Finding wombling boundaries in LHC data with Voronoi and Delaunay tessellations

We address the problem of finding a wombling boundary in point data generated by a general Poisson point process, a specific example of which is an LHC event sample distributed in the phase space of a final state signature, with the wombling boundary created by some new physics. We discuss the use of Voronoi and Delaunay tessellations of the point data for estimating the local gradients and investigate methods for sharpening the boundaries by reducing the statistical noise. The outcome from traditional wombling algorithms is a set of boundary cell candidates with relatively large gradients, whose spatial properties must then be scrutinized in order to construct the boundary and evaluate its significance. Here we propose an alternative approach where we simultaneously form and evaluate the significance of all possible boundaries in terms of the total gradient flux. We illustrate our method with several toy examples of both straight and curved boundaries with varying amounts of signal present in the data.

Supplemental Material: Three-dimensional shape and structure of the Susitna basin, south-central Alaska, from geophysical data

Figure S1 showing locations of magnetic high-low anomalies that exhibit total gradient highs, numbered 1–3 as described in the text with: (A) simplified surface geology (colors as in Fig. 2), arrow marks an area near metavolcanic rock described as Triassic to Pennsylvanian? by Wilson et al. (2015); (B) reduced-to-pole magnetic field; and (C) total gradient and thick black lines delineate faults interpreted in this study and by Haeussler and Saltus (2011).<br>

Supplemental Material: Three-dimensional shape and structure of the Susitna basin, south-central Alaska, from geophysical data

Figure S1 showing locations of magnetic high-low anomalies that exhibit total gradient highs, numbered 1–3 as described in the text with: (A) simplified surface geology (colors as in Fig. 2), arrow marks an area near metavolcanic rock described as Triassic to Pennsylvanian? by Wilson et al. (2015); (B) reduced-to-pole magnetic field; and (C) total gradient and thick black lines delineate faults interpreted in this study and by Haeussler and Saltus (2011).<br>

Supplemental Material: Three-dimensional shape and structure of the Susitna basin, south-central Alaska, from geophysical data

Figure S1 showing locations of magnetic high-low anomalies that exhibit total gradient highs, numbered 1–3 as described in the text with: (A) simplified surface geology (colors as in Fig. 2), arrow marks an area near metavolcanic rock described as Triassic to Pennsylvanian? by Wilson et al. (2015); (B) reduced-to-pole magnetic field; and (C) total gradient and thick black lines delineate faults interpreted in this study and by Haeussler and Saltus (2011).<br>

MÉTODOS COMPUTACIONALES PARA LA DELAMINACIÓN DE GRAFITO UTILIZANDO SURFACTANTES ANIONICOS PARA PRODUCIR GRAFENO

Today, using thermal and chemical reduction and solubility, graphene oxide is produced in large scale. Since there are various methods for producing graphene, each of which allocates properties to the produced graphene, the purpose of this research is to investigate graphite delamination using anionic surfactants and produce graphene by means of computational methods. The research method was applied in order to perform molecular dynamics analysis, first, (the minimum) force that each atom imposes to other atoms was calculated. This is the total gradient of the system’s energy according to the coordinates of the related atom. A Bayesian method was used for dynamic modeling, which, on average, uses dynamic parameters instead of their estimates. The Gaussian Process Dynamic Model (GPDM) was completely defined by a set of low-level data representations and was observed by both dynamics and modeling of GP regression (Gaussian process regression). Then, using the Gaussian software, along with empirical results or just using this software, the molecular state and reactions and their mechanisms were simulated. The results indicated that the presence of benzene, ether and carbo xyl groups in the optimal structure facilitates the entry of surfactants into the sheets and that the agent to start the separation of the graphene sheets adhered to each other by comparing the results of this study between the two surfactants, it was found that the gap to change by separation layers between the graphene plates is different for two surfactants. Besides, the difference in the polarity of the surfactants resulted in the final polarization of the surfactant and graphene system. Therefore, the difference in the polarity causes the difference in the solubility.

Joint analysis of the magnetic field and total gradient intensity in central Europe

In the European region, the magnetic field at satellite altitudes (∼350 km) is mainly defined by a long-wavelength magnetic low, called the Central European Magnetic Low (CEML) here, located to the southwest of the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ). We studied this area through a joint analysis of magnetic and total gradient (∇T) anomaly maps for a range of different altitudes of 5, 100 and 350 km. Tests on synthetic models showed the usefulness of the joint analysis at various altitudes to identify reverse dipolar anomalies and to characterize areas in which magnetization is weak. This way we identified areas where either reversely or normally magnetized sources are locally dominant. At a European scale these anomalies are sparse, with a low degree of coalescence effect. The ∇T map indeed presents generally small values within the CEML area, indicating that the Paleozoic Platform is weakly magnetized. At 350 km of altitude, the TESZ effect is largely dominant: with intense ∇T highs above the East European Craton (EEC) and very small values above the Paleozoic Platform, this again denotes a weakly magnetized crust. Small coalescence effects are masked by the trend of the TESZ. Although we identified sparsely located reversely magnetized sources in the Paleozoic Platform of the CEML, the joint analysis does not support a model of a generally reversely magnetized crust. Instead, our analysis strongly favors the hypothesis that the CEML anomaly is mainly caused by a sharp contrast between the magnetic properties of the EEC and Paleozoic Platform.

Joint analysis of the magnetic field and Total Gradient Intensity in Central Europe

In the European region, the magnetic field at satellite altitudes (~ 350 km) is mainly defined by a long-wavelength magnetic-low called here the Central Europe Magnetic Low (CEML), located to the southwest of the Trans European Suture Zone (TESZ). We studied this area by a joint analysis of the magnetic and total gradient (∇T) anomaly maps, for a range of different altitudes of 5 km, 100 km and 350 km. Tests on synthetic models showed the usefulness of the joint analysis at various altitudes to identify reverse dipolar anomalies and to characterize areas in which magnetization is weak. By this way we identified areas where either reversely or normally magnetized sources are locally dominant. At a European scale these anomalies are sparse, with a low degree of coalescence effect. The ∇T map indeed presents generally small values within the CEML area, indicating that the Palaeozoic Platform is weakly magnetized. At 350 km altitude, the TESZ effect is largely dominant: with intense ∇T highs above the East European Craton (EEC) and very small values above the Palaeozoic Platform, this again denoting a weakly magnetized crust. Small coalescence effects are masked by the trend of the TESZ. Although we identified sparsely located reversely magnetized sources in the Palaeozoic Platform of the CEML, the joint analysis does not support a model of a generally reversely magnetized crust. Instead, our analysis strongly favors the hypothesis that the CEML anomaly is mainly caused by a sharp contrast between the magnetic properties of EEC and Palaeozoic Platform.