mechanical and structural properties
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2022 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai Yuan ◽  
Xiaofei Li ◽  
Xudong Yang ◽  
Shuai Luo ◽  
Xi Yang ◽  
...  

Abstract In this study, the effect of bacterial cellulose nanofibers (BCNF) incorporation on the structural and rheological properties of casein gels was investigated, where the mixed BCNF and casein gels were prepared by adding gluconic acid δ-lactone (GDL) to acidify the mixed polymer solutions at 3.0% casein concentration (w/v) and varying BCNF concentrations (0–0.5%, w/v). By changing the addition amount of GDL, the mechanical and structural properties of the mixed gels were studied at above, near and below the electric point (pI) of the casein. At pH above the pI of the casein, the introduction of BCNF initially increased the gel strength, but further addition of BCNF weakened the mixed gels. At near and below the pI of the casein, the incorporation of BCNF continuously increased the gel strength. Besides, all gels showed good structural homogeneity, without macroscopic phase separation occurring, which indicated good compatibility of BCNF with the casein gels.


Langmuir ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leïla Khacef ◽  
Philippe Legros ◽  
Pascal Hervé ◽  
Guillaume Ovarlez ◽  
Yaocihuatl Medina-Gonzalez

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 2038
Author(s):  
Thuy Thi Bich Tran ◽  
Boi Ngoc Vu ◽  
Md Saifullah ◽  
Minh Huu Nguyen ◽  
Penta Pristijono ◽  
...  

Edible films and coatings have currently received increasing interest because of their potential in food applications. This study examined the effect of incorporated essential oils and natural plant extracts on the characteristics of the composite seaweed hydrocolloid and gac pulp films. Films were prepared by a casting technique, followed by measurement of physical, optical, barrier, mechanical, and structural properties. The results showed that adding plant oils and extracts significantly affected the physical, optical, mechanical, and structural properties of the composite films. Incorporation of the essential oils resulted in a reduction in moisture content and opacity while increasing values for Hue angle and elongation at break of the composite films. Besides, incorporation of the plant extracts showed increases in thickness, opacity, ΔE, Chroma, and elongation at the break, while there is a decrease in the Hue angle values of the composite films. In conclusion, incorporating plant essential oils and extracts into composite seaweed hydrocolloid and gac pulp films can enhance film properties, which can potentially be applied in food products.


2021 ◽  
Vol MA2021-02 (13) ◽  
pp. 647-647
Author(s):  
Talaat A Hameed ◽  
Md. Abdullah Mamun ◽  
Wei Cao ◽  
Helmut Baumgart ◽  
Hani El-Sayed ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 72 ◽  
pp. 606-615
Author(s):  
Adil Saleem ◽  
Muhammad K. Majeed ◽  
M. Zeeshan Ashfaq ◽  
Ghulam Yasin ◽  
Rashid Iqbal ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Towle ◽  
Thomas Loho ◽  
Amira Salem ◽  
Carolina Loch

Mechanical properties of enamel are known to vary across molar crowns in some primates, but the association of this variation with phylogeny, structural properties and tribological behaviour is not well understood. In this study, 20 molars from a range of primate taxa (n=15) were studied using nanoindentation, micro-CT scanning, and SEM imaging. After micro-CT scanning, teeth were sectioned in the lingual-buccal plane through the mesial cusps. Five positions (buccal lateral, buccal cuspal, occlusal middle, lingual cuspal, lingual lateral) were studied in three locations (inner, middle, outer enamel regions). The results show middle enamel had the highest hardness and elastic modulus values in all positions. 'Non-functional' molar sides (lingual in lower molars and buccal in upper molars) had higher hardness values than their 'functional' counterparts. Increase in prism size was associated with a decrease in hardness in some tooth positions, and mineral density showed a significant relationship with elastic modulus values. Variation in enamel structure variation (e.g., enamel Schmelzmuster, Hunter-Schreger band thickness), may also be crucial in explaining variation in mechanical properties, with decussation zones associated with higher mechanical properties values. Primate enamel is not a homogeneous material, with variation in mechanical and structural properties across the crown likely associated with functional differences and variation in force distribution. Overall structural and mechanical patterns were similar in the primate species studied despite substantial differences in diet, suggesting these properties are potentially evolutionary conserved.


2021 ◽  
pp. 118431
Author(s):  
Si-Qian Chen ◽  
Oliver W. Meldrum ◽  
Qiudong Liao ◽  
Zhaofeng Li ◽  
Xiao Cao ◽  
...  

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