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2022 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-66
Author(s):  
Guiamarudin S Daud ◽  
Mohaymin A. Maguid

The study describes the Secured CCSPC Web-Based Student Clearance System's use and predicted effects. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Hypertext Preprocessor (PHP), Sublime editor, Bootstrap, and MySQL as the database tool were used to create the clearance system. This system includes two-factor authentication for students and designated offices. In the clearance system, a Secure Socket Layer (SSL) for data transit, as well as a software firewall and anti-SQL Injection attack, were offered and implemented. The CCSPC Portal was linked to the web-based student clearance system and Web API, with Web API acting as a bridge between SIMone and the clearance system. SIMone's role is to offer just a limited amount of information on the web-based clearing, such as designated office operations, account status from the Cashier, and student profiles from the Registrar. Students and the approved offices in charge of signing the student clearance include the Graduating Class Association (GCA) Treasurer, Laboratory Custodian, Cashier, Librarian, Academic Related Services (ARS), SPEED Director, Department Chairperson, College Dean, and the Registrar. The ISO 9126-1 International Standard Tool for Software Evaluation, on the other hand, was utilized in the CCSPC beneficiaries' surveys to test the system's effectiveness and reliability.


2020 ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Свистун А.О.

An analysis of the German development bank’s business model indicates that KfW does not compete with commercial banks that are partners for it. That is, his business is based on the fundamental principle of subsidiarity. Thus, the National Development Bank helps to eliminate the shortcomings of the market mechanism, and among the priorities is the support of small and medium-sized businesses. Despite the global nature of its activities, 84% of the bank’s operations account for the national economy, and a significant part of international projects is aimed primarily at supporting the economic interests of the national producer. With very few exceptions, such as municipal financing, KfW does not interact with the client directly, but supports intermediary banks and assumes risks by offering financing that would not be available or at least not provided in the absence of such a development bank. conditions. KfW loans complement banks’ loan offers and make possible projects that would not have been implemented without this contribution. The example of Germany makes it clear what exactly should be an acceptable national development bank for Ukraine: such an institution has clear mandates, well managed to perform its functions, to achieve maximum impact on development, not profit, but providing a sufficient profit margin for investment attractiveness, coverage possible losses and expansion of operations. Such an institution is able to ensure the independence of national economic policy. (industrial, investment, infrastructure and financial inclusion). The key challenge is the ability of the national development bank to work effectively with private financial institutions and investors, regional and multilateral


2019 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 05002
Author(s):  
Mikhail Shulyak ◽  
Oksana Pankova ◽  
Ivan Kolesnik ◽  
Kirill Sirovitskiy ◽  
Evgen Gaek

Among the whole cycle of interconnected technological operations for crop and livestock production, transport operations play a significant part: transportation of seed grain, forage, fertilizers, product transportation to storage and selling places. Transport operations account for 15-25% of the production cost. According to the analysis of recent research, the development and introduction of new methods for ensuring the quality and safety of production. For a tractor on transport works the task of increasing the functional precision at which it is solved its deviation from the roadway configuration (traffic corridor) during the movement is assessed. In this case the problem for short-term one-time and repeated, long-term discrete and continuous impact of the driver on the tractor steering control is solved. For these operating modes of a tractor during transport works, the methodology of functional stability providing of a hydro-level steering control is substantiated. Based on the reasoned analytical model of the tractor spin during transport works, an express method of diagnosing the technical state of the tractor steering has been elaborated. It is based on the comparison of the angular accelerations of the tractor and the steering wheel when the motion direction is changed or adjusted.


ters or direct labor hours). This method allowed cost prices to be determined at each successive stage of the production process. The addition of the charges incurred at one level of production to the previous charges provided the cost of the product at that par­ ticular production level. However, since the method did not pro­ vide the original breakdown of the various cost components, com­ ponents had to be recomputed on a separate schedule. The homo­ geneous sections method was adopted in the plan for cost compu­ tations because it allowed precise calculations, and afforded great possibilities of application to various situations. Another characteristic related to product costing introduced in the French Plan was the use of mirror or contra-accounts which allowed product costs to be computed without altering expense accounts. In fact, charges were debited to the appropriate cost accounts by crediting contra-accounts, which preserved the infor­ mation registered in financial accounting’s expense accounts while ensuring the identity of the information carried from financial accounts to cost accounts. Second, the rational classification (discussed in the next sec­ tion) which had developed in France in the 1920s [CNOF, 1946, p. 46] and which, by the 1940s, had been widely adopted by the majority of French enterprises for their balance sheets [CNOF, 1946, p. 23] inspired the 1942 Plan's standard balance sheet. How­ ever, the rational classification was not retained for the 1942 Plan’s chart of accounts since it was inspired by the German chart. The 1942 Plan was mainly criticized for its lack of logic and its complexity, and for being overly oriented toward the determi­ nation of financial results for external purposes, and of product costs for internal and external pricing of products. Not enough attention was paid to the role of accounting in the daily manage­ ment of operations [Brunet, 1951, pp. 252-253]. The other major criticism addressed to the Plan concerned the duality of the operations account and the profit and loss ac­ count, stemming from the possibility of classifying expenses either by nature or by function depending on whether the cost classes (5, 6 and 7) were used or not. This situation deprived national ac­ countants of valuable information needed in the preparation of national accounts [Brunet, 1951, p. 2521. As will be seen in a later section, this criticism was taken into account in the drafting of the 1947 Plan. An official adaptation of the 1942 Plan was only produced for the aeronautic industry. However, Brunet [1951, p. 254] mentions that a number of major companies also adopted the general plan,

2014 ◽  
pp. 341-341

2003 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea D. Hughes ◽  
Bruce W. A. Whittlesea

Author(s):  
H. Randy Gimblett ◽  
Catherine A. Roberts

In 1979 the National Park Service (NPS) approved a Colorado River Management Plan (CRMP) based on the Grand Canyon Wilderness Recommendation and findings from a comprehensive research program. An amendment to an Interior Appropriations Bill in 1981 prohibited the implementation of this plan and resulted in increased public use levels and continued motorized use in proposed wilderness. In the last 20 years, the demand for Whitewater experiences has increased, especially for the self-outfitted public. Today, the NPS is challenged by users and preservationists to provide accessibility while maintaining wilderness integrity. Whitewater trips along the Colorado River through the Grand Canyon National Park are an excellent example of how increasing human use is impacting a sensitive, dynamic ecosystem and threatening to degrade the quality of experience for human visitors. Although visitation of the Colorado River has remained relatively constant since the 1989 CRMP—at 20,000 to 22,000 visitors and another 3,700 guides, researchers, and park staff traveling through the Grand Canyon each year—figure 1 shows the rapid rise in visitation since 1955. Visitors travel on over 600 commercial or privately organized river trips on a variety of watercraft powered by oars, paddles, or motors for varying duration. Most of the recreational use is concentrated in the summer months, resulting in high encounter rates and congestion at riverside attraction sites. Commercially guided operations account for over 80% of the total recreational use, of which 85% is on motorized rafts. The remaining proportion of recreational river trips are undertaken by noncommercial, self-outfitted public. Nearly 60% of the self-outfitted trips occur in the summer months, with an even proportion on use in the spring and fall. Less than 1% of these trips are motorized. Major drainages and side canyons along the 277-mile river corridor in Grand Canyon National Park provide recreational activities including white water rapids, sightseeing, hiking, and swimming. Well-known attractions and destinations are regular stops for nearly every river trip that passes through the canyon. Crowding and congestion along the river at attraction sites is often extreme and has been shown to affect the character and quality of visitor experience (e.g., Shelby et a]. ).


1973 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger L. Engberg

Franco-African relations have come under increasing fire during the past few years. African dissatisfaction with various aspects of the co-operation agreements between France and her former colonies is not new, but has recently been more clearly articulated and specifically focused on the structure and regulations of the franc zone which, it is argued, tend to make African states excessively dependent on France.


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