VinegarScan: A Computer Tool Based on Ultraviolet Spectroscopy for A Rapid Authentication of Wine Vinegars

Ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy has shown successful results in the last few years to characterize and classify wine vinegar according to its quality, particularly those with a protected designation of origin (PDO). Due to these promising results, together with the simplicity, price, speed, portability of this technique and its ability to create robust hierarchical classification models, the objective of this work was the development of a computer tool or software, named VinegarScan, which uses the UV-vis spectra to be able to perform quality control and authentication of wine vinegar in a quick and user-friendly way. This software was based on the open-source GUI created in C++ using several data mining algorithms (e.g., decision trees, classification algorithms) on UV-vis spectra. This software achieved satisfactory prediction results with the available analytical UV-vis data. The future idea of utility is to combine the VinegarScan tool with a portable UV-vis device that could be used by control bodies of the wine vinegar industry to achieve a clear differentiation from their competitors to avoid fraud.

Development and Validation of a Multi-Locus PCR-HRM Method for Species Identification in Mytilus Genus with Food Authenticity Purposes

DNA-based methods using informative markers such as single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) are suitable for reliable species identification (SI) needed to enforce compliance with seafood labelling regulations (EU No.1379/2013). We developed a panel of 10 highly informative SNPs to be genotyped by PCR-High resolution melting (HRM) for SI in the Mytilus genus through in silico and in vitro stages. Its fitness for purpose and concordance were assessed by an internal validation process and by the transference to a second laboratory. The method was applicable to identify M. chilensis, M. edulis, M. galloprovincialis and M. trossulus mussels, fresh, frozen and canned with brine, oil and scallop sauce, but not in preserves containing acetic acid (wine vinegar) and tomato sauce. False-positive and negative rates were zero. Sensitivity, expressed as limit of detection (LOD), ranged between 5 and 8 ng/μL. The method was robust against small variations in DNA quality, annealing time and temperature, primer concentration, reaction volume and HRM kit. Reference materials and 220 samples were tested in an inter-laboratory assay obtaining an “almost perfect agreement” (κ = 0.925, p < 0.001). In conclusion, the method was suitable for the intended use and to be applied in the seafood industry.

Novel Analysis on Aroma Compounds of Wine, Vinegar and Derived Products

Aroma is one of the main responsible for the acceptance of oenological products such as wine, vinegar and derived products [...]

PRODUCTION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIAL CELLULOSE FROM KOMAGATAEIBACTER XYLINUS ISOLATED FROM HOME-MADE TURKISH WINE VINEGAR

"In this research, bacterial cellulose (BC) was produced from Komagataeibacter xylinus S4 isolated from home-made wine vinegar (Denizli-Çal) and characterized through morphological and biochemical analyses. K. xylinus was identified by 16S rDNA sequence analysis. The wet (51.8-52.8 g) and dry (0.43-0.735 g) weights of the produced BC were measured. The morphology of cellulose pellicles was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and a dense nanofiber network was observed. TGA analysis showed that the weight loss in the dehydration step in the BC samples occurred between 50 °C and 150 °C, while the decomposition step took place between 215 °C and 228 °C. Also, the cytotoxic effect, moisture content, water retention capacity and swelling behavior of BC were evaluated. In vitro assays demonstrated that BC had no significant cytotoxic effect. It was found that BC had antibacterial and antibiofilm potential (antibacterial effect>antibiofilm effect). All the results clearly showed that the produced BC can be considered as a safe material for different purposes, such as wound dressings."

Optimization of the Acetification Stage in the Production of Wine Vinegar by Use of Two Serial Bioreactors

In the scope of a broader study about wine acetification, previous works concluded that using a single bioreactor hindered simultaneously reaching high productivities with high substrate consumption and the use of two serially arranged bioreactors (TSAB) could achieve such goal. Then, the aim of this work is the optimization, using Karush–Kuhn–Tucker (KKT) conditions, of this TSAB using polynomial models previously obtained. The ranges for the operational variables leading to either maximum and minimum mean rate of acetification of 0.11 ≤ (rA)global ≤ 0.27 g acetic acid·(100 mL·h)−1 and acetic acid production of 14.7 ≤ Pm ≤ 36.6 g acetic acid·h−1 were identified; the results show that simultaneously maximizing (rA)global and Pm is not possible so, depending on the specific objective, different operational ranges must be used. Additionally, it is possible to reach a productivity close to the maximum one (34.6 ≤ Pm ≤ 35.5 g acetic acid·h−1) with an almost complete substrate use [0.2% ≤ Eu2 ≤ 1.5% (v/v)]. Finally, comparing the performance of the bioreactors operating in series and in parallel revealed that the former choice resulted in greater production.

PENGGUNAAN BUAH PLUM, ALPUKAT DAN REMPAH DALAM PENGEMBANGAN CLASSIC VINAIGRETTE DRESSING

<div class="page" title="Page 1"><div class="layoutArea"><div class="column"><p><span style="font-size: 10.000000pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">Dressing merupakan pelengkap untukmenghidangkan makanan,khususnya salad yang mempunyaifungsiuntuk melengkapi sajian menjadi lebih sempurna untuk dinikmati. Banyak jenis dressing untuk salad yang dikenal secara populer di industry kuliner namun demikian merupakan upaya yang baik untuk melakukan inovasi terhadap varian dressing yang ada sebagai alternatif pilihan bagi para penikmat makanan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan sebuah pengembangan dari </span><span style="font-size: 10.000000pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman,Italic';">vinaigrette dressing </span><span style="font-size: 10.000000pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">dengan ingredient buah-buahan dan rempah sebagai pengganti salad oil dan wine vinegar. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian dan pengembangan produk, anlisa dilakukan secara deskriptif analisis dengan melakukan uji organoleptic kepada 25 panelis terlatih pada semester kedua tahun 2018. Hasil penelitian menyatakan bahwa penggunaan buah plum, alpukat dan rempah pada pengembangan </span><span style="font-size: 10.000000pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman,Italic';">vinaigrette dressing </span><span style="font-size: 10.000000pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">secara rasa, warna, tekstur dan aroma dinyatakan layak untuk dikonsumsi sehingga diharapkan bisa digunakan sebagai alternatif dalam mengonsumsi s alad sayur dengan tingkat kemiripan tinggi dengan classic </span><span style="font-size: 10.000000pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman,Italic';">vinaigrette dressing </span><span style="font-size: 10.000000pt; font-family: 'Times New Roman';">sehingga bisa memperkaya varian dressing yang ada. </span></p></div></div></div>

Modelling of the Acetification Stage in the Production of Wine Vinegar by Use of Two Serial Bioreactors

In the scope of a broader study about modelling wine acetification, the use of polynomial black-box models seems to be the best choice. Additionally, the use of two serially arranged bioreactors was expected to result in increased overall acetic acid productivity. This paper describes the experiments needed to obtain enough data for modelling the process and the use of second-order polynomials for this task. A fractional experimental design with central points was used with the ethanol concentrations during loading of the bioreactors, their operation temperatures, the ethanol concentrations at unloading time, and the unloaded volume in the first one as factors. Because using two serial reactors imposed some constraints on the operating ranges for the process, an exhaustive combinatorial analysis was used to identify a working combination of such ranges. The obtained models provided highly accurate predictions of the mean overall rate of acetic acid formation, the mean total production of acetic acid of the two-reactor system, and ethanol concentration at the time the second reactor is unloaded. The operational variables associated with the first bioreactor were the more strongly influential to the process, particularly the ethanol concentration at the time the first reactor was unloaded, the unloaded volume, and the ethanol concentration when loading.

Study of Organoleptic Nutmeg Fruit Dodol Quality

Dodol is a semi-wet food that has a plastic texture. The typical organoleptic properties of dodol are brown and have a sweet, savory and legit taste with a plastic texture. Nutmeg meat has the potential to be processed into various food products such as candied nutmeg, nutmeg syrup, jam, nutmeg juice, instant nutmeg drink, nutmeg jelly, nutmeg wine, vinegar acid, gelatin hard candy and dodol. Processing nutmeg meat into nutmeg dodol can add value to nutmeg products and increase farmers' income. The purpose of this study was to produce nutmeg dodol with the best organoleptic properties. Dodol from nutmeg meat and banana flour mulu bebe produces a colour value of 3.64-3.70 (dislike), flavour 3.25-3.59 (rather dislike), and aroma of 3.75-4.15 (dislike). The ratio of the addition of nutmeg meat 65% and banana flour mulu bebe 35% meets the quality of SNI dodol, the ratio of addition of nutmeg meat 45% and banana flour mulu bebe 55% produces nutmeg dodol favoured by consumers.