An Analytical Review of Existing Supermarket Billing Systems

Retail shops and stores form part of the nation’s business sector involved in selling and providing several goods and services. The main objective was to study and analyse existing supermarket billing systems and possibly identify their weaknesses and strengths. This will enable us to generate an RFID billing system that is unique and even more advantageous than the existing systems. The methodology used was qualitative involving hard and soft document reviews and observational experiments. Findings revealed that there are several billing systems which include the manual price tag system where a mini-computer (calculator) is used to sum up the total bill per customer at a time, the barcode reader system, the smart chart with store cards, and the ‘smart shopping cart. It was noted that these have the advantage of giving confidence all the items are counted, paid for, save time and are cheap to use. However, they are also associated with several weaknesses like long waiting time (queues), the systems require a lot of human effort to read the barcodes which is not efficient, barcode systems sometimes fail to read, possible human errors while entering information, possible cheating through wrongly-fed information and the desynchronization effects because of the unreliable network. This was an awareness drive about the existing supermarket billing systems in order to enhance further studies on better ones

Design and Implementation of a Low-Cost Universal RFID Wireless Logistics Terminal in the Process of Logistics Traceability

The logistics traceability system can cover the whole process of the product from the source of production to the consumption cycle. By distinguishing the key nodes of the product in the logistics sales process, the data information of the production and storage of the corresponding product is collected and entered at the corresponding node, so that the entire process is visible and controllable. On the basis of determining the overall system plan, this paper designs and develops the UHF RFID reader system and traceability system platform. In terms of the reader system, by analyzing its core functions and performance index requirements, the overall design scheme and frame structure of the reader system’s software and hardware are determined. The main control circuit is based on the STM32F103RET6 single-chip microcomputer; the RF transceiver circuit is based on the MagicRF M100. Simultaneously, we design a variety of communication circuits including LoRa and RJ45 to facilitate wireless communication with the traceability platform. In terms of software, through the research and analysis of the EPC Class-1 Generation-2 protocol standard, the multitag anticollision algorithm—Q algorithm—is adopted. This algorithm has the advantages of high recognition efficiency and a large number of successfully recognized tags per unit time. According to the design plan, the system is wirelessly networked in the B/S mode and the product information collected through RFID technology is transmitted to the management level to dynamically understand the information dynamics of logistics in real time. Using radio frequency, computer network, communication, and other technologies, the hardware and software systems of the system are integrated. The performance indicators of the hardware system are tested through experiments, and the design indicators are compared to prove the feasibility of the equipment application. After setting up the local area network and configuring the server configuration, the traceability system was accessed and the verification of the basic functions of the system was completed. The test results show that the low-cost universal RFID wireless logistics terminal has high accuracy and real-time performance in the process of logistics traceability.

Qr Code Reader System Assisted With Face Detection Using Multi Webcam

Informasi yang terdapat pada QR Code dapat dibaca dengan alat pemindainya. Alat pemindai yang digunakan berupa kamera yang terkoneksi ke sistemnya, contohnya webcam. Saat sekarang ini, alat pemindai akan bekerja secara otomatis jika mendeteksi objek QR Code tersebut. Pada penelitian ini, alat pemindai QR Code yang sudah ada akan dikembangkan dengan menambahkan deteksi wajah manusia di dalam sistemnya, yang mana proses memindai dan mendeteksi akan berjalan secara bersamaan di satu sistem. Tanpa deteksi wajah maka sistem tidak bisa bekerja. Metode penelitian yang dipakai adalah jenis research and development (R&D). Sistem yang dihasilkan terdiri dari server penghasil gambar QR Code dan sistem pemindai dengan dua webcam. Fungsi server adalah untuk mendaftarkan informasi yang akan disimpan ke gambar QR Code. Untuk akses ke server menggunakan browser, sedangkan pada sistem pemindai menggunakan aplikasi yang dibuat dengan bahasa pemrograman Processing. Antara server dan sistem pemindai terkoneksi secara otomatis ketika mengekstrak informasi yang ada pada gambar QR Code. Jarak baca agar sistem pemindai bekerja adalah antara 10 cm sampai dengan 55 cm.