VDAC1 Negatively Regulates Floral Transition in Arabidopsis thaliana

Voltage-dependent anion channels (VDACs) are the most important proteins in mitochondria. They localize to the outer mitochondrial membrane and contribute to the metabolite transport between the mitochondria and cytoplasm, which aids plant growth regulation. Here, we report that Arabidopsis thaliana VDAC1 is involved in the floral transition, with the loss of AtVDAC1 function, resulting in an early-flowering phenotype. AtVDAC1 is expressed ubiquitously in Arabidopsis. To identify the flowering pathway integrators that may be responsible for AtVDAC1′s function during the floral transition, an RNA-seq analysis was performed. In total, 106 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between wild-type and atvdac1-5 mutant seedlings. However, none were involved in flowering-related pathways. In contrast, AtVDAC1 physically associated with FLOWERING LOCUS T. Thus, in the floral transition, AtVDAC1 may function partly through the FLOWERING LOCUS T protein.

Phytochemistry and biological properties of Drimys winteriJR et G. Forster var chilensis(DC) A.

Drimys winteri JR et G. Forster var chilensis (DC) A. is a tree native to central and southern Chile. Also it found in part of Argentina. It is abundant in wet swampy localities from sea level to an altitude of 1700 m. This tree is sacred for the Mapuche culture; it is used in folk medicine in such as inflammatory and painful processes. Phytochemical studies have demonstrated that this plant contains mainly sesquiterpenes of the drimane type, flavonoids, essential oils, phytosterols and some lignans. These drimanes have attracted interest because of their antifeedant, plant growth regulation, cytotoxic, antimicrobial and insecticidal properties. The objective of this review is to establish clearly the phytochemistry and biological activity of Drimys winteri JR et G. Forster var chilensis (DC) A. Articles based on other varieties are not considered.

Synthesis, Characterization, and Encapsulation of Novel Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) in Biopolymer Matrices

Novel plant growth regulators (PGRs) based on the derivatives of dehydroamino acids 2,3-dehydroaspartic acid dimethyl ester (PGR1), Z-isomer of the potassium salt of 2-amino-3-methoxycarbonylacrylic acid (PGR2) and 1-methyl-3-methylamino-maleimide (PGR3) have been synthesized and their growth-regulating properties investigated. Laboratory testing revealed their plant growth-regulating activity. PGR1 showing the most stimulating activity on all laboratory tested cultures were used in field experiments. Results showed that PGR1 is a highly effective environmentally friendly plant growth regulator with effects on different crops. Biopolymeric microcapsule formulations (chitosan/alginate microcapsule loaded with PGR) suitable for application in agriculture were prepared and characterized. Physicochemical properties and release profiles of PGRs from microcapsule formulations depend on the molecular interactions between microcapsule constituents including mainly electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds. The differences in the microcapsule formulations structure did not affect the mechanism of PGRs release which was identified as diffusion through microcapsules. The obtained results opened a perspective for the future use of microcapsule formulations as new promising agroformulations with a sustained and target release for plant growth regulation.

Synthesis, Characterization and Encapsulation of Novel Plant Growth Regulators (PGRs) in Biopolymer Matrices

Novel plant growth regulators (PGRs) based on the derivatives of dehydroamino acids (2,3-dehydroaspartic acid dimethyl ester, Z-isomer of the potassium salt of 2-amino-3-methoxycarbonylacrylic acid and 1-methyl-3-methylamino-maleimide) have been synthesized and their growth-regulating properties investigated. Laboratory testing and field experiments revealed new compounds are highly effective environmentally friendly plant growth regulators with effects on different crops. Biopolymeric microcapsule formulations (chitosan/alginate microcapsule loaded with PGR) suitable for application in agriculture were prepared and characterized. Physicochemical properties and release profiles of PGRs from microcapsule formulations depend on the molecular interactions between microcapsule constituents including mainly electrostatic interactions and hydrogen bonds. The differences in the microcapsule formulations structure did not affect the mechanism of PGRs release which was identified as diffusion through microcapsules. The obtained results opened a perspective for the future use of microcapsule formulations as new promising agroformulations with a sustained and target release for plant growth regulation.

Respons pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa belum menghasilkan terhadap pemberian air kelapa dan asam humat

SariKelapa kopyor banyak diminati masyarakat karena memiliki sifat yang unik. namun produktivitas kelapa kopyor masih rendah. Peningkatan pertumbuhan kelapa kopyor belum menghasilkan dapat dilakukan dengan aplikasi zat pengatur tumbuh alami (ZPT) seperti air kelapa yang diaplikasikan langsung pada tanaman dan asam humat sebagai bahan organik untuk meningkatkan kualitas tanah agar dapat sesuai bagi pertanaman kelapa kopyor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi aplikasi air kelapa dan asam humat terbaik terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa kopyor belum menghasilkan. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Lahan Taman Buah Mekarsari, Cileungsi, Bogor, Jawa Barat, pada bulan Mei 2018-Oktober 2018. Penelitian ini menggunakan tanah berordo Ultisols. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan 11 perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan terdiri dari kombinasi aplikasi air kelapa dengan konsentrasi 50%, 75%, 100% dengan dosis asam humat 10 mL/L, 20 mL/L, 30 mL/L per tanaman serta aplikasi air kelapa 100% dan asam humat 30 mL/L per tanaman sebagai kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kombinasi aplikasi air kelapa 75% + asam humat 20 mL memberikan respons terbaik terhadap pertambahan tinggi tanaman pada 16, 20, dan 24 minggu setelah perlakuan sedangkan kombinasi aplikasi air kelapa 100% + asam humat 20 mL memberikan respons terbaik terhadap pertambahan lilit batang pada 8 – 24 minggu setelah perlakuan.Kata kunci: air kelapa, asam humat, kopyor AbstractKopyor coconut demand usually increase because its endosperm has unique character, but kopyor coconut productivity is still low. The growth of young kopyor coconut can be improved by natural Plant Growth Regulation (PGR) such as coconut water and humic acid as an organic material for improving soil properties. The research was purposed to find out the effect of the combination of coconut water and humic acid applications on young kopyor coconuts plant growth. The research was conducted at Mekarsari Fruit Garden, Cileungsi, Bogor, West Java, from May 2018 to October 2018. The soil ordo was Ultisols. The experimental method used randomized block design (RDB) with 11 treatments and 3 replications. The treatments consisted of various combination of coconut water concentrations: 50%, 75%, 100%; humic acid dose: 10 mL/L, 20 mL/L, 30 mL/L per plant; and 100% coconut water and 30 mL/L humic acid as controls. The results showed that combination of the treatment 75% coconut water + 20 mL humic acid has the best response to addition of plant height on 16, 20, and 24 week after treatment (WAT) while the treatment 100% coconut water + 20 mL humic acid has the best response to addition of plant trunks on 8 until 24 WAT.Keywords — kopyor coconut, coconut water, humic acid