Two-Player Location-Price Game in a Spoke Market with Linear Transportation Cost

This paper investigates the location game of two players in a spoke market with linear transportation cost. A spoke market model has been proposed, which is inspired by the Hotelling model and develops two-player games in price competition. Using two-stage (position and price) patterns and the backward guidance method, the existence of price and location equilibrium results for the position games is proved.

Farmer exchange rate category: A Prediction analysis using ANN back propagation

The Farmer Exchange Rate (FER) is one of the indicators in determining the welfare level of farmers. Every month this large FER has a change especially at the end of each season during harvest, the price game especially from producers often occurs so that not a few farmers complain and suffer losses. Therefore, there need to be efforts from the government is looking at past data trends to find the amount of FER in the future so that policies can side with farmers. Artificial Intelligent with a multilayer Back Propagation method is very good for modeling and forecasting of data series in the past with data input in the form of a matrix mxn. The simulation results show that in 2020 in NTB there is an average increase in the exchange rate of farmers of 118.76%, this means that farmers are experiencing a surplus or farmers’ incomes are rising more than their expenditures. However, it appears that from June-August and October-November there was an average decrease of 2%, although overall there was increase of 2.076%. This result was obtained by the construction of a network architecture of two hidden layers where theMSE of 0.12, and MAPE of 0.23.

Location-Price Equilibria when Traditional Retailers Compete Against an Online Retailer

We consider a location-then-price game where two traditional retailers compete with a location-irrelevant online retailer. We characterize the existing equilibria, and we show that in any possible equilibrium there is direct competition between the traditional retailers. Furthermore, the traditional retailers locate at neither a maximal nor minimal distance. In equilibrium, the price of the online retailer might be higher or lower than the price of the traditional retailers, depending on the relative competitiveness of the online retailer and the traditional retailers.

Location-Price Game in a Dual-Circle Market with Different Demand Levels

This paper researches a location-price game in a dual-circle market system, where two circular markets are interconnected with different demand levels. Based on the Bertrand and Salop models, a double intersecting circle model is established for a dual-circle market system in which two players (firms) develop a spatial game under price competition. By a two-stage (location-then-price) structure and backward induction approach, the existence of price and location equilibrium outcomes is obtained for the location game. Furthermore, by Ferrari method for quartic equation, the location equilibrium is presented by algebraic expression, which directly reflects the relationship between the equilibrium position and the proportion factor of demand levels. Finally, an algorithm is designed to simulate the game process of two players in the dual-circle market and simulation results show that two players almost reach the equilibrium positions obtained by theory, wherever their initial positions are.

The Influence of Price, Game Attractiveness, and Audience Preference on the Decision of Purchase Home Match Tickets Persib Bandung in Liga 1 Year 2019

Football club in Indonesia income sources consist of four sectors, ranging from sponsorships, television broadcasting rights, sales of official club merchandise, and sales of match tickets. Match tickets are one source of income for a professional sports team. This study aims to determine the effect of price, game attractiveness, and audience preference on the decision to buy tickets for Persib Bandung home match in Liga 1Year 2019. The data used in this study are primary data by distributing questionnaires to 400 peoples. The sample selection used in this study is a probability sampling method, with the Proposional Stratified Sampling technique. The sample will be divided into several categories based on the position of the stadium seating stands chosen by the respondents. The criteria for respondents determined by the researcher were ticket buyers for Persib Bandung home matches in Liga 1 Year 2019. The analysis technique used is multiple linear regression analysis. The results obtained from multiple linear regression analysis are price, game attractiveness, and audience preference simultaneously affect the decision to buy tickets for Persib Bandung home match in Liga 1 Year 2019. Price and audience preference variables partially influence the purchasing decision for Persib Bandung home match tickets in Liga 1 Year 2019. However, game attractiveness partially has no effect on the decision to purchase for Persib Bandung home match in Liga 1 Year 2019. This research is expected to be reference to choose which variable is better used in future studies. For organizing committee, this research can be a reference to increase sales of Persib match ticket sales in the following year's competition.

Dynamic Analysis of Duopoly Price Game Based on Low-Carbon Technology Sharing

Taking the carbon emissions per unit product as the standard to measure the low-carbon technology level of the enterprise, this article analyzed how the technology supplier enterprises realize low-carbon production and achieve a win-win situation for both supply and demand through technology sharing through technology research and development. Based on the positive effect of low-carbon technology level on product demand, we studied the optimal pricing strategy and the optimal low-carbon technology level in the technology supply enterprises under the Stackelberg game in 3 conditions (i.e., without technology research and development or technology sharing, with technology research and development but no technology sharing, and with both technology research and development and technology sharing). We also drew a comparative analysis of the optimal product price, the optimal low-carbon technology level, and the optimal profit in the three scenarios. Besides, by constructing a delayed differential price game model, we studied the equilibrium strategy of price competition between technology supply and demand companies and the local asymptotic stability of the game system at the equilibrium point. In addition, the effects of delay strategy on game equilibrium strategy, the influence of the degree of adjustment of decision variables on the stability of the game system, and the stability of the game system on the evolution trend of the game are also explored. By comparing and analyzing the game results of the oligopoly enterprises in the stable system and the unstable system, it confirmed that the system instability usually causes serious harm to the enterprise.

Dynamic Analysis and Chaos Control of Bertrand Triopoly Based on Differentiated Products and Heterogeneous Expectations

Price competition has become a universal commercial phenomenon nowadays. This paper considers a dynamic Bertrand price game model, in which enterprises have heterogeneous expectations. By the stability theory of the dynamic behavior of the Bertrand price game model, the instability of the boundary equilibrium point and the stability condition of the internal equilibrium point are obtained. Furthermore, bifurcation diagram, basin of attraction, and critical curve are introduced to investigate the dynamic behavior of this game. Numerical analysis shows that the change of model parameters in a dynamic system has a significant impact on the stability of the system and can even lead to complex dynamic behaviors in the evolution of the entire economic system. This kind of complex dynamic behavior will cause certain damage to the stability of the whole economic system, causing the market to fall into a chaotic state, which is manifested as a kind of market disorder competition, which is very unfavorable to the stability of the economic system. Therefore, the chaotic behavior of the dynamical system is controlled by time-delay feedback control and the numerical analysis shows that the effective control of the dynamical system can be unstable behavior and the rapid recovery of the market can be stable and orderly.