diaminodiphenyl sulfone
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2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Hoon Lee ◽  
Badar Kanwar ◽  
Chul Joong Lee ◽  
Consolato Sergi ◽  
Michael Coleman

Abstract This study investigated leprosy patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) treated with dapsone (4,4’-diaminodiphenyl sulfone, DDS) as a cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway and neuroinflammasome competitor. We searched the Sorokdo National Hospital medical records and the National Health Insurance Service in South Korea with the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 code and Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) from January 2005 to June 2020. Four groups were defined: Treatment (T) 1: DDS prescription (+) AD prevalence (+), T 2: DDS (+) AD nondiagnosed (-), T 3: DDS nonprescription (-) AD (+), T 4: DDS (-) AD (-). The T1:T3 tests demonstrate that the incidence of AD is significantly reduced in the presence of dapsone among AD patients. The T1:T3 tests demonstrate that the incidence of AD is significantly reduced in the presence of dapsone among AD patients. T1 (M = 0.18, SD = 0.074):T2 (M = 0.55, SD = 0.14) and T3 (M = 0.18, SD = 0.074):T4 (M = 0.55, SD = 0.14) explain that dapsone effects on AD can be clearly distinguished according to its presence or absence.The T1:T4 and the T2:T3 test demonstrate a causal relationship in which the presence or absence of dapsone determines the onset of AD. The T1:T3 test proved that the incidence of AD was significantly reduced by dapsone. (The t-value is -23.1, p-value is < .00001, significant at p < .05) The T2:T3 test proved that the prevalence of AD was significantly high without dapsone, and without AD was increased with dapsone. (The t-value is -6.38, p-value is < .00001, significant at p < .05) AD is increased in the absence of dapsone. Our study has demonstrated that dapsone has the potential for the prevention of AD. This study indicates that dapsone is a valid preventive therapeutic for AD. KEYWORD: Neuroinflmmasome, Alzheimer's disease, Dapsone


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (20) ◽  
pp. 6312
Author(s):  
Morad M. El-Hendawy ◽  
Asmaa M. Kamel ◽  
Mahmoud M. A. Mohamed ◽  
Rabah Boukherroub ◽  
Jacek Ryl ◽  
...  

The present work aimed to assess six diaryl sulfide derivatives as potential corrosion inhibitors. These derivatives were compared with dapsone (4,4′-diaminodiphenyl sulfone), a common leprosy antibiotic that has been shown to resist the corrosion of mild steel in acidic media with a corrosion efficiency exceeding 90%. Since all the studied compounds possess a common molecular backbone (diphenyl sulfide), dapsone was taken as the reference compound to evaluate the efficiency of the remainder. In this respect, two structural factors were examined, namely, (i) the effect of replacement of the S-atom of diaryl sulfide by SO or SO2 group, (ii) the effect of the introduction of an electron-withdrawing or an electron-donating group in the aryl moiety. Two computational chemical approaches were used to achieve the objectives: the density functional theory (DFT) and the Monto Carlo (MC) simulation. First, B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) model chemistry was employed to calculate quantum chemical descriptors of the studied molecules and their geometric and electronic structures. Additionally, the mode of adsorption of the tested molecules was investigated using MC simulation. In general, the adsorption process was favorable for molecules with a lower dipole moment. Based on the adsorption energy results, five diaryl sulfide derivatives are expected to act as better corrosion inhibitors than dapsone.


Author(s):  
Jong-hoon Lee ◽  
Chul Joong Lee ◽  
Jungwuk Park ◽  
So Jeong Lee ◽  
Su-hee Choi

<b><i>Aim/Background:</i></b> This review investigated a patient with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treated with 4,4’-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) as a neuroinflammasome competitor. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We monitored AD’s progression through numeric clinical staging (NCS) with a new biomarker. NCS was determined by the presence of AD symptoms and neuropsychiatric (NP) symptoms caused by anti-AD (AAD) drugs (D) as a biomarker. We also monitored the function of DDS for stroke in a no-intake emergency state. <b><i>Results:</i></b> By introducing (D), AD’s progression was monitored through NCS staging. AAD side effects and neuropsychiatric symptoms were identified. DDS was stopped in patients with stroke with NCS 6 caused by AAD, and it rapidly proceeded to cerebral infarct. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> AAD can occasionally exacerbate AD and stroke. DDS can alleviate mild cognitive impairment (MCI), early AD and stroke. We clinically confirmed the role of DDS as a neuroinflammasome competitor after stroke. DDS preserved neuronal survival within 24–55 h in the Seoul Study cohort.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JONG HOON LEE ◽  
Chul Joong Lee ◽  
Jungwuk Park ◽  
So Jeong Lee ◽  
Su-hee Choi

Abstract Aim/Background: This Review investigated a patient with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treated with 4,4’-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) as a neuro-inflammasome competitor.Methods: We monitored AD’s progression through Numeric Clinical staging (NCS) with a new biomarker. NCS was determined by the AD symptoms and neuropsychiatric (NP) symptoms caused by anti-AD drugs (AAD) as a biomarker (D). We also monitored the function of DDS for Stroke in a no-intake emergency state.Results: By introducing (D), AD's progression was monitored through NCS staging; AAD side effects and neuropsychiatric symptoms were distinguished. DDS was stopped in the Stroke with NCS 6 by AAD, and it rapidly proceeds to cerebral infarct.Conclusions: AADs can occasionally exacerbate AD and Stroke. DDS can alleviate mild cognitive impairment (MCI), early AD and Stroke. We clinically confirmed the role of DDS as a neuro-inflammasome competitor after Stroke. DDS keep neuronal survivals within 24 - 55 hours in the Seoul cohort.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-hoon Lee

Aim/Background: This Review investigated a patient with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) treated with 4,4’-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) as a neuro-inflammasome competitor.Methods: We monitored AD’s progression through Numeric Clinical staging (NCS) with a new biomarker. NCS was determined by the AD symptoms and neuropsychiatric (NP) symptoms caused by anti-AD drugs (AAD) as a biomarker (D). We also monitored the function of DDS for Stroke in a no-intake emergency state.Results: By introducing (D), AD's progression was monitored through NCS staging; AAD side effects and neuropsychiatric symptoms were distinguished. DDS was stopped in the Stroke with NCS 6 by AAD, and it rapidly proceeds to cerebral infarct.Conclusions: AADs can occasionally exacerbate AD and Stroke. DDS can alleviate mild cognitive impairment (MCI), early AD and Stroke. We clinically confirmed the role of DDS as a neuro-inflammasome competitor after Stroke. DDS keep neuronal survivals within 24 - 55 hours in the Seoul cohort.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koya Fukunaga ◽  
Ken Kato ◽  
Takuji Okusaka ◽  
Takeo Saito ◽  
Masashi Ikeda ◽  
...  

Variability in the enzymatic activity of N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) is an important contributor to interindividual differences in drug responses. However, there is little information on functional differences in N-acetylation activities according to NAT2 phenotypes, i.e., rapid, intermediate, slow, and ultra-slow acetylators, between different substrate drugs. Here, we estimated NAT2 genotypes in 990 Japanese individuals and compared the frequencies of different genotypes with those of different populations. We then calculated in vitro kinetic parameters of four NAT2 alleles (NAT2∗4, ∗5, ∗6, and ∗7) for N-acetylation of aminoglutethimide, diaminodiphenyl sulfone, hydralazine, isoniazid, phenelzine, procaineamide, sulfamethazine (SMZ), and sulfapyrizine. NAT2∗5, ∗6, and ∗7 exhibited significantly reduced N-acetylation activities with lower Vmax and CLint values of all drugs when compared with NAT2∗4. Hierarchical clustering analysis revealed that 10 NAT2 genotypes were categorized into three or four clusters. According to the results of in vitro metabolic experiments using SMZ as a substrate, the frequencies of ultra-slow acetylators were calculated to be 29.05–54.27% in Europeans, Africans, and South East Asians, whereas Japanese and East Asian populations showed lower frequencies (4.75 and 11.11%, respectively). Our findings will be helpful for prediction of responses to drugs primarily metabolized by NAT2.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-hoon Lee ◽  
Chul Joong Lee ◽  
Jungwuk Park ◽  
So Jeong Lee ◽  
Su-Hee Choi ◽  
...  

Abstract Aim/Background: This study investigated patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) treated with 4,4’-diaminodiphenyl sulfone (DDS) as a neuro-inflammasome competitor. Method: The Seoul study analyzed AD, and anti-AD drugs (AADs) in the Sorokdo National Hospital's EDI database archived from January 2005 to June 2020 through the ICD-9 and -10 codes. Result: DDS acts as a neuro-inflammasome competitor; this effect can be inferred by comparing the prevalence of AD in patients who have been prescribed DDS and those who have not. Conclusion: This study suggests the use of neuro-inflammasome therapy as a preventive and therapeutic method for AD.


Author(s):  
Saki Iga ◽  
Yorihisa Kotobuki ◽  
Yukinobu Nakagawa ◽  
Ichiro Katayama ◽  
Manabu Fujimoto

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