THE The Impact Of Covid-19 Pandemic On Online Learning In Sports Coaching Education

The spread of Covid-19 has an impact on the education sector in Indonesia. This causes learning to change from conventional to online learning. This study aimed to determine the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on online learning for UNESA PKO students. The research subjects were 176 students who were divided into several generations. This type of research is descriptive quantitative using survey method. The results showed that online learning was not effective enough (58%). The most perceived obstacle was internet quota packages that ran out quickly (40.61%). The most common suggestions put forward by subjects were online lectures, not only assignments and facilities provided, expected by students. It can be concluded that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic that has occurred as a whole in the world, especially in Indonesia, dramatically affects the education process, especially in the sports sector, because we cannot directly practice and observe all student activities.

The influence of coaches’ professional motivation on characteristics of their activities

The necessity to identify motivational factors of the coach’s activity components and of the dominant orientation of this activity makes the study relevant. Moreover, the relevance of the research is determined by the need to create the scientific basis for consideration and correction of the leading motives in sports coaching. The objective of the study is to identify the correlation between the motives of the coach’s professional activity and characteristics of its success. Presumably, the “bifurcation” of orientations among Russian coaches is the result of the qualitative specificity of the dominant motives. The findings of the empirical study of motivational factors which determine the qualitative side of the sports coaching are presented. The study has been carried out on the sample of coaches working at sports schools in St. Petersburg who specialize in various sports (N = 42, men aged from 23 to 67 years old). The following survey methods have been employed: “Need for Professional Activity” (by G. V. Lozova); “Motives of Professional Activity and its Success” (by A. N. Nikolaiev), “Methodology for Studying the Success of Coaches” (during the preparatory and competitive periods) (by A. N. Nikolaiev). The criteria for evaluating the results of the coaches’ work are based on the author’s original concept which determines successful realization of the coaches’ main functions in sports – those providing athletes’ personal development, education, health improvement and competition. Evidently, particular groups of coaches’ motives influence only certain characteristics of their activity, particular components of its success. The motives of activity are expressed quite vividly. The research reveals motives of “activity” affecting sports results, and the personality motives influencing the development of athletes. The coaches have either a “competition complex” or an “effective pedagogy” complex. The former includes motives aimed at the activity results, material well-being and social status, and the latter means motives directed at the activity process and communication. The results of the study authorize the selection of coaches in connection with the specifics of the sports organization. Additionally, the research results encourage to use psychological tools to correct the motivation of coaches as well as the prospective coaches.

Perbedaan Pengaruh Dehidrasi 2.2 % Dan 2.8% Terhadap Prestasi Lari 400 Meter

Dehydration is a case that will happen when exercising. The allowed dehydration level for a single exercise for health is still uncertain. Based on a review of research, dehydration up to 2% can lower mood but has not decreased aerobic performance. Information on the allowed level of dehydration to maintain exercise and performance still needs to be done. The research method used was an experimental pre-test post-test method. This study compared 2.2% and 2.8% dehydration levels on 400 meters running performance. The population of this study was all Sports Coaching Education students class of 2017 and 2018. The sample grouping was administered randomly into two groups. The first group was the 2.2% dehydration group consisted of 16 students. The second group was the 2.8% dehydration group consisted of 25 students. The dehydration process was conducted passively by doing sunbathing while using a raincoat. Bodyweight was measured before dehydration up to several times to reach the desired level of dehydration. The measurement of the 400-meter run was carried out before weight measurement and after dehydration. The data were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U test. The results of the data analysis concluded that there was no difference in the 400-meter run performance at the two levels of dehydration. Dehydration between 2.2% level and 2.8% level equally lowered the 400-meter running performance. This study suggests that the athlete's hydration level when exercising should be kept below 2.2% to achieve optimal performance. During training, athletes should be provided with drinks to maintain hydration levels.

“Slippage” in the talent development environment of elite junior tennis players

“Slippage” occurs when there is a mismatch between the intended message communicated (by coach, parent, or talent development environment) and the received message by junior tennis players. The concept of slippage has received attention in educational settings, but research has yet to investigate the possible effects on junior tennis players. The purpose of this study was to examine the experiences of 8 UK, elite junior tennis players and describe what it is like to perform in the elite junior context. An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) of 8 elite junior tennis players (playing LTA Grade 2 and upwards) shows their insights into elite junior tennis. This study found that (a) participants seek meaning behind their tennis experiences and they infer messages from their environment that are not intended, (b) “slippage” is associated with unintentional pressure, and (c) “slippage” is associated with a reduction of junior tennis players’ confidence. The findings of this research contribute to an evolving, problematic epistemology of sports coaching and confirms that coaches can lose control of their intended message as players infer their own meanings from interactions within tennis. The findings present governing bodies opportunities to inform coach education literature and consider how the difference between the intended coaching message and the received coaching message can impact the emotional state of junior tennis players.