The shape of neighborhoods to come: Examining patterns of gentrification and holistic neighborhood change in Los Angeles County, 1980–2010

The present study examines holistic neighborhood change in Los Angeles County across three decades between 1980 and 2010. Using Census tract data, we conduct a latent class analysis to identify classes of neighborhood change for each decade according to housing dynamics, age structure, racial-ethnic composition and churning, and socioeconomic characteristics, and describe latent classes indicative of gentrification. Further, we assess the degree to which tracts experience sustained or repeated gentrification over the 30 year period. In line with more recent conceptualizations of gentrification as a broad urban process, we find that gentrification occurs in a wide range of neighborhoods, and manifests itself differently according to shifts in population characteristics, with many tracts experiencing more than one successive period of gentrification over the 30 year period.

To the question of the management of the normal successive period

Мы знаем, что женщина может родить совершенно нормально без всякой посторонней помощи, т. е. проделать самостоятельно все три периода родов, остаться здоровой и иметь здорового и жизнеспособного ребенка.

To the therapy of bleeding in the successive period of labor. Pragegy (Zentr. F. Gyn., 1926, no. 28)

According to Prageg'u (Zentr. F. Gyn., 1926, No. 28) bleeding in the successive period usually depends on the retention of parts of the egg membranes or the presence of firmly sitting blood clots in the uterus, which must be removed.

CHAOTIC COEXISTENCE IN A RESOURCE–CONSUMER MODEL

We study the interspecies competition in a simple resource–consumer model which includes the resource supply as a dynamic variable. In the model, an organism of each species needs to consume a certain minimum rate of resource (food) to survive; a higher rate of consumption is required for reproduction. We analyze the orbit diagrams and Lyapunov exponents in order to characterize the system dynamical behavior. We observe that under a periodic food supply, the system can exhibit coexistence in the form of limit cycle oscillations. For a certain parameter range, we observe chaotic behavior emerging from successive period doublings and quasi-periodicity.

Extreme Hydro/chemical Phenomena in a River System during the Snowmelt Period

Development of extreme hydro/chemical phenomena during the snowmelt periods in the Moskva River (Rublyovo) and their interrelations with the water flow in the river have been investigated. The analysis was based on the rows of water quality daily average values including turbidity, color, permanganate oxidability, alkalinity, pH, chlorides, ammonia ion, iron, as well as the data on the river water flow. A two-month rated period March 15 – May 15 has been identified out of the data rows over 15 years of observations (1997–2011). It has covered the high water peak, preceding waves of thaw and successive period of relaxation. Special features of the indicators extreme behavior during the said period have been described. Variability of indicators during the snowmelt period was illustrated by the 1998 and 1999 data when washing of the river bed was carried out. During these measures performing links between water quality indicators and water consumption were the most obvious. Определен суммарный сток ингредиентов за половодье в зависимости от стока воды. It has been demonstrated that this dependency obeys the linear law.

The Chronological Conception of the Persian Period in Daniel 9

This article reconsiders scholarly treatments of Dan 9, especially in terms of the chapter’s treatment of Jeremiah’s prophecy of 70 years. It is suggested that the 70 weeks of Daniel do not directly reinterpret the 70 years of Jeremiah nor do they overlap with or replace them. Instead, the 70 weeks reflect a subsequent, successive period of time, immediately following the completion of the seventy years of Exile. This new understanding has implications both for the understanding of this chapter in Daniel, and more generally, for the history of a number of Jewish traditions in the Hellenistic period.

Observations of Bifurcation and Chaos in Plant Physiological Responses to Light

Although some theoretical predictions have been made, no experimental evidence of chaotic behaviour in plant physiological responses has been reported. Here we present observations of period- doubling and tripling in higher plants. For leaf bioelectric and temperature responses of maize, tomato, and burweed plants to rhythmical light, two different routes to chaos were found experimentally. One was via successive period-doubling and the other via the formation of intermittently chaotic oscillations from a subharmonic synchronisation. Because these effects appeared in intact plants, under conditions close to those found in nature, they may have wide significance, including for plant phylogenesis.

THE ACCURACY OF THE PLATING METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE NUMBERS OF SOIL BACTERIA, ACTINOMYCES, AND FUNGI IN THE DILUTION PLATED

During the crop seasons of 1936, 1937, and 1938, 1465 samples of field soil, held in the laboratory one day after crushing, were plated by the recognized technique in four replicates of one dilution for counts of fungi, and of a higher dilution for counts of bacteria and of actinomyces. A χ2 value was calculated for each set or counts. These values for each group of micro-organisms were distributed into classes, and the number in each class was compared with the theoretical for the Poisson series. The data for each year indicate that the fungal counts conform to expectancy on the basis of random sampling, and show that the method provides a reasonably accurate estimate of the population in the dilution plated capable of developing under the conditions of growth. Too many sets of counts of bacteria in each year yield high χ2 values. The counts of actinomyces conform to expectancy.In an attempt to determine the cause of this abnormality for sets of counts of bacteria, samples were plated on the afternoon of the day they were taken from the field. Three hundred and four samples plated in six replicates of one dilution, and another 100 samples plated in four replicates, yield χ2 values whose distributions conform to expectancy. Accordingly, the plate method provides a satisfactory estimate of the bacterial population of soil in the dilution plated if the procedure is carried out within six hours after sampling. Data on 88 samples plated on the day of sampling, on 88 samples held one day, on 88 samples held two to five days, and on 88 samples held eight to thirteen days show that the discrepancy between the actual and theoretical distributions of χ2 values becomes progressively greater at each successive period of holding the samples. Further, the data indicate that the area sampled, the season, the medium used and the technique of plating bear no relation to the abnormal variation in counts of bacteria on replicate plates.A record was kept of the presence of abnormal types of bacterial colonies and various genera of fungi on all plates from 468 samples plated one day after sampling and crushing during 1938. The data show that sets having pin-point colonies or spreading colonies of the Mucorales on one or more plates usually have high χ2 values. Counts on such plates should be excluded from the estimate of the mean number of bacteria in the sample. Likewise, the number of actinomyces colonies on each plate from these samples was recorded. The χ2 values for these counts were found to conform to expectancy, indicating that the factor or factors associated with a large number of high χ2 values for counts of bacteria does not affect the count of actinomyces in the same way.Percentage moisture and P values corresponding to χ2 values for the counts of bacteria obtained each year were correlated. The data yield coefficients that are not significant in each case.

Meetings of medical societies. N.M.A.T.R. Obstetric and gynecological section of December 14, 1934

Prof. P.V. Manenkov and ass. X. X. Mescherov made a report on the conditions for the development of tar cancer. Prof. I.F. Kozlov demonstrated a patient with functional urinary incontinence. Ass. M. A. Romanov and Ph.D. cand. I.V. Danilov made a report: "Management of the successive period of labor according to Rogovin's method ".