Reflection

The concept of power in Fulani and Bamana metaphysics, derived from indigenous traditions according to the Fulani traditionalist Amadou Hampaté Bâ, stems from the archetype represented by the word. This archetype originates from the Supreme Force, which is an aspect of the Supreme Being, who creates through the power of the verb. Power, in this sense, multiple in its omnipresence and one in terms of its source, is at the same time spiritual energy and its physical manifestations in the world. To access this power, the human being has to reach a state of internal equilibrium through diverse initiations. These initiations facilitate the human being’s perception and expression of the sacred forces through speech, helping to recognize their sacred polyvalence and encourage human reflection of divine speech. The appropriate management of invisible forces leads the human being to become at once the guarantor of harmony and the interlocutor of God.

Qualitative features of a NPZ-Model.

Qualitative study of higher order non linear dynamical systems? is a rewarding experience and a great challenge. This reflective paper is an attempt to deeply analyze interaction features between nutrients, phytoplanktons and zooplanktons by building a so-called NPZ-Model. We used classical methods (of Lyapunov, Hopf, etc.) to examine existence, positivity, boundedness and stability of solutions. Our main contribution is the implementation of a meaningful space parameter that simultaneously guarantees instability of equilibria at the border and? stability of the internal equilibrium. In the case of internal equilibrium instability, we observed the emergence of limit cycle which means the existence of periodical solutions.

Qualitative features of a NPZ-Model.

Qualitative study of higher order non linear dynamical systems? is a rewarding experience and a great challenge. This reflective paper is an attempt to deeply analyze interaction features between nutrients, phytoplanktons and zooplanktons by building a so-called NPZ-Model. We used classical methods (of Lyapunov, Hopf, etc.) to examine existence, positivity, boundedness and stability of solutions. Our main contribution is the implementation of a meaningful space parameter that simultaneously guarantees instability of equilibria at the border and? stability of the internal equilibrium. In the case of internal equilibrium instability, we observed the emergence of limit cycle which means the existence of periodical solutions.

Parametric study on kink instabilities of twisted magnetic flux ropes in the solar atmosphere

Aims. Twisted magnetic flux ropes (MFRs) in the solar atmosphere have been researched extensively because of their close connection to many solar eruptive phenomena, such as flares, filaments, and coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In this work, we performed a set of 3D isothermal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) numerical simulations, which use analytical twisted MFR models and study dynamical processes parametrically inside and around current-carrying twisted loops. We aim to generalize earlier findings by applying finite plasma β conditions. Methods. Inside the MFR, approximate internal equilibrium is obtained by pressure from gas and toroidal magnetic fields to maintain balance with the poloidal magnetic field. We selected parameter values to isolate best either internal or external kink instability before studying complex evolutions with mixed characteristics. We studied kink instabilities and magnetic reconnection in MFRs with low and high twists. Results. The curvature of MFRs is responsible for a tire tube force due to its internal plasma pressure, which tends to expand the MFR. The curvature effect of toroidal field inside the MFR leads to a downward movement toward the photosphere. We obtain an approximate internal equilibrium using the opposing characteristics of these two forces. A typical external kink instability totally dominates the evolution of MFR with infinite twist turns. Because of line-tied conditions and the curvature, the central MFR region loses its external equilibrium and erupts outward. We emphasize the possible role of two different kink instabilities during the MFR evolution: internal and external kink. The external kink is due to the violation of the Kruskal-Shafranov condition, while the internal kink requires a safety factor q = 1 surface inside the MFR. We show that in mixed scenarios, where both instabilities compete, complex evolutions occur owing to reconnections around and within the MFR. The S-shaped structures in current distributions appear naturally without invoking flux emergence. Magnetic reconfigurations common to eruptive MFRs and flare loop systems are found in our simulations.

Theoretical consequences of the Mutagenic Chain Reaction for manipulating natural populations

The use of recombinant genetic technologies for population manipulation has mostly remained an abstract idea due to the lack of a suitable means to drive novel gene constructs to high frequency in populations. Recently Gantz and Bier showed that the use of CRISPR/Cas9 technology could provide an artificial drive mechanism, the so-called Mutagenic Chain Reaction (MCR), which could lead to rapid fixation of even a deleterious introduced allele. We establish the equivalence of this system to models of meiotic drive and review the results of simple models showing that, when there is a fitness cost to the MCR allele, an internal equilibrium exists that is usually unstable. Introductions must be at a frequency above this critical point for the successful invasion of the MCR allele. These modeling results have important implications for application of MCR in natural populations.

Iraq Untethered

Iraq is still in search of internal equilibrium and its proper international role after the trauma of more than thirty years of Saddam Hussein’s dictatorship and eight years of American military occupation’ .