1. Situating Women in the Society of the Old Regime: The Other Spanish Enlightenment

2018 ◽  
pp. 25-37
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Spanish Enlightenment

The Trickster in Egypt's January 25th Revolution

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 834-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Armbrust
Keyword(s):  
Democratic Party ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Formation ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Political Ritual ◽  
Talk Show Host ◽  
Revolutionary Situation ◽  
Zero Sum

AbstractThe term “counter-revolution” evokes a straightforward contestation of political claims in a revolutionary situation. But contestation is not a zero-sum game: this side wins; the other side loses, and power remains the same. A revolutionary situation is unpredictable. New formulations of political claims may emerge in a protracted moment of “liminal crisis”—a kind of political ritual with no master of ceremonies capable of ending it. Indeed, the meaning of the political prize itself might be open to reinterpretation. My paper examines counter-revolution through the lens of Taufiq ‘Ukasha, an Egyptian talk show host and former member of the deposed National Democratic Party. Since the Revolution ‘Ukasha has become increasingly prominent as an unacknowledged spokesman for Egypt's Military Council, which assumed executive powers in the wake of the Mubarak regime's collapse. I argue that ‘Ukasha should not be understood simply as afilul—a remnant of the old regime. He is rather a “trickster,” a creature at home in the betwixt-and-between of open-ended liminality, and as such not an instrument of a socially grounded political power. In an environment in which the usual points of social and political orientation are called into question, the significance of a trickster is that he or she can become an object of emulation, an instrument of “schismogenesis”—the creation of a new social formation. A trickster, as a creature of pure liminality, is particularly prone to generating perverted forms of social knowledge. In ‘Ukasha's case, this new social formation is an unprecedented formulation of Egyptian militarism.

Chateaubriand and Destutt de Tracy: Defining Religious and Secular Polarities in France at the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century

1991 ◽  
Vol 60 (3) ◽  
pp. 316-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph F. Byrnes
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Intellectual Life ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
First Republic ◽  
Napoleonic Era ◽  
Louis Xvi ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

Within ten years of the execution of Louis XVI two general and opposed features of the Old Regime, Catholic Christianity and Enlightenment rationality, were globally idealized by two authors—both of them former aristocrats— François-René de Chateaubriand (1768–1848) and Antoine-Louis-Claude Destutt de Tracy (1754–1836). No two participants in the complex discussion of religion and secularism that took place at the highest levels of government and Parisian intellectual life at the end of the First Republic and during the Napoleonic regime better represented on the one hand unconditional nostalgia for Catholicism, and on the other uncompromising intellectual pursuit of the secular scientific ideal. Though it has become customary to oppose the Neo-Christian intellectuals Chateaubriand, De Maistre, De Bonald, and Ballanche, to the Idéologues Destutt de Tracy, Cabanis, Maine de Biran, and others, I believe that this opposition can be clarified if the extremes represented by Chateaubriand and De Tracy are better defined. In other words, a clear definition of the personal metaphysics—thoughts and feelings—of Chateaubriand and De Tracy should establish the polarities of intellectual temperament that characterized the Napoleonic era.

Religion et société dans 1'histoire de 1'Espagne

1986 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-383
Author(s):  
Fernando Urbina ◽  
José Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Civil War ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern History ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Historic Time ◽  
Short Period ◽  
The Subject

This work is a collaboration between José Sánchez and Fer nando Urbina. José Sdnchez is the author of the first part, which analizes the relation between catholicism and society in the « short period» of modern history (Centuries XIX and XX) -conflictive period, during which Spain enters modernism, from the fall of the old regime up to the civil war and the transition to democracy-, Fernando Urbina is responsible for the second part which traces an outline on the « long period» of popular religiousness. Both have collaborated in the reasoning and resolution of the subject; presenting the general diachronic frame of historic time, in which the most synchronic and present arguments of the other articles within this piece, must be situated.

The Republics at Rome and Naples

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Near East ◽  
The Other ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
The One

This chapter focuses the peace that prevailed on the Continent from the signing of the treaty of Campo Formio in October 1797 to the attack on Rome by the King of Naples in November 1798, which proved to be the opening episode in the War of the Second Coalition, and hence of the grand climax or confrontation in 1799 between the Old Regime and the New Republican Order. It argues that the peace was no more than a semi-peace. On the one hand, neither France nor Austria could accept the terms of Campo Formio with any finality. Each looked for bastions against the other in Switzerland and Italy. On the other hand, France with its Dutch ally remained at war with Great Britain. While British diplomacy worked to bring Continental armies back into the field against France, the French first threatened to invade England and support revolution in Ireland, then redirected their fleet and army into the expedition to Egypt, from which it was hoped that Bonaparte could counteract the growth of British power in the Indian Ocean, where both French and Dutch interests were at stake. The Egyptian campaign transferred the Anglo-French conflict to the Mediterranean and the Near East.

The Athenian amnesty and the ‘scrutiny of the laws’

2002 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Carawan
Keyword(s):  
Civil Conflict ◽  
The Other ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Political Forgiveness

AbstractThe ‘scrutiny of all the laws’ that Andocides invokes in his defence On the Mysteries is usually interpreted as a recodification with the aim of barring prosecution for the crimes of civil conflict. This article advances four theses against that traditional reading: (1) In Andocides' argument the Scrutiny was designed for a more practicable purpose, not to pardon crimes unpunished but to quash any further action against former atimoi, those penalized under the old regime but restored to rights in 403. In context, coming close upon the summary of Patrocleides' decree, ‘all the laws’ means all laws affecting atimoi. (2) The other evidence from inscriptions and literary testimony, for the Athenian Amnesty and similar agreements, supports this reading: the oath that closed the covenants, mê mnêsikakein, functions as a rule of estoppel or ‘no reprise’; it was not in itself a pledge of ‘political forgiveness’. In regard to the Scrutiny, as in Patrocleides' decree, the oath means that old penalties, now cancelled, can never again be enforced. (3) The Scrutiny itself was a reauthorization of the old laws for summary arrest and other standard remedies against atimoi who trespass or violate their restrictions. As a corollary to this re-enactment, the statute of limitations was introduced, ‘to apply the laws from Eucleides’: the rules punishing the disfranchised cannot be used against those whose liabilities were incurred before 403. (4) Teisamenus' decree for new legislation was prior to this revision; it is not the decree that Andocides read to the court as a document of the Scrutiny. An ancient editor simply inserted the wrong document. Teisamenus envisioned no alteration of the ‘Solonian Code’; the decree for Scrutiny was an unforeseen but necessary correction. These measures were successive reforms sorting out the new hierarchy of rules, a process whose complexity is attested in Diocles' law.

The Brazilian Economy During the Colonial Period

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Jobson Arruda
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Colonial Society ◽  
Analytical Perspective ◽  
Colonial Economy ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Tropics

The development of the Brazilian economy during the colonial period resulted from foreign inducements exercised by Portuguese colonialists under the auspices of the Portuguese Crown. Over the course of three centuries, responsibility for Brazil’s economic destiny was gradually transferred to Luso-Brazilians, a process by which both the flow and accumulation of income became naturally internalized. This topic must necessarily be contextualized within a decades-long process of historiographical confrontation in which distinct analytical perspectives have sought to assert themselves. Some arguments are linked to the label of the old colonial system (Antigo Sistema Colonial, or ASC) and others to the old regime in the tropics (Antigo Regime nos Trópicos, or ART). While both schools recognize the primacy of slavery in determining the character of colonial society, the former emphasizes colonial identity and the exploitative status that entailed, while the latter focuses on the empire and the endogenous accumulation of wealth. Despite the friction between these hegemonic currents since the 1980s, a third analytical perspective is possible that while incorporating elements present in the two established outlooks also rejects the exceedingly long periodization and calcified three-century focus they share. This different strain of scholarship distinguishes between specific moments in colonial economic development during which external and internal accumulation fueled one or the other, serving as complementary forces responsible for the gross and per capita growth of the colonial economy, as well as granting Brazil the profile of a modern colony.

scholarly journals O riso discreto e o soneto cômico: A uns olhos tortos

Navegações ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 118
Author(s):  
Cássio Roberto Borges Da Silva ◽  
Valeria Pereira Silva De Novais
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Discursive Practices ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Gradual Shift ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

Este ensaio versa sobre a codificação dos argumentos risíveis nas práticas discursivas da Sociedade Corte. Os tratados de cortesia e as poéticas do Antigo Regime, apropriando-se da noção aristotélica de cômico, definem a matéria risível como torpeza física ou moral. De acordo com tais textos, o emprego de ditos risíveis deveria atender a um decoro áulico, codificado, basicamente, em função de duas finalidades: por um lado, a recreação dos ânimos, por outro, a ordenação agradável dos modos. Identificamos, pois, um gradativo deslocamento na normativa ética e poética, centrada, inicialmente, em questões relativas à matéria do riso e, posteriormente, nos dispositivos elocutivos que poderiam ser empregados em seu tratamento, ou seja, se, inicialmente, os preceptores definem o dito gracioso como amplificação de deformidades aparentes, posteriormente, a codificação do riso discreto concentra-se no tratamento engenhoso de torpezas propriamente ditas. O soneto cômico A uns olhos tortos, atribuído a Bacelar, exemplifica tais usos.********************************************************************The discreet laughter and the comic sonnet: The crossed eyesAbstract: His essay deals with the coding of laughable arguments in the discursive practices of the Court Society. The treaties of courtesy and the poetic of the Old Regime, appropriating the Aristotelian notion of comic, define laughable matter as a physical or moral turpitude. According to these texts, the use of laughable sayings should serve to an aulic decorum, coded, mainly because of two purposes: on the one hand as the recreation of spirits and on the other hand as pleasant sort of manners. We identify a gradual shift in the ethical and poetic norm, focusing initially on issues related to the matter of laughter and subsequently in elocutive devices that could be used in its treatment, that is, if initially the tutors define the graceful saying as an amplification of apparent deformities, later on, the codification of discreet laughter focuses on ingenious treatment of shame itself. The comic sonnet The crossed eyes, attributed to Bacelar, exemplifies such use.Keywords: laughter; decorum; engenius.

Becoming a Radical

2021 ◽  
pp. 125-148
Author(s):  
Timothy Tackett
Keyword(s):  
Catholic Church ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Louis Xvi ◽  
The One ◽  
Changing Attitudes ◽  
The Church ◽  
The Catholic Church

In this account of Colson and his neighborhood from the fall of 1791 through the early summer of 1793, the emphasis is on his slow, wavering evolution toward an increasingly radical position. Of particular importance as signs of Colson’s evolution were his changing attitudes toward, on the one hand, the Catholic Church and the clergy and, on the other, King Louis XVI. Though he had always practiced orthodox Catholicism before 1789, Colson came to support the Revolutionary reorganization of the church and the clergy embodied in the Civil Constitution of the Clergy. And though under the Old Regime he had always supported the king, he gradually turned against him after Louis’s attempted flight in 1791 and, above all, after war broke out between France and Austria in April 1792. Though he readily agreed with the overthrow of the monarchy in 1792, he would have preferred the imprisonment or exile of the king rather than his execution. Nevertheless, in 1793 he came strongly to support Robespierre and his faction of the Mountain in their struggle against the Girondins.

scholarly journals ЗМІНИ В ІДЕОЛОГІЇ УКРАЇНСЬКОГО СЕЛЯНСТВА ПІД ЧАС ПЕРШОЇ РОСІЙСЬКОЇ РЕВОЛЮЦІЇ: АНАЛІЗ МЕМУАРНОЇ ЛІТЕРАТУРИ

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Д. В. Кудінов ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
The Other ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Religious Worldview ◽  
Political Agitation ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
Politically Active

The author emphasizes the importance of memoirs for the study of psychology and ideological views of the Ukrainian peasantry, which made the bulk of the population, whose support the representatives of the pro-government and opposition forces fought for. It is stated, that, on the one hand, monarchical views were preserved and, on the other hand, their synthesis with new ideas inspired by the "city" took place. Moreover, the emergence of a young generation of politically active peasants, agrarian leaders, deprived of illusions about the old regime is pointed to. It is proved that the peasants as a whole unanimously advocated the ideals of "land and freedom", while the dominant, regardless of land use forms, remained the idea of land nationalization, which coincided with the religious worldview of farmers: "the land is no one’s – it’s God's". It is underlined, that a number of memoirs authors held an opinion that in those areas where the ideological breaking point had already taken place, the peasantry willingly accepted political agitation, joining the activities of antigovernment organizations.

Stromatoporoids from the Famennian (Devonian) Wabamun Formation, Normandville oilfield, north–central Alberta, Canada

1988 ◽  
Vol 62 (03) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin W. Stearn
Keyword(s):  
Patch Reef ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The Other ◽  
North Central ◽  
Biotic Crisis

Stromatoporoids are the principal framebuilding organisms in the patch reef that is part of the reservoir of the Normandville field. The reef is 10 m thick and 1.5 km2in area and demonstrates that stromatoporoids retained their ability to build reefal edifices into Famennian time despite the biotic crisis at the close of Frasnian time. The fauna is dominated by labechiids but includes three non-labechiid species. The most abundant species isStylostroma sinense(Dong) butLabechia palliseriStearn is also common. Both these species are highly variable and are described in terms of multiple phases that occur in a single skeleton. The other species described areClathrostromacf.C. jukkenseYavorsky,Gerronostromasp. (a columnar species), andStromatoporasp. The fauna belongs in Famennian/Strunian assemblage 2 as defined by Stearn et al. (1988).

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