Intracraniaal infectieus aneurysma: belang van vroegtijdige diagnose

Intracranial aneurysm: importance of early detection A 45-year old woman presented at the emergency department with a decreased level of consciousness. She was under treatment for acute myeloid leukemia. An MRI scan of the brain showed diffuse vasoconstriction of the intracranial vasculature, suggestive for vasculitis. Aspergillus fumigatus was discovered in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), for which antimycotic treatment was initiated. Because of further neurological decline (acute decreased consciousness, unilateral gaze impairment and irregular obstructive respiration pattern) a CT scan was performed which showed diffuse subarachnoid and intraventricular hemorrhaging. CT-angiography showed an aneurysm at the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery. Because of the severe clinical condition of the patient, there was no indication for invasive therapy.

Hyperparameter Optimization Method Based on Harmony Search Algorithm to Improve Performance of 1D CNN Human Respiration Pattern Recognition System

In this study, we propose a method to find an optimal combination of hyperparameters to improve the accuracy of respiration pattern recognition in a 1D (Dimensional) convolutional neural network (CNN). The proposed method is designed to integrate with a 1D CNN using the harmony search algorithm. In an experiment, we used the depth of the convolutional layer of the 1D CNN, the number and size of kernels in each layer, and the number of neurons in the dense layer as hyperparameters for optimization. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method provided a recognition rate for five respiration patterns of approximately 96.7% on average, which is an approximately 2.8% improvement over an existing method. In addition, the number of iterations required to derive the optimal combination of hyperparameters was 2,000,000 in the previous study. In contrast, the proposed method required only 3652 iterations.

A novel respiration pattern biometric prediction system based on artificial neural network

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a novel respiration pattern-based biometric prediction system (BPS) by using artificial neural network (ANN). Design/methodology/approach Respiration patterns were obtained using a knitted piezoresistive smart chest band. The ANN model was implemented by using four hidden layers to help achieve the best complexity to produce an adequate fit for the data. Not only did this study give a detailed distribution of an ANN model construction including the scheme of parameters and network layers, ablation of the architecture and the derivation of back-propagation during the iterations but also engaged a step-based decay to systematically drop the learning rate after specific epochs during training to minimize the loss and increase the model’s accuracy as well as to limit the risk of overfitting. Findings Findings establish the feasibility of using respiratory patterns for biometric identification. Experimental results show that, with a learning rate drop factor = 0.5, the network is able to continue to learn past epoch 40 until stagnation occurs which yielded a classification accuracy of 98 per cent. Out of 51,338 test set, the model achieved 51,557 correctly classified instances and 169 misclassified instances. Practical implications The findings provide an impetus for possible studies into the application of chest breathing sensors for human machine interfaces in the area of entertainment. Originality/value This is the first time respiratory patterns have been applied in biometric prediction system design.

SEASONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF EXTERNAL RESPIRATION PATTERN IN STUDENTS WITH DIFFERENT CHRONOTYPES

The objective of the paper is to analyze the external respiration pattern in students with morning, afternoon and evening types of activity at rest and after monotonous mental work load during the day in the spring-summer and autumn-winter seasons. Materials and Methods. The authors examined three chronotypes: eveningness with a delayed sleep period (owls), morningness with an advanced sleep period (larks) and indifferent or asynchronous chronotype (pigeons). The individual chronotype was determined using Horne and Ostberg morningness-eveningness questionnaire in Putilov’s modification and Moskovchenko questionnaire. In the morning, afternoon and evening spirography was used to record external respiration in the normal condition and after monotonous mental load. Changes in the volume and time spirogram parameters were analyzed. Results. It was found out that “pigeons” and “larks” demonstrated more evident seasonal and daily external respiration dynamics if compared to “owls”. In “pigeons”, the initial values of the breathing pattern parameters and their changes during monotonous mental stress in the daytime and evening hours in the autumn-winter period were higher than in the spring-summer period. In “larks”, similar seasonal differences in the respiration pattern were also observed at rest and under load, but only in the morning and in the evening. In “owls,” the reaction of external respiration seasonal dependence to work was more evident in the evening in the autumn-winter period. Conclusion. The data obtained reflect the chronotypic dependence of seasonal and circadian changes in external respiration. Based on the results of the study, we can talk about various influence of respiratory reactions on the mechanisms of labor adaptation in people with morning, afternoon and evening types of activity in different seasons. Keywords: breathing pattern, seasonal changes, chronotypes, monotonous load, students. Цель. Анализ паттерна внешнего дыхания у студентов с утренним, дневным и вечерним типами активности в условиях покоя и после монотонной умственной нагрузки в разное время дня весенне-летнего и осенне-зимнего периодов года. Материалы и методы. Объектом исследования являлись студенты – «жаворонки», «голуби» и «совы». Индивидуальный хронотип испытуемых определяли с помощью теста Хорна–Остберга в модификации Путилова, а также анкетирования по Московченко. Внешнее дыхание регистрировали методом спирографии утром, днем и вечером в исходном состоянии и после выполнения монотонной умственной нагрузки. Анализировали изменения объемных и временных показателей спирограммы. Результаты. Выявлено, что «голубям» и «жаворонкам» свойственна более выраженная по сравнению с «совами» сезонная и дневная динамика внешнего дыхания. У «голубей» исходные значения параметров паттерна дыхания и их изменения при монотонной умственной нагрузке в дневные и вечерние часы в осенне-зимнем периоде были больше, чем в весенне-летнем. У «жаворонков» подобные сезонные различия паттерна дыхания также отмечались в покое и при нагрузке, но в утреннее и вечернее время суток. У «сов» сезонная зависимость внешнего дыхания проявлялась в виде доминирования его реакций на работу в вечернее время дня осенне-зимнего периода года. Заключение. Полученные данные отражают хронотипическую зависимость сезонных и циркадианных изменений внешнего дыхания. На основании результатов исследования можно говорить о разном вкладе дыхательных реакций в механизмы трудовой адаптации у лиц с утренним, дневным и вечерним типами активности в различные сезоны года. Ключевые слова: паттерн дыхания, сезонные изменения, хронотипы, монотонная нагрузка, студенты.