A Great Success Story: Galiani's Dialogues sur le commerce des blés in Spain (1774-1802)

The year 1775 witnessed the publication of the Spanish translation of Ferdi-nando Galiani's Dialogues sur le commerce des blés (1770). Although there is evi-dence that the book was very successful during the Spanish Enlightenment, the purpose of this work is to analyse in detail the impact of Galiani's Dialogues on late eighteenth century Spanish literature, using citation count methodology. The work concludes that Galiani's book was a decisive work in the shaping of econom-ic culture in Spain during the Spanish Enlightenment. Not only it was profusely quoted, but all its main economic theses were well received among the Spanish po-litical economists. Beyond the strategic debate on the grain trade, the book deci-sively contributed to outline central questions of the mainstream of the Spanish Enlightenment, such as those related to economic methodology and growth strate-gy. All this confirms that the Dialogues triumphed in Spain due to their powerful power of influence in the arena of economic policy.

The History of Fair Trade: Hugo Grotius, Corporations, and the Spanish Enlightenment

The early Spanish Enlightenment was shaped by debates over corporations, sovereignty, and the balance of power in Europe. Spanish officials, in this context, turned to the ideas of Hugo Grotius to establish joint-stock companies that could allow the Crown to regain control over its imperial domains and establish perpetual peace in Europe. This article recovers the writings of Félix Fernando de Sotomayor, Duke of Sotomayor (1684–1767), who drew on the works of Grotius, Samuel Pufendorf, and Charles Dutot in order to show that the history of these corporations chronicled the contestation and erosion of Spanish power and the diversion of European states from their true interests. Sovereigns, not merchants, argued Sotomayor, could guarantee fair trade and the equitable distribution of wealth. The study of Sotomayor’s views on trade, natural law, and alienation challenges traditional interpretations about the Iberian engagement with Grotius, the rise of capitalist hopes in Southern and Northern Europe, and Spain’s investment in the Enlightenment.

Perspectivas económicas de Goya

The purpose of this paper is a first approximation to the economic aspects of painting and engraving by Francisco de Goya, penetrating in its meaning, its relationship with the reality of their time and their possible correspondence with economic ideas of the Spanish Enlightenment. A selection of the most outstanding works on agriculture, industry and trade and other aspects such as the portraits of economists and monetary income of the painter is done, and the difficulties are discussed in strictly economic ideas and integrate the complex artistic process. Last, we see the difficulties in integrating the economic ideas and the complex artistic process.

The Jesuit Roots of Spanish Naval Education: Juan José Navarro’s Translation of Paul Hoste for the Academia de Guardias Marinas

From its origins in 1540 to its final expulsion in 1767, the far-flung Jesuit network of schools and scholars influenced the development of scientific and mathematical pedagogy in the Spanish Empire. The most important of these schools was the Colegio Imperial of Madrid where young noblemen and members of the Spanish court learned mathematics. Therefore, when Juan José Navarro, an early eighteenth-century Spanish naval officer and reformer, began to teach at the newly founded Academia de Guardias Marinas, he translated French Jesuit Paul Hoste’s L’Art des armées navales into a Spanish manuscript to serve as the basis of a curriculum on contemporary naval tactics. Navarro’s efforts highlight the continuity between the Jesuit science and mathematics of the seventeenth century and the emerging scientific institutions of the Spanish Enlightenment.

La tradición clásica en la obra poética de Manuel Fermín de Laviano. Apuntes para su estudio

RESUMENEn este artículo se propone un estudio de dos poemas de Manuel Fermín de Laviano como ejemplo de poemas de encomio, dentro de la tradición dieciochesca: los "Endecasílabos a los Infantes Gemelos" y el "Canto al Arco del Duque de Híjar". Se rastrea la influencia de la tradición clásica en la composición de estos textos. Para ello, se propone un modelo de análisis atendiendo a la incidencia genérica y relación cultural entre los textos clásicos y la literatura occidental moderna. A continuación, se comentan ambos poemas: editamos también el "Canto".PALABRAS CLAVEGenethliakón, géneros epidícticos, poesía de circunstancias, Carlos IV. TITLEThe Classical Tradition in Manuel Fermín de Laviano’s Poetic Texts. Some Notes for its StudysABSTRACTIn this paper, we study two poems by Manuel Fermín de Laviano, as encomium poems in the Spanish Enlightenment tradition: the "Endecasílabos a los Infantes Gemelos" and the "Canto al Arco del Duque de Híjar". We search for the influence of Classical Tradition in the writing process of these texts. For that purpose, we analyse both poems due to its generic characteristics and the cultural relationship between them and classical literature. At last, we comment them, and we edite the "Canto".KEY WORDSGenethliakon, epideictic genres, circumstances poetry, Charles IV.