Application of a Geotextile in the Treatment of Post-Subsidence in Karst Areas

The use of a geotextile to treat subgrade subsidence after subsidence has occurred is investigated in this paper. To optimize the anchorage length and buried depth of the geotextile and evaluate the influences of the two factors on subgrade subsidence treatment, finite element analysis is performed and validated with existing model tests. The soil pressure, displacement, tensile force and deformation of the geotextile are studied. The results showed that the geotextile prevented an upward development of subsidence and stabilized the upper soil. The increase of the anchorage length of the geotextile transferred greater soil pressure from the subsidence to a stable area, induced a greater tensile force in the geotextile, and resulted in less soil displacement. As the anchorage length of the geotextile increased from 375 mm to 1500 mm, the surface settlement was effectively reduced from 1.05% to 34.18% when comparing to the situation without a geotextile. As the buried depth of the geotextile increased from 2 m to 6 m, the percentage of surface settlement was effectively reduced from 29.14% to 65.91% when comparing with the settlement corresponding to a buried depth of 2 m. It is suggested that the anchorage length of a geotextile should be the length of the subsidence with respect to width and that the buried depth of the geotextile should be 3–4 m for subsidence treatment. This provides insight into the treatment of sinkholes using geosynthetic approaches in karst areas.

Research on the Potential of Front Wheel Steering Control for Vehicle Dynamics Control

The development of active steering control technology not only provides key actuators for intelligent vehicle motion control, but also expands vehicle stability and safety. This paper studies the potential control ability of the front-wheel steering control to the vehicle plane dynamics, and the controllable area boundary is designed on the phase plane of side slip angle and yaw rate. Previous studies have defined a dynamics stable area on the vehicle states phase plane, in which the vehicle state can autonomously return to a stable equilibrium point. The area outside the stable area are divided into the controllable area and the uncontrollable area in this paper. In the controllable area, the front-wheel steering control has the ability to pull the vehicle states back towards the stable area. Considering actuator constraints and model errors, based on the principle of safety design, a band-shaped critical area is designed to separate the controllable area from the uncontrollable area, and the linear mathematical model of the controllable area boundary is designed. In order to verify the rationality of the controllable area definition, nonlinear model predictive controller is designed to control the vehicle outside the dynamics stable area. The controller uses the high-fidelity nonlinear vehicle model and the magic formula tire model as the state equation constraints, and the practical steering actuator constraints are used as the control input constraints, and the nonlinear numerical optimization solver is used to solve the optimal steering input sequence. The phase plane analysis of the controlled vehicle verifies the rationality of the controllable area defined in this paper.

Late Cretaceous–Paleocene transition from calcareous platform to basinal deposition in western Chiapas, Mexico: Opening of the Chiapanecan embayment

ABSTRACT Tracing the evolution of the Cretaceous shelf margin of the southwestern Gulf of Mexico reveals a relatively stable area in northeastern Chiapas, Mexico, northern Guatemala and Belize, and the Yucatán Peninsula, where carbonate and evaporite platform conditions prevailed from the Aptian until at least the Paleocene. The area was flanked by zones of greater subsidence, where platform thickness reached several thousand meters and where foredeep depocenters were established due to collision of the Great Antilles arc with the passive margin of North America. Foredeep deposition initiated as early as the Maastrichtian in central Guatemala and in the Paleocene in Chiapas and south Petén, Guatemala. Northwestern Chiapas was characterized by a relatively deep basin and by southward retreat of the shelf break from the Albian to Maastrichtian. The retreat can be traced by the occurrence of periplatform slope facies. During the Santonian–early Campanian lowstand, the periplatform slope is thought to have become a bay, herein called the Chiapanecan embayment. Slope conditions reached the Tuxtla area (western Chiapas) in the Campanian, ultimately connecting Paleocene foreland basins with the Gulf of Mexico basin. Whereas the foredeep in Guatemala and Belize (Sepur and Toledo formations) was constrained by a backstop produced by the southernmost stable Yucatán platform (Lacandón Formation), the Tuxtla basin (Soyaló and Nanchital formations) was connected to the Gulf of Mexico, potentially allowing Paleocene bypass of sediment sourced in the colliding Great Antilles arc.

Research on the Complexity of Game Model about Recovery Pricing in Reverse Supply Chain considering Fairness Concerns

A reverse recycling supply chain consisting of two recyclers is established in this paper, which takes into account the fact that the recyclers will consider the issue of fair concern in pricing. The paper discusses the local stability of the Nash equilibrium point in this price game model showing that the fair concern factors will reduce the stable area of the system. The paper also discusses the impacts of the sensitivity of the recovery price and the price cross coefficient on the stable area of the system. Through the method of system simulation and use of some indicators, such as the singular attractor, bifurcation diagram, attraction domain, power spectrum, and maximum Lyapunov exponent, the characteristics of the system at different times will be illustrated.

SYSTEM OF ACTIVE STABLING FOR HORSES

Horses are animals, which are naturally accustomed to all day movement and grazing with their herd. But the typical modern stabling of horses usually looks like so that a horse is 23 hours per day in a box alone. The welfare of horses is very bad in such case, but it is very comfortable for its keepers. Now, a new technology is available on market presenting a compromise for both sides - for the horses and for the human. 'System of active stabling' allows the horses to move freely in paddock and stable area. Each horse has a chip which communicates with the sensors placed on the requisite point and it also sends information to the operating computer. Feeding is done by feeding stations, in which a number and composition of the feed can be set for each individual animal. Thus, breeder has always a review available of how much his horse walked or how much of feed ate. And he has the option to direct horse choice, too.

Defining Stable Touch Area Based on a Large-Screen Smart Device in 3D-Touch Interface

<p><span lang="EN-US"><span style="font-family: Gulim; font-size: medium;">Touch interface technologies for mobile devices are essentially in use. The purpose of such touch interfaces is to run an application by touching a screen with a user’s finger or to implement various functions on the device. When the user has an attempt to use the touch interface, users tend to grab the mobile device with one hand. Because of the existence of untouchable areas to which the user cannot reach with the user’s fingers, it is possible to occur for a case where the user is not able to touch a specific area on the screen accurately. This results in some issues that the mobile device does not carry out the user’s desired function and the execution time is delayed due to the wrong implementation. Therefore, there is a need to distinguish the area where the user can stably input the touch interface from the area where the users cannot and to overcome the problems of the unstable touch area. Furthermore, when the size of the screen increases, these issues will become more serious because of an increase in the unstable touch areas. Especially, an interface that receives position and force data like 3D-touch requires the stable area setting different from the conventional 2D-touch. In this paper, we search and analyze the stable touch areas on the large screen where the user can do 3D-touch inputs.</span></span></p>

Application of 2D spatial imaging method for identification of a fault lines and subsurface landslide at “Taman Unnes”, Semarang, Indonesia

In the last five years, landslide occurred many times in this area. The worst landslide was in 2014, which destroyed many houses and infrastructure such as road, water supply utilities and electricity. This study proposed an identification of landslide method by using of geo electricity as subsurface investigation of landslide. This study aims to identify the type of landslide and slip surface potential by using emergence of 2D spatial imaging. The application of geophysical has not been used as a result of landslide identification. The well-known argument state that geophysical is the only way to make images on the type and rock by using resistivity. The geological and soil physical properties required by engineers to analyse landslide potential are not well presented. As a consequence, the solution of soil reinforcement on landslide prone area to minimize the risk is presented as an engineering judgment of problem solving. Therefore, this paper discusses about soil properties and imaging to identify the area affected by future landslide. By using a multi-electrode electrical array, the 2D geophysical imaging was used to investigate the complex structure of soil stratigraphy and geological properties. The results showed that the area of the study was shown as a stable area with andesite intrusion. In addition, some areas were suspected as landslide prone area which was indicated resources by saturated clay of soil beneath.