Evaluation of Feasibility of Gamma-Spectrometer NaI PAK-01 and SAS Na M3 Software Application for Regular Radionuclide Analysis of NPP Permissible Wastes

The feasibility of correct NaI gamma-spectrometry activity measurement for each nuclide in 131I, 132I, 133I, 134I, 135I, 133Xe, 135mXe, 135Xe and 222Rn composition is presented. To get this result the special matrix method M3 and SAS Na M3 software were used for spectra processing. SAS Na M3 software was developed for complex NaI gamma-spectra processing. Special algorithms and auxiliary software are used to overcome the problems of the classic spectra processing matrix method. Being used for spectrum processing SAS Na M3 software determines the nuclide composition of the sample, activity of nuclides identified and activities uncertainties. The activity values estimation is made for nuclides not identified in the sample measured but included in SAS Na M3 software nuclides library. The values of minimal detectable activities for NaI ∅3''× 3'' gamma-spectrometer and 1 hour measuring time are ~ 0.6 Bq for 131I, 132I, 133I, 134I and ~ 2 Bq for 135I.

Application Of Mathematical Models And Digital Filters And Their Processors Of Spectral Analysis For Aromatic Compounds Gas In A Fluorescent Chemical

In this work, different spectra processing methods are affected by the principal components (Aromatic compounds). Keeping up high-spatial objectives is progressively basic, Various methodologies are utilized to check fragrant compounds that anticipate choosing a specific technique that's amid research Center determinations. These techniques empower us to assess a particular degree of normal compounds, much the same as benzene, toluene and xylene, and so on. One notable part of all types of signal systems is the flexibility of adaptation. And spatial exactness isn't fundamental to get a range from an expansive number of fragrant compounds where more prominent characterization and statistical mean are more critical. Moreover, sufficiently low deviations of the expected values were achieved from the true values. The standard deviation, to determine the properties of fragrant compounds and compare them with normal compounds isn't thorough. A persistent baseline rectification was performed; after that, the rectified spectrum was normalized to their area and somewhat smoothed. The autofluorescence foundation was subtracted, for the pure range analysis, by utilizing scientific approaches: polynomial estimation (PolyFit) and (method Processors Gases Improved). The accuracy obtained is not extreme and can be increased by developing algorithms and selecting other parameters. It is also possible to increase the accuracy and reliability of this method by improving the quality of the training sample by eliminating the unwanted data that we have obtained, by increasing the sample size, and by studying more in detail the sample data to eliminate inaccuracies that arise during the transition between concentrations Gas.

Comprehensive Meta-Analysis of COVID-19 Global Metabolomics Datasets

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 has spread across the world since 2019, causing a global pandemic. The pathogenesis of the viral infection and the associated clinical presentations depend primarily on host factors such as age and immunity, rather than the viral load or its genetic variations. A growing number of omics studies have been conducted to characterize the host immune and metabolic responses underlying the disease progression. Meta-analyses of these datasets have great potential to identify robust molecular signatures to inform clinical care and to facilitate therapeutics development. In this study, we performed a comprehensive meta-analysis of publicly available global metabolomics datasets obtained from three countries (United States, China and Brazil). To overcome high heterogeneity inherent in these datasets, we have (a) implemented a computational pipeline to perform consistent raw spectra processing; (b) conducted meta-analyses at pathway levels instead of individual feature levels; and (c) performed visual data mining on consistent patterns of change between disease severities for individual studies. Our analyses have yielded several key metabolic signatures characterizing disease progression and clinical outcomes. Their biological interpretations were discussed within the context of the current literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive meta-analysis of global metabolomics datasets of COVID-19.

Stages of arc atomic emission spectrometry development as applied to the solid geological samples’ analysis

The atomic emission spectrometry (AES) with arc discharge method evolution is inextricably linked with the fundamental scientific discoveries made in the 19th and 20th centuries, and it also reflects the change of scientific paradigms in a specific field of natural science – analytical chemistry. Theoretical comprehension and generalization of experimental data, along with the improving spectral equipment and methodological techniques for determining the elemental and material composition of solid geological samples, increased the accuracy of the analysis results i.e. the results were translated from qualitative to semi-quantitative and quantitative. Modern computerized equipment for direct AES with arc discharge provides minimal errors in measuring the spectral intensity due to the high stability of the excitation source of the spectra of atoms and molecules, the use of high-power polychromators and express digital recording of spectra by multi-channel detectors. However, in the commercial software of spectrometers, only the methods of manual spectra processing proposed in the 30s of the last century are programmed. That limits the possibilities of improving the analysis quality. The time has come to use the developed concept of computer processing of big spectral data, which is based on the information models of chemical analysis and the back propagation of error, in order to select the best models. Current article shows that the information models of computer spectra interpretation obtained from direct arc AES multi-element techniques of geological samples’ analysis using the injection-spillage method provide better quantitative results (category III of accuracy) due to a more complete account of spectral and matrix influences compared to the routine processing techniques.

Lineviewer — program of the astro space locator (asl) package for constructing and processing averaged spectra

LineViewer program operation a description and demonstration is presented. It is focused on the galactic and extragalactic masers primary spectra processing and visualization of observational data obtained with the SRT-10 space radio telescope (the “Radioastron” project). LineViewer is written in C ++ and is intended for correcting the signal bandwidth, constructing and analyzing the maser sources spectra averaged over time and fringe rate, and identifying maser spectral lines. The LineViewer software allows to analyze quickly the intermediate result and adjust it to obtain the relevant parameters for improving or detecting the correlation in spectral lines.

Analytical capabilities of the Grand-2000 high-resolution spectrometer

The analytical characteristics of the new Grand-2000 high-resolution spectrometer with BLPP-4000 photodetectors were evaluated. The device was tested as part of the Grand-Potok complex, which consists of a spectrometer and an electric arc facility and is designed to analyze powder samples continuously brought into the plasma atomizer (free-burning arc in air). The characteristics of the new spectrometer were compared with those of the Grand spectrometer, which is widely employed in analytical laboratories. It is shown that the use of the Grand-2000 spectrometer to determine the concentration of elements in geological and industrial powder samples does not lead to an obvious improvement in the results. The threefold increase in the spectral resolution of the new spectrometer reduces spectral influences from interfering elements, but the relative systematic error both decreases and increases for different samples. This may indicate the influence of unaccounted-for factors, for example, non-optimal spectra processing algorithms for this device. The results obtained suggest good prospects for the use of the Grand-2000 spectrometer to determine the concentration of elements in samples with a complex spectrum, but they also indicate the need for further studies to determine the optimal parameters for processing spectra. In addition, the Grand-2000 spectrometer can be used to supplement and refine the existing database of the wavelengths of spectral lines.

Vibrational Dynamics of a Chiral Smectic Liquid Crystal Undergoing Vitrification and Cold Crystallization

Vibrational dynamics in the glass transition and the cold crystallization process of (S)-4′-(1-methyloctyloxycarbonyl) biphenyl-4-yl 4-[7-(2,2,3,3,4,4,4-heptafluorobutoxy) heptyl-1-oxy]-benzoate (3F7HPhH7) was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) during cooling/heating experimental runs. The measured spectra processing was supported by quantum chemical density functional theory (DFT) calculations (frequency assignments). The perturbation-correlation moving window two-dimensional analysis (PCMW2D) was performed to examine how the height of individual absorption bands change under with temperature. Two-dimensional correlation analysis (2D-COS) was used to detect freezing-in or activation of the stochastic movements during the vitrification and the cold crystallization processes. Upon cooling, the vitrification process involves freezing-in of the stochastic movements of ester groups. Upon heating, as the cold crystallization process begins, the first to respond are the vibrations of the C–O–C and C=O groups in the rigid core.

DEVELOPMENT AND COMPARISON OF THE METHODS OF AUTOMATICAL SEARCHING OF PEAKS IN γ–SPECTRA

We elaborated the program of γ-spectra processing called ”GAMMAPEAKS” which approximates peaks in specters by gauss functions. We included two new algorithms which mark peaks in spectra to the new program version. The peaks marking algorithms are based on statistical methods of searching of extremes in functions. The algorithms developed are possible to mark peaks in spectra with sufficient accuracy.