Apresentação à tradução do texto “História negra, história oral e genealogia”, de Alex Haley

O texto consiste em uma apresentação à tradução do texto “História negra, história oral e genealogia”, de Alex Haley.

The influence of systemic racism on quarter-life crisis in The Autobiography of Malcolm X (as told to Alex Haley)

This paper aims to analyze the influence of systemic racism on quarter-life crisis, experienced by Malcolm X, as seen in The Autobiography of Malcolm X (As Told to Alex Haley). Its emphasis is to find the relation between racial segregation in American society and its influence on quarter-life crisis, which is a psychological crisis of uncertainty, self-insecurity and identity confusion, occurs during emerging adulthood. Therefore, by applying a qualitative method, this research is under Post-Nationalist American Studies and psychosocial approach as an integrated paradigm which accommodates the inter-disciplinary aspects of �self and society�. The analysis showed that racial segregation, in the field of education and job occupation, is a form of systemic racism which influences Malcolm X�s mental wellness as an emerging adult African-American. He experiences Robinson�s phases of quarter-life crisis which are locked in, separation/time-out, exploration and rebuilding. In fact, racial segregation in this narrative works as �a function of blocked opportunities� which disallows young African-Americans to develop their own competencies and to achieve their �American Dream�. However, in the development of his quarter-life crisis, Malcolm X managed to rebuild his new long-term commitment contributing to the reconstruction of his adult identity as an African-American Muslim activist.

The Role of Malcolm X's Speeches in Solidifying his Autobiography

This paper demonstrates how a literary text can be approached through a linguistic framework to enhance one’s reading and interpretation of it. It aims at examining the power of The Autobiography of Malcolm X: As Told to Alex Haley by analyzing the narrator’s description of his early speeches. I draw upon the appraisal framework, and I focus on Malcolm’s utilization of affect, judgment, and appreciation in a number of his speeches that he reported in the book. In those speeches, Malcolm adopts resources from the appraisal framework to align his audience with his position. His performance of affective stance to construct the entire problem of race in America contributed to the success of his book for more than 50 years since its publication.

Alex Haley, As A Family Genealogist Who Traced His Roots From His Ancestors.

Alex Haley, a famous biographer, novelist and a family genealogist of an American writer. His most popular novel Roots is published in the year 1976. Roots: The Saga of An American Family, has 688 page fictional description of the genealogy of his family beginning with a kidnapped his ancestors of village Gambia. Roots covering seven generations, the story did not stop here. Alex Haley went two centuries back to find the trace of Kunta Kinte’s roots existence. Haley did claim that his actual ancestor was identified as Kunta Kinte as per the Griot, the story teller.

Victimization of Women in the Select Novels of Alex Haley

Alex Haley brings out his issues related to race and gender in his novels. He highlights the suppression of women by men, struggle for equality for women, discrimination taking place in all levels such as physical, mental and economic in his novels. Women have been made as victims at the high-handedness of men. They face physical abuse and mental torture. During the slave trade, men and women had brought from Africa to serve in the fields of America. Alex Haley throws light on the status of Black women in her novels who have been made victims of physical and mental abuse. The main purpose of slave trade is to bring human resource from other countries especially from Africa and sell them in the open markets just as cattle. When the slaves are sold, rich plantation owners buy them and the slaves become their property. If it is a man, he must do all the farm works. In the case of a girl, she will be raised till she attains her puberty and she must do all the household works. It is the duty of the slave girl to take care and raise the owner’s children. The slave girl will have to face sexual abuses from their white masters. They get pregnant because of their masters. Sometimes, slave girls will be sold to another White master for money. The Black slave girls undergo cruel treatment from their owners. They have experienced severe sexual harassments because of their gender and race. This paper focuses on how woman becomes a victim of racial violence and sexual harassment during the slavery period in Alex Haley’s novels

El plagio y publicaciones científicas

Desde los comienzos de la revista RECIA en el 2009, se ha utilizado la sección del editorial como medio para divulgar ideas y pensamientos críticos de temas relevantes para el sector agropecuario. En este editorial se pretende hacer una reflexión analítica sobre el plagio en la comunicación científica, tanto para la revista como para los autores. La sociedad globalizada y digital, con mega bases de información libre, inmersa en el informalismo, facilita el plagio, el cuales es definido por la Real Academia de la Lengua Española como “copia en lo sustancial de obras ajenas, dándolas como propias” (RAE, 2017). Un autor, puede cometer plagio de forma deliberada, o de manera inconsciente por desconocimiento. En la literatura, existen muchas definiciones y tipos de plagio, para SOTO (2012), este puede ser agrupado en tres categorías: forma, método y propósito. El delito del plagio atenta directamente contra los derechos de autor de una obra en particular, ya que toda obra debe poder ser distinguida de otras parecida, además la acción de plagio atenta el interés público ya que en esencia la obra plagiada al no ser original, de alguna manera engaña al consumidor (BALBUENA, 2003). Históricamente, el plagio es tan antiguo como la escritura, como ejemplo de eso están las acusaciones contra Aristófanes, Platón, Aristóteles, Menandro y Pitágoras en el periodo helénico; Virgilio y otros autores en el Imperio Romano. Igualmente la literatura reporta nombres como Pitágoras, Descartes, Einstein, Sartre y autores como Shakespeare, Mark Twain, George Orwell, Alex Haley, Samuel Beckett y Edgar Allan Poe, acusados de plagiar algunas de sus obras (PARK, 2003).

A Community, a Remedy against Social Fragmentation in Roots, the Saga of an American Family

Alex Haley embarks on a journey to discover his roots, based on the stories he had been told by his grandmother. His visit to Gambia and his conversations with griots yield the amazing book, Roots. The book explores various themes including religion, race, manhood, and community. Of these themes, community stands out most. Throughout the book, Alex Haley mentions the different ways in which the community remains together despite the challenges. During all the phases of enslavement, the role of the community in the lives of the Africans is evident. Therefore, this research provides evidence that community is the remedy against social fragmentation in Roots. Moreover, the research informs the reader about the meaning of community to one of the main characters, Kunta. It also touches on the ways in which African slaves managed to retain their identity in a foreign land, despite the hindrances to community unity.