Experimental and Numerical Study of Surface Roughness of Thin Brass Wire Processed by Different Dieless Drawing Processes

This paper examines the surface roughness of a thin brass wire (140–200 microns in diameter) after two dieless drawing (DD) processes, i.e., conventional dieless drawing (CDD) and incremental dieless drawing (IDD). In incremental dieless drawing, small increments in deformation were applied in several passes. It has been proven that the IDD process not only has a greater efficiency but also enables obtaining a wire with significantly lower surface roughness. The explanation for these effects is based on the results of the numerical modeling of both compared processes. The developed numerical model takes into consideration the initial roughness of the wire surface, shape and dimensions of grains, and their diversified mechanical properties. Nanoindentation measurements, microstructure, and plastometric studies allowed us to find the effective flow stress distribution in the grains. The IDD process was found to be much more stable and develop a much more uniform distribution of grain strain than the CDD process. More homogeneous deformation results in surface roughness reduction. Approximately 25–30% reduction in surface roughness of the wire produced by the IDD process was predicted by simulations and confirmed experimentally.

Taguchi Optimization In Machining Inconel 600 With WEDM Process Using Cryogenically Treated Brass Wire

Wire electric discharge machining (WEDM) is one amongst the unconventional machining processes which might cut all kinds of shapes with an accuracy of +/−0.001mm. It will cut the materials that conduct electricity and can even cut the exotic metals like tungsten carbide, Hastelloy, Inconel etc. In the present work, machining on Inconel 600 by wire EDM with cryogenically treated brass wire is performed. Brass wire of 0.25mm diameter has been cryogenically treated at −90°C, −100°C and −110°C temperatures separately. An Experimental layout is designed as per Taguchi’s L-9 orthogonal array and experiments were conducted by varying machining parameters viz. Voltage, Pulse ON time and Pulse OFF time. The machining parameters are optimized using Taguchi’s methodology for minimum surface roughness and maximum metal removal rate (MRR). A Mathematical regression model for surface roughness and MRR is generated with the help of regression analysis. Through the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) It was found that for MRR, pulse on time is the foremost contributing factor with 32.69% and for surface roughness, pulse off time is the foremost contributing factor with 23.59%.

A Study of Anatomical Shape of arch projected by Alveolar Process of Maxillary and Mandibular Bone

Introduction: Maxilla and Mandible have an alveolar process that bears socket for root of teeth. When the teeth fall or gets extracted there is resorption of alveolar process. The teeth alignment determines the shape of alveolar process. The objectives of the study was to assess the distribution pattern of anatomical shape of arch projected by alveolar process in Maxilla and Mandible and to compare the anatomy of arch amongst the population of Aryan and Mongoloid communities. Methodology: A total number of 856 people with intact anatomy of alveolar arch were included in the study. Anatomy of alveolar arches were assessed and noted for all. The brass wire was contoured according the shape of alveolar arch of patients and the shape was observed and noted down. Result: The study result showed there was significant difference in frequency distribution of ‘U’, ’V’ and ‘Ovoid’ shape alveolar arch form in maxilla and mandible. There was significant difference in distribution of ‘U’ and ‘V’ shape alveolar arch form in maxilla and ‘U’, ‘V’ and ‘Ovoid’ shape arch form in mandible between mongoloid and Aryan communities. Conclusion: ‘U’shape alveolar arch was seen more frequently in mandible where as “V” shape and ‘Ovoid’ shape arch in maxilla. ‘U’ shape alveolar arch was more frequently seen in Mongoloid communities and ‘V’ shape was more frequently seen in Aryan communities. There was no significant difference in comparison of frequency percentage of various types of arch form between the Male and Female.