Association of Fear and Annoyance with Acoustic Levels of Dental Equipment Among Adolescents Attending Rural Dental Health Center: A Cross-sectional Study

Introduction: Noise is increasingly becoming pervasive in occupational health concerning practicing dentists as well as patients. A stimulus such as noise from dental equipment compared to anxiety is often multifactorial and can result from a combination of fear of pain, dental instruments noise, or even upcoming negative events and future threats. Aim: This study aimed to assess fear and annoyance levels among adolescents attending a rural dental health centre and compare the acoustic noise levels of dental equipment and its association with fear and annoyance levels among adolescents. Methods: The acoustic noise spectra originating from different tools/equipment in a rural dental health centre is assessed using an application named sound meter of a standard mobile android phone (Samsung galaxy grand 2). Following a 15-minute treatment, a questionnaire was filled by a professional investigator through personal interviews with all subjects. The data is subjected to analysis by Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0. Results: 61.5% of the subjects felt anxious about the anticipatory dental visit, and there was a significant difference observed between genders. Chi-square analysis revealed no significant differences in the fear and annoyance with increasing noise levels in various treatment groups. (p> 0.05). Conclusion: In the present study, fear and annoyance levels increased with increasing noise levels of equipment. Annoyance was found to be significantly higher in females.

A METHODOLOGICAL FRAMEWORK FOR RESEARCH OF ERGONOMIC RISK FACTORS IN DENTISTRY

This paper proposes a methodological framework for the research of ergonomic risk factors in dentistry, since this is a profession with very specific and complex ergonomic challenges. When analyzing ergonomic risk factors in dental practice, three separate entities should be taken into account: the dentist, as the central figure in the office; the dental office equipment, which includes all the instruments and devices, dental chair and dentist stool; and the dental office, including the workplace layout and the working conditions. Bearing in mind that it is impossible to eliminate the risk, systematic analysis of ergonomic risk factors enabled us to propose solutions for its reduction. Risk reduction improves dentists’ work ability and working conditions in the dental office and contributes to a more humane, i.e., more functional design of dental equipment.

SAFETY OF MEDICAL ACTIVITY IN DENTISTRY

Today, ensuring the safety of patients and medical personnel is an integral part of medical practice. In dentistry, this problem is especially relevant, given the fact that dentists occupy one of the leading places in terms of the frequency of professional errors among doctors who have been sued, as well as the frequency of complaints from patients about the quality of medical care. This article discusses the safety of medical activities and the safety of medical care in medical organizations, in general, and in dentistry in particular, an analysis of the regulatory documentation in relation to these concepts is carried out, and issues of terminology are considered. Analysis of literary sources shows that today there is uncertainty in the interpretation of the concept of "safety of medical activity" due to the lack of a legislatively enshrined definition of this concept. With regard to dental practice, the safety of medical activities includes the safety of the patient, the safety of medical personnel, the safety of the environment in which dental care is provided, as well as the safety of pharmaceuticals and medical dental equipment. Organizational, legal, personnel and economic security can also be considered as constituent parts of the safety of medical activities. At the same time, there is no unambiguous understanding of the relationships between the concepts of safety of medical activity, safety of medical care, safety of medical services, safety of the medical environment. An important unresolved to date task is to determine the criteria for assessing the safety of medical activities. Taking into account the versatility of the concept of the safety of medical activities and the specifics of medical activities, it is necessary to develop criteria for assessing the safety of medical activities for each specialty, including dentistry. It seems that the assessment structure should be uniform for all medical activities, but include specific elements with criteria for the safety of medical activities in individual specialties.

Bacterial Contamination of Equine Dentistry Equipment—Effect of Cleaning and Disinfection

Equine dentistry has developed immensely and human dental equipment, such as handpieces, are often used. Measures to avoid the spread of infectious microorganisms are important, but this is challenging since handpieces are difficult to decontaminate. Thus, it is necessary to develop effective IPC measures in equine dentistry. The aim of this study was to contribute to the evidence needed for future evidence-based guidelines on IPC by investigating hygiene in equine dentistry. Used handpieces and dummies (i.e., handpieces not used during dental procedure, reflecting environmental bacterial contamination) and the head support were sampled each day before the first patient, for each patient after treatment, and after decontamination. All equipment was sampled with 3M TM Swab Samplers and the head support additionally sampled with dip slides. After dental procedures, the detected bacterial load was often high on used handpieces, dummies, and the head support. After decontamination, handpieces did not meet the criteria for high-level disinfected equipment. In all but one case decontamination of the head support resulted in a lowered bacterial load. There is a great need for evidence-based guidelines on hygiene in equine dentistry, including IPC measures, to decrease the risk of spreading infectious microorganisms between patients, facilities, and stables.

Healthcare Service In The "Dentistry" Profle To The Population Of Moscow Under Restrictive Measures Of Covid-19

In the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic in March 2020, by the decree of the Mayor of Moscow, the provision of dental services to the population was temporarily suspended, with the exception of diseases and conditions requiring emergency or urgent dental care. A Headquarters was established to coordinate the provision of emergency and urgent dental care for COVID-19 patients and for those who was in isolation during lockdown. The Moscow Healthcare Department has been organized an activity of mobile medical and nursing teams (MNT) to provide emergency medical care in the "dentistry" profle. All MNTs were equipped with portable dental equipment. The MNTs has been working for free within the framework of compulsory medical insurance. For the period from March 26 to June 16 – 2020, medical care was provided to 1501 patients, of which 294 with a confrmed diagnosis of COVID-19, including 57 children. The measures taken were of a temporary nature and were aimed at preserving the health of Moscow residents and preventing the further spread of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 in Moscow.

CUERPO EXTRAÑO PUNZANTE LOCALIZADO EN APÉNDICE CECAL, DE DOS MESES DE EVOLUCIÓN. EXTRACCIÓN POR COLONOSCOPIA - INFORME DE CASO.

Introduction Ingestion of foreign bodies implies a 35% risk of possible complications, which are associated with their type (blunt or sharp) and their size. Although in most of them, it is expected that they pass along the gastrointestinal tract without difficulty or complications, the management will depend on the characteristics of the swallowed object, time of evolution and symptoms of the patient. Case description We present the clinical case of a 58-year-old female patient with a recent gastric bypass surgical history, who accidentally ingested a piece of dental equipment two months earlier during a dental procedure, remaining asymptomatic until she came to our office. In radiographic controls for confirmation, location and evolution, the presence of a 2 cm sharp object was evidenced, apparently located in the cecal appendix, which does not progress distally. For the management, initial expectant management was proposed, which was completed with therapeutic colonoscopy for its extraction, the technique recommends that the sharp object should be grasped by the pointed end, distal to the wall, which reduces the risk of perforation related to the procedure or damage of the mucosa during extraction, the case is completed with successful resolution and without complications. Conclusion Less invasive therapeutic management such as colonoscopy should be considered first line in this type of case, when there are no signs or radiological findings of perforation or clinical instability, due to its low incidence of complications and a high success rate.