Performance Evaluation of Best Route and Broadcast Strategy for NDN Producer’s Mobility

Named Data Networking is a novel concept mainly for the future Internet infrastructure that is centered on routable named data. The NDN infrastructure comprises of a new constituent known as the strategy layer. The layer give access for automatic selection of network routes by considering network pre-conditions such as delay in Interest messages forwarding via a producer. However, expressing appropriate pre-condition in selecting the best possible routes to forward Interest messages remains a challenging factor in NDN, because various parameters and conditions opposes one another when selecting best routes. Besides, it is possible for data in NDN to be retrieved from several sources. Yet, so far preceding research on forwarding strategy techniques that can calculate, from which route accurate NDN data contents content are realized does not regard a network attacker trying to transmit invalid data contents containing same name as accurate data. Therefore, this paper evaluate performance of forwarding strategy using analytical and simulation, and that can be compatible to related network applications such as voice. In analytical, we exploit the use of distribution function for consistency. These are the Probability Density Function (PDF) and Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF). In simulation, each application require its own form of forwarding policy using best route and broadcast. These were exploited to evaluate the total delay in a given interval from 10 through 50 seconds for five times. Similarly in our evaluation, a largescale ring topology was use in the simulation consisting of 30 nodes and 48 links. Link bandwidth is configured as 1Mbps. Numbers of content consumer/producer starts from 1 to 18 so as to achieve our simulations. Both consumers and producers were randomly selected in term of unique content request on the access network. ndnSIM 2.1 is used in simulating the scenarios for several time intervals. Performance results presents best route policy carries significant delay when compared with broadcast policy. Also, in our result, Delay metric is half the value obtained during analytical and simulation processes for NDN producer’s best route and broadcast using CDF, as compared to the value realized in our benchmark paper for NDN consumer.

The governance of digital switchover of terrestrial television in the European Union: The role of policy framing

Digital switchover of (DSO) of terrestrial broadcasting constitutes one of the most critical moments of policy change in Europe because it offered a unique opportunity of reconceptualising public media space for the next era of communication. The promise of a plural and public service oriented broadcast policy legitimized efforts of citizens investing in digitization, provided public acceptance and approval to the changes set to terminate analogue television. This article explores the policy framing of the switchover process in the European Union. It finds that DSO was constructed around overly technical and economic frames in the policy, a strategy, which allowed building an argument of neutrality of technology and hence of the steps policy-makers were making. This construction did not address the exclusion and side-lining of the social and political consequences of free-to-air reduction. The article argues that this practice provided a low-conflict policy process led by the European Commission between 2005 and 2015 and showcased a paradox on European spectrum policy. The article further argues that the governance of digitalization of Europe’s screens presents a case of highly complex low-salience regulatory policy, which means muted participation of citizens and limited public debate. Ultimately, this strategy undermines democratic practice and meaningful transparency in European policy-making as it eliminates deliberations on what constitutes public interest in the 21st media context. The analyses of communication DSO policy as a matter of polity situate well with European media governance scholarship.

Introduction

The introductory chapter introduces the reader to the concept of localism in both broadcast policy and critical theory. It also provides a brief historical overview of local broadcast policy in the United States, Canada and United Kingdom, and unpacks the methods and methodologies employed in the research. More specifically, it discusses the value of document analysis and interviews to critical media policy studies, explains critical discourse analysis, and introduces the concept of critical regionalism which will be further explicated in chapter 1. Additionally, the chapter introduces the reader to two terms coined in the book: “the political economy of localism” and “default localism.” The chapter concludes with an outline of the chapters to follow.