Technological, economic and legislative opportunities and barriers for panel apartment buildings energy efficient reconstruction in Russia

In the middle of the twentieth century there was a need for a significant amount of housing in Russia as soon as possible caused by the necessity to restore buildings destroyed during the war years, as well as rapid urbanization. Panel apartment houses have become an excellent solution to this problem, due to the simplicity and short construction time. However, recently such buildings do not meet the requirements of comfort, safety and economy. Not only Russia, but also the countries of Eastern Europe, Germany and Japan faced this problem at the turn of the century. In this article, analogues of the panel houses renovation with increasing energy efficiency of their thermal envelope in different countries are considered. It is conducted a comprehensive analysis of the existing legislation of the Russian Federation in the field of reconstruction. Technical opportunities to improve the comfort and energy efficiency of panel buildings and their economic advisability were considered by the example of panel apartment building in Ekaterinburg.

Anti-D-immunoprophylaxis

The working out and introducing of anti-D-immunoprofylaxis program in the time of pregnancy in foreign countries and Russia are discussed, effectiveness of its long-term using on the base of the federal programs in developed European countries and America is analyzed; necessity and economic advisability of its introducing on the base of the federal and municipal programs in Russia from the evidence-based medicine point of view are considered, indications and arguable points of the program are discussed.

Place ofcromoglicate acid in clinical practice

According to the statistics data about 40% of the population of the world suffer from allergic diseases. A variety of the factors participate in activation and formation of allergic illnesses, assume the use of a wide spectrum of medical products for correction and changes arising at an allergic inflammation. It is necessary to note that a basis of treatment of these diseases is preventive maintenance. We will stop in detail at the group of preparations of cromoglicate acid, which is widely used in clinical practice for prevention of exacebrations and treatment of allergic diseases. Some features of cromons such as a high profile ofsafety, good tolerance, possibility of long using in pediatrics and during pregnancy, low system bioavailability and economic advisability will be discussed.