane among others that ravage not just the West Indian world but humanity in general. It is also true that for some time now, environmental affairs are no longer those of just environmentalists or geographers, writers and literary critics have also stepped up to the scene in protection of the environment. Therefore, this article aims to analyse through ecocritical theory the place of the environment in Jacques Roumain's Gouverneurs de la rosée, Maryse Condé's Moi, Tituba sorciere... noire de Salem and Gisèle Pineau's L'Exil selon Julia. To what extent these writers care for the well-being of the environment? In what way? What are the perspectives of the future advocated by these writers?


2019 ◽  
pp. 143-178
Author(s):  
Sarah Ehlers

This chapter considers Haitian communist poet Jacques Roumain and his reception in the United States. Analyzing the production, circulation, and reception of Roumain’s writings and his authorial persona, the chapter explores several connected variants of a communist internationalism that is imagined through the idea of “lyric,” or “lyricism,” and it demonstrates how such international imaginaries are tied to different conceptions of history. The chapter begins by sketching the import of Roumain as a figure for U.S. radicals. It then turns to Roumain’s friendship with Langston Hughes, showing how the exchange of poems between the two allows critics to move beyond straightforward historical accounts that show how radical African American artists and intellectuals referred to Haiti’s revolutionary past in their protests against Jim Crow policies, colonial occupations, and the rise of fascism in Europe. I argue that Roumain and Hughes harness and experiment with the unique temporality of the poetic lyric in order to present black radicalism as a formation unbounded by spatial and temporal borders. The final sections turn to the prose and poetry Roumain composed during his exile in the United States, using it to rearticulate ideas about the relationship of the poetic lyric to historical praxis.


Author(s):  
Sarah Ehlers

In this incisive study, Sarah Ehlers returns to the Depression-era United States in order to unsettle longstanding ideas about poetry and emerging approaches to poetics. By bringing to light a range of archival materials and theories about poetry that emerged on the 1930s left, Ehlers reimagines the historical formation of modern poetics. Offering new and challenging readings of prominent figures such as Langston Hughes, Muriel Rukeyser, and Jacques Roumain, and uncovering the contributions of lesser-known writers such as Genevieve Taggard and Martha Millet, Ehlers illuminates an aesthetically and geographically diverse matrix of schools and movements. Resisting the dismissal of thirties left writing as mere propaganda, the book reveals how communist-affiliated poets experimented with poetic modes—such as lyric and documentary—and genres, including songs, ballads, and nursery rhymes, in ways that challenged existing frameworks for understanding the relationships among poetic form, political commitment, and historical transformation. As Ehlers shows, Depression left movements and their international connections are crucial for understanding both the history of modern poetry and the role of poetic thought in conceptualizing historical change.


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