The Role of Technology Usage in Mediating Intellectual Capital on SMEs Performance During the Covid-19 Era

This study examines technology in mediating human capital, customer capital, and organizational capital on SMEs' performance during Covid-19. To test the hypothesis, the PLS-SEM method was applied. Data collection was conducted by sharing questionnaiers to 150 owners of small industrial cluster in East Java, Indonesia.The empirical results show that human capital and technology usage directly affect significantly on SMEs' performance. Furthermore, technology usage has a significant influence in mediating human capital on firms' performance. We provide implications for using technology for practice and using a socio-technical approach by SMEs to face challenges related to their work organization in response to COVID-19 while maintaining their activities. We hope that our reflection will be a source of thought for scholars and practitioners to explore further using technology for SMEs to secure business continuity during COVID-19.JEL Classification: O2, O34, M21How to Cite:Faisol, Astuti, P., Winarko, S. P. (2021). The Role of Technology Usage in Mediating Intellectual Capital on SMEs Performance During the Covid-19 Era. Etikonomi, 20(2), xx – xx. https://doi.org/10.15408/etk.v20i2.20172.

GOVERNMENT EFFORTS TO IMPLEMENT THE GREEN BUILDINGS MARKET IN DKI JAKARTA

Green buildings are very important and become a necessity that is environmentally friendly, this research was conducted to analyze the government's efforts to implement the market with buildings through aspects that influence it such as intellectual capital (human capital, organizational capital, customer capital) and governance. Sampling was carried out randomly through the distribution of questionnaires carried out in a number of markets spread across the DKI Jakarta area as a population, so that the results of research observations obtained a number of 170 samples filled in by market managers from different regions. Multiple linear regression and statistical hypothesis testing t are analyzes used to test hypotheses with data analysis tools using SPSS software. The research concludes that the dimensions of intellectual capital, namely human capital and organizational capital, have a significant positive effect, while customer capital and governance do not have a significant effect on market implementation with green buildings. The limitation of the study is that the sample used at random has not been able to conclude the overall results, In addition, the questionnaire submitted has the potential to be inconsistent with existing facts because of the possibility of subjectivity that can occur.

Mathematical Modeling of Intellectual Capital and Business Efficiency of Small and Medium Enterprises

Our paper aims at testing the impact of separate elements of the intellectual capital (IC) represented for instance by the human, structural, and customer capital, on the functioning and performance of the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) using mathematical modeling. We assess the intellectual capital with respect to the resource-based view theory. Our study is based on the data obtained from the 206 surveys with the representatives of small and medium-sized enterprises from Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries. We employed a mathematical modeling approach as well as the SPSS application package in order to test our hypotheses about the influence of intellectual capital on the enterprise’s efficiency. Our results helped us to determine that the concept of intellectual capital is practically not used in the management of small and medium-sized enterprises in CIS countries. It becomes apparent that individual techniques for managing intellectual resources can only be identified intuitively, based on an in-depth analysis of the current tasks facing managers. These findings confirmed the positive impact of intellectual capital on the performance of small and medium-sized enterprises in the conditions of the economies in transition represented hereinafter in our paper by CIS countries, but only with the availability of financial resources and with some important reservations.

Intellectual capital and firm efficiency of US multinational software firms

PurposeThe main purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the impact of intellectual capital efficiency on US multinational software companies' performance from 2012 to 2016 by applying data envelopment analysis (DEA).Design/methodology/approachIt adopts a new slacks-based measure (SBM) to obtain a more accurate performance estimation and rank between companies. Regression analysis is used to test the overall IC and each of its elements (Human Capital, Innovation Capital, Process Capital and Customer Capital).FindingsThe univariate result shows that multinational companies are more efficient than non-multinational companies. However, the regression result shows that multinationality can hardly explain the firm efficiency of software firms. Another interesting finding is that intellectual capital has a positive and significant impact on software firm performance in the US human capital influences firm efficiency directly. However, when human capital is combined with the other elements of IC, the contribution of human capital becomes less significant. This is because people may think that innovation capital, process capital and customer capital can replace human capital, but it is not. In short, human capital may affect firm efficiency through other elements of IC (innovation capital, process capital and customer capital) as it is the base of other elements.Research limitations/implicationsThe results show that multinational companies have higher efficiency scores than non-multinational companies. In addition, Intellectual capital has a positive and significant impact on software firm performance in the US human capital influences firm efficiency directly. However, when human capital is combined with the other elements of IC, the contribution of human capital becomes less significant. This is because people may think that innovation capital, process capital and customer capital can replace human capital, but it is not. In short, human capital may affect firm efficiency through other elements of IC (innovation capital, process capital and customer capital) as it is the base of other elements.Practical implicationsOverall, the study highlights the needs of having intellectual capital and its elements (Human Capital, Innovation Capital, Process Capital and Customer Capital) to increase firm efficiency.Originality/valueFirst, the authors use a more comprehensive elements of IC, which are human capital, innovation capital, process capital and customer capital for a better IC measurement. Second, this study makes the first attempt using the DSBM model via DEA to examine the operating efficiency of US multinational software firms.

Modal Intelektual dan Pengungkapan Tanggung Jawab Sosial

Empirical testing of the correlation of intellectual capital and disclosure of social responsibility with, structural capital, customer capital, human capital is the purpose of this study. Companies that are included in the LQ45 list of the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2015-2017 period are used as samples in this study, and the purpose sampling method is used to collect samples. Multiple regression analysis technique is used through SPSS to analyze a data. Based on the previous study, it is concluded that human capital positively affects the disclosure of social responsibility, at the same time, neither structure_capital nor customer capital has any impact on the disclosure of social responsibility. The results of this study are in line with resource-based theory, legitimacy theory, and resource dependency theory. These theories believe that every company has different and unique resources, which can add a sustainable competitive advantage to the survival of the company, but companies as organizations rely on Strengths to provide resources and use them in their operations. Keywords: Intellectual Capital; Disclosure of Social Responsibility.

RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AND SME'S PERFORMANCE

Purpose of the Study: This study aimed at investigating the level of tangible and intangible resources management of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) entrepreneurs that affect the business unit performance. Methodology: The population used in this study was 300 entrepreneurs and executives representing businesses in Pakistan's production and service sectors. This study was quantitative, and data was collected through questionnaires related to business performance. There were three factors of intangible resource management, i.e., human capital management, relationship capital management, and customer capital management. Data were analyzed using structural equation modelling. Principal Findings: The outcomes indicated that human capital management and customer capital management positive and significant influence on the business performance of SMEs, whereas no influence on capital management. Technology capital management fully mediates the association between human capital management and customer capital management. Applications of the study: This study is useful in strategic management and implementation to build relation capital among approximately 6 million business units of SMEs and micro SMEs in Pakistan, which will lead to the strong foundations of the country. Novelty/Originality of this study: The present study examined the resources management practices of SMS across the country for the first time that indicates that how efficient resource management practices influence the performance of business units and entrepreneurs in a developing economy like Pakistan.

Impact of firm's intellectual capital on firm performance: a study of Indian firms and the moderating effects of age and gender

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to empirically examine the impact of Indian firms' intellectual capital on firm performance, as well as the moderating effects of age and gender therein.Design/methodology/approachThe research initially develops a theoretical model, through extant works and theories, which is subsequently empirically validated using the partial least square structural equation modeling technique with 328 respondents from 12 Indian firms.FindingsThe study concludes that specific dimensions of firms' intellectual capital, including structural capital, human capital and customer capital, positively and significantly impact firm performance, which in turn provides the firm competitive advantages. The study also finds that there are significant moderating effects of age and gender on the relationship between firm's intellectual capital and firm performance.Research limitations/implicationsFurther to its evident contribution to scholarly knowledge and its provision of a validated model, which could be used in other emerging and developed markets as well, the research provides valuable practicable directions to firm executives regarding the importance and utilization of the structural, human and customer capital in improving firm performance and strengthening its competitive edge.Originality/valueThe study adds valuable knowledge to the body of literature on intellectual capital, through its explicit empirical findings, as well as through its focus on the significant emerging market of India.