metal silicate
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2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayahan Saritas ◽  
Nassar Doudin ◽  
Eric I. Altman ◽  
Sohrab Ismail-Beigi

Lithos ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 106470
Author(s):  
Zhiyun Lu ◽  
Hongyu Zhao ◽  
Yongkui Wang ◽  
Shuai Fang ◽  
Zhenghao Cai ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
pp. 120384
Author(s):  
Tobias Grützner ◽  
Timo Hopp ◽  
Jasper Berndt ◽  
Arno Rohrbach ◽  
Stephan Klemme

2021 ◽  
Vol 564 ◽  
pp. 116888
Author(s):  
Maylis Landeau ◽  
Renaud Deguen ◽  
Dominic Phillips ◽  
Jerome A. Neufeld ◽  
Victor Lherm ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry-Ann Suer ◽  
Julien Siebert ◽  
Laurent Remusat ◽  
James M. D. Day ◽  
Stephan Borensztajn ◽  
...  

AbstractHighly siderophile elements (HSE), including platinum, provide powerful geochemical tools for studying planet formation. Late accretion of chondritic components to Earth after core formation has been invoked as the main source of mantle HSE. However, core formation could also have contributed to the mantle’s HSE content. Here we present measurements of platinum metal-silicate partitioning coefficients, obtained from laser-heated diamond anvil cell experiments, which demonstrate that platinum partitioning into metal is lower at high pressures and temperatures. Consequently, the mantle was likely enriched in platinum immediately following core-mantle differentiation. Core formation models that incorporate these results and simultaneously account for collateral geochemical constraints, lead to excess platinum in the mantle. A subsequent process such as iron exsolution or sulfide segregation is therefore required to remove excess platinum and to explain the mantle’s modern HSE signature. A vestige of this platinum-enriched mantle can potentially account for 186Os-enriched ocean island basalt lavas.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shoh Tagawa ◽  
Naoya Sakamoto ◽  
Kei Hirose ◽  
Shunpei Yokoo ◽  
John Hernlund ◽  
...  

AbstractHydrogen is one of the possible alloying elements in the Earth’s core, but its siderophile (iron-loving) nature is debated. Here we experimentally examined the partitioning of hydrogen between molten iron and silicate melt at 30–60 gigapascals and 3100–4600 kelvin. We find that hydrogen has a metal/silicate partition coefficient DH ≥ 29 and is therefore strongly siderophile at conditions of core formation. Unless water was delivered only in the final stage of accretion, core formation scenarios suggest that 0.3–0.6 wt% H was incorporated into the core, leaving a relatively small residual H2O concentration in silicates. This amount of H explains 30–60% of the density deficit and sound velocity excess of the outer core relative to pure iron. Our results also suggest that hydrogen may be an important constituent in the metallic cores of any terrestrial planet or moon having a mass in excess of ~10% of the Earth.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Nicklas ◽  
James Day ◽  
Kathryn Gardner-Vandy ◽  
Arya Udry

Abstract The Earth differs from other terrestrial planets in having a substantial silica-rich continental crust with a bulk andesitic composition1. The compositional dichotomy between oceanic and continental crust is likely related to water-rich subduction processes2. Over the past decade, the discovery of meteorites with andesitic bulk compositions have demonstrated that continental-crust like compositions can be attained through partial melting of chondritic protoliths3,4,5. Here we show that a newly identified achondrite meteorite, Erg Chech (EC) 002, is a high-Mg andesite but that, unlike previous andesitic achondrites has strongly fractionated and low abundances of the highly siderophile elements (HSE), reminiscent of Earth’s upper continental crust6. The major and HSE composition of EC 002 can be explained if its asteroid parent body underwent metal-silicate equilibrium prior to silicate partial melting without losing significant volatile components. The chemistry of pyroxene grains in EC 002 suggests it approximates a parental melt composition, which cannot be produced by partial melting of pre-existing basaltic lithologies, but more likely requires a metal-free chondritic source. Erg Chech 002 likely formed by ~ 15% melting of the mantle of an alkali-undepleted differentiated asteroid. The discovery of EC 002 shows that extensive silicate differentiation after metal-silicate equilibration was already occurring in the first two million years of solar system history7, and that andesitic crustal compositions do not always require water-rich subduction processes to be produced.


Author(s):  
Yanick Ricard ◽  
Stéphane Labrosse ◽  
Hidenori Terasaki ◽  
David Bercovici

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