Research on the Connection between Game Theory and Cryptography

As may be seen, cryptography and game theory are the 2 primary parts of the phrase. game theory thinks about with optimizing a result involving 2 or a lot of well-defined parties, every with well-defined behavior. Nash equilibrium could be a notion in game theory that emphasizes the participants' mutual profit. , the unpredictability of the operational state of affairs, don't seem to be laid out in game theory. The goal of cryptography is to produce safe message transmission between genuine and approved parties. Multiparty computing could be a cryptographical technique that enables 2 or a lot of participants to calculate a perform conjointly. this can be kind of like the concept of reciprocal profit in game theory. throughout the employment of the protocol, all parties have a precise set of behavior determined, kind of like game theory. The parties, as an example, a probabilistic polynomials in nature. Cryptography doesn't specify however AN assailant could use it to breach the system just like the operation condition. In cryptography, multiparty interaction is outlined as parties communication to judge a perform on their inputs.

Collaborative storytelling with a person with aphasia

Introduction: This study explores practices employed by a person with aphasia (PWA) and his wife to organize collaborative storytelling in a multiparty interaction. We identify practices that further the PWA’s agency – his impact on action – while he is telling a story together with his wife. Method: Using conversation analysis (CA), we carried out a case study of a successful storytelling sequence involving a 39-year-old man with anomic aphasia during a conversation with friends. Analysis: The PWA contributed to the storytelling by initiating the story sequence and by producing short but significant utterances in which he provided essential information and displayed epistemic authority. The spouse aligned with the PWA’s initiated actions and supported his agency by giving him room to speak, for example, by gaze retraction. Discussion: The analysis offers insight into practices that allowed this PWA to achieve agency. Our findings show that communication partner training could benefit from implementing activities such as collaborative storytelling.

Creating collaboration for contentious projects on managed aquifer recharge: two cases from Finland

In Finland, community water supply has increasingly relied on natural groundwater and artificially recharged groundwater as the raw water source. Several managed aquifer recharge (MAR) projects have been co-created with involved parties and have proceeded well, while some cases have raised considerable resistance among the stakeholders. It seems that success or failure in MAR cooperation is related to management cultures and the ways in which various interests are taken into account, from the very beginning and throughout the process. Empirically, this paper builds on comparison between two conflictual case studies in Finland: one in the Tampere region and the other in the Turku region. The study analyses the major constraints of these projects through the lens of collaborative rationality, also drawing upon discourse analysis and negotiation theory. The material is gathered through thematic interviews of stakeholders, newspaper articles and a stakeholder workshop. The results indicate that conventional management approaches, drawing from expert-based instrumental rationality, were insufficient in both cases. The collaborative rationality framework suggests that legitimacy for the groundwater projects should be gained through joint knowledge production and inclusive multiparty interaction for creating options for collaboration. Both cases lacked the tools and know-how for authentic dialogue and collaboration. The emerging paradigm emphasizes more collaborative approaches for natural resources management and urban planning. While MAR projects operate inside these areas and are highly complex in nature, it is essential to embrace the emerging paradigm in order to promote MAR systems along with their huge potential.

Multimodal (Non-)Participation and (Dis)Engagement

While subtler forms of engagement exist, the ones that “count” most are often verbal, because teachers notice those contributions more readily and they seem to have greater potential to affect the trajectory of classroom interaction. This chapter prompts researchers and teachers to examine the full range of students’ multimodal actions to characterize their participation and engagement. Students create meaning with their bodies while also speaking, but given the constraints of multiparty interaction, students often display their engagement with the ongoing interaction primarily in an embodied way. In operationalizing the concept of “engagement” as an embodied phenomenon, this chapter shows the crucial importance of the alignment, temporality, and sequentiality of students’ multimodal actions. Finally, this chapter uncovers the moment-by-moment nature of students’ embodied responses, showing how these actions often occur in a wave, potentially obscuring the teacher’s (and analyst’s) sense of how any individual student is participating in classroom interaction.

Improving Hybrid CTC/Attention Architecture with Time-Restricted Self-Attention CTC for End-to-End Speech Recognition

As demonstrated in hybrid connectionist temporal classification (CTC)/Attention architecture, joint training with a CTC objective is very effective to solve the misalignment problem existing in the attention-based end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR) framework. However, the CTC output relies only on the current input, which leads to the hard alignment issue. To address this problem, this paper proposes the time-restricted attention CTC/Attention architecture, which integrates an attention mechanism with the CTC branch. “Time-restricted” means that the attention mechanism is conducted on a limited window of frames to the left and right. In this study, we first explore time-restricted location-aware attention CTC/Attention, establishing the proper time-restricted attention window size. Inspired by the success of self-attention in machine translation, we further introduce the time-restricted self-attention CTC/Attention that can better model the long-range dependencies among the frames. Experiments with wall street journal (WSJ), augmented multiparty interaction (AMI), and switchboard (SWBD) tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed time-restricted self-attention CTC/Attention. Finally, to explore the robustness of this method to noise and reverberation, we join a train neural beamformer frontend with the time-restricted attention CTC/Attention ASR backend in the CHIME-4 dataset. The reduction of word error rate (WER) and the increase of perceptual evaluation of speech quality (PESQ) approve the effectiveness of this framework.