Fine Depiction of the Single Sand Body and Connectivity Unit of a Deltaic Front Underwater Distributary Channel: Taking the Third Member of the Dongying Formation in the Cha71 Fault Block of the Chaheji Oilfield as an Example

By taking the third member of the Dongying Formation in the Cha71 fault block of the Chaheji oilfield as an example, the single sand body of the deltaic front underwater distributary channel is meticulously depicted by using the data of well logging and performance production. Portrays the vertical separation model, total lateral separation type, vertical type, lateral superposition type, 4 types of single sand body vertical superimposed and bay type, bank contact between docking, instead of four kinds of single sand body lateral contact type, and summarizes its logging facies identification. The quantitative prediction model of the single sand body was established, the characteristics of single sand body plane distribution were summarized, and the identification of the oil-water layer and the lower limit of reservoir effective thickness were studied. And we got the conclusion that based on the fine characterization of the single sand body and the lower limit standard of effective reservoir thickness, the distribution range of the effective reservoir and connecting unit is determined. Finally, the connectivity of the connecting unit is verified by dynamic data.

Application of comprehensive geophysical exploration technology in the detection of fault structure in geothermal field target area

We applied CSAMT and the resistivity method based on Wenner device to the fault structure detection in a geothermal field target area, and carried out hydrogeological drilling in the geophysical anomaly area. The temperature measurement results in the well showed that the groundwater temperature is more than 50°C, which verified the effectiveness of the comprehensive geophysical method in geothermal resource exploration. The conclusions show that the resistivity method and CSAMT are suitable for the detection of thermal storage fault structures, and the comprehensive analysis method combined with the two methods can more accurately determine the plane distribution and occurrence of concealed fault structures.

Discussion on Fine Characterization Technology of Single Sand Body in Fluvial Reservoir

Fuyu oil layer of an oilfield is an ultra-low permeability oil layer. The remarkable characteristics of this oil layer are poor physical properties, low single well production, 2-4 layers of sand body longitudinally, large change frequency of plane upper layer and continuous characteristics. In order to realize effective oil layer development and ensure effective reservoir utilization. According to the poor physical properties of this oilfield, this paper analyzes the microscopic and macroscopic responsiveness of the reservoir, ensures effective permeability and thickness of permeable sand body, quantificationally depicts the plane distribution of permeable sand body, and effectively determines the distribution range of the reservoir according to the description of single sand body, thus providing a good technical means for subsequent scale production.

Recent Advances in EBSD Characterization of Metals

Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) has been attracting enormous interest in the microstructural characterization of metals in recent years. This characterization technique has several advantages over conventional ones, since it allows obtaining a wide range of characterization possibilities in a single method, which is not possible in others. The grain size, crystallographic orientation, texture, and grain boundary character distribution can be obtained by EBSD analysis. Despite the limited resolution of this technique (20–50 nm), EBSD is powerful, even for nanostructured materials. Through this technique, the microstructure can be characterized at different scales and levels with a high number of microstructural characteristics. It is known that the mechanical properties are strongly related to several microstructural aspects such as the size, shape, and distribution of grains, the presence of texture, grain boundaries character, and also the grain boundary plane distribution. In this context, this work aims to describe and discuss the possibilities of microstructural characterization, recent advances, the challenges in sample preparation, and the application of the EBSD in the characterization of metals.

Study on the composition and inter-layer correlation of coalbed methane system of Xishanyao Formation under sedimentary control, Southern Junggar Basin, NW

<p>In order to investigate the controlling of the sedimentation environment evolution on the coalbed methane system in Xishanyao Formation on the southern margin of Junggar Basin，using drilling wells，logging wells，outcrops and other data with the assistance of fine analysis methods，such as scanning electron microscope and image granularity，the coalbed methane system was divided，and its sedimentation evolution process was researched． The research results show that sand body of five types of sedimentation microfacies，whose water and air blocking capacity is sorted as “diversion channel＜crevasse splay and beach dam＜natural levee and shore－shallow lake”，can be identified in the research area，and single－well vertical coalbed methane system was divided; during the SQ1—SQ2 period，the rise of lake level led to the expansion of the development area of lacustrine facies，as well as the weakening of the coal－accumulating process which was mainly concentrated in the TST and LST stages of SQ1，and the east－west characteristic difference regarding the coalbed development and gas content appeared and was in accordance with the plane distribution of sedimentary facies; during exploitation，the coalbed methane system should be defined according to the blocking capability of surrounding rock，appropriate exploitation methods should be selected according to the characteristics of each system，and the avoidance of vertically joint－developing sandstone aquifer and combined layer series of development should be paid attention to．</p>

Nondestructive evaluation of 3D microstructure evolution in strontium titanate

Nondestructive X-ray diffraction contrast tomography imaging was used to characterize the microstructure evolution in a polycrystalline bulk strontium titanate specimen. Simultaneous acquisition of diffraction and absorption information allows for the reconstruction of shape and orientation of more than 800 grains in the specimen as well as porosity. Three-dimensional microstructure reconstructions of two coarsening states of the same specimen are presented alongside a detailed exploration of the crystallographic, topological and morphological characteristics of the evolving microstructure. The overall analysis of the 3D structure shows a clear signature of the grain boundary anisotropy, which can be correlated to surface energy anisotropy: the grain boundary plane distribution function shows an excess of 〈100〉-oriented interfaces with respect to a random structure. The results are discussed in the context of interface property anisotropy effects.

Evaluation of Low Order Stress Models for Use in Co-Design Analysis of Electronics Packaging

Co-design and co-engineering have the potential to improve the design of electronics packaging significantly. A co-designed approach moves away from the sequential approach of an electrical layout followed by a mechanical module design, and then the addition of a heat sink. Replacing it with an approach that addresses the electrical, thermal, and mechanical design simultaneously during the initial design. The goal is to evaluate the design space quickly, considering both the thermal and mechanical stress aspects together. ParaPower is a low order fast running parametric analysis tool, developed by the Army Research Laboratory (ARL), that allows rapid evaluation of package temperatures and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) induced stresses throughout the design space. The model uses a 3D nodal network to calculate device temperatures and thermal stresses. In order to rapidly evaluate the design space both the thermal and stress models must be reduced order and provide reasonable results on coarse grids. In the case of the stress model, the goal is a low order relationship between the temperatures and the CTE induced stresses. This paper compares three different low order models for stress. The first uses a more traditional planar module design. This assumes a substantial substrate or heat spreader as the base for the module assembly. The second model is less restrictive, eliminating the requirement for a substrate. The third model also eliminates the substrate requirement, but also allows for in-plane distribution of the stresses. The first two models do not account for the in-plane distribution. Two geometries are considered, a standard power module with a substantial substrate and a stacked novel module with no clear substrate layer. Results for both geometries and the three stress models are compared to finite element analysis (FEA) using SolidWorks, beginning with a thermal analysis followed by a stress analysis based on the temperature solution. All three models run roughly two orders of magnitude faster than the FEA and they correctly predict the trends in the CTE induced stresses.