Portal Hypertensive Biliopathy in Adult Patients: Findings and Interventional Radiologic Treatment—A Single-Center Experience

The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphologic appearance, the clinical scenario, and the outcomes of patients with portal hypertensive biliopathy (PHB), particularly in the symptomatic subgroup treated with interventional radiology (IR) procedures. The outcome of 20 patients with PHB were retrospectively reviewed over a 5-year period. In all cases, the extrahepatic portal vein occlusion (EHPVO) and the compensatory cavernomatosis was the cause of PHB. Eight out of 20 patients had severe symptoms (jaundice and bleeding). Five out of these eight patients were successfully treated with IR procedures. PHB is a rare but serious complication of PH from EHPVO. IR treatments are highly effective in controlling symptoms. Moreover, IR procedures, as drainage and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement, are the first-line treatment in cases of life-threatening bleeding from ruptures of the varices.

Spontaneous Ectopic Choroid Plexus with Sclerosis in Adult Beagle Dogs

Microscopic examination of the brain of adult Beagle dogs from four different general toxicity studies revealed the presence of ectopic choroid plexus tissue in six individual dogs (4 females and 2 males) with ages ranging from 12 to 18 months. In each dog, this finding was characterized by a well-circumscribed mass localized to a region above and along the corpus callosum without any apparent compression of adjacent brain tissue. Each mass was composed of columnar ependymal cells forming tubular structures surrounded by variable amounts of fibrovascular connective tissue and had the appearance of small rests of ependymal cells that had been penetrated by the leptomeninges during neural development. There were no associated clinical signs or macroscopic correlates. Based on morphologic appearance, a diagnosis of spontaneous ectopic choroid plexus with secondary sclerosis was made. To the authors’ knowledge, ectopic choroid plexus has not been reported in Beagle dogs and is rare in humans and horses.

Multiple Bilateral Unerupted Supplemental Premolars: An Unusual Presentation in a Nonsyndromic Patient

ABSTRACT Supernumerary teeth are one of the routinely encountered developmental disturbances representing one or more extra teeth in the jaws. These may resemble the teeth of the group to which it belongs, i.e., molars, premolars, or incisors, or it may bear little or no resemblance. Based on the morphologic appearance, it is classified as supplemental teeth or rudimentary teeth. The supplemental teeth are those that resemble the teeth to which it is associated and rudimentary teeth are those that do not resemble the teeth. Supplemental teeth, most of the times, are associated with syndromes and they can also be present in the absence of systemic pathology. Literature reveals predilection of the presence of supplemental premolars of 2:1 in males. This is the case report of a 14-year-old male who presented with multiple unerupted bilateral supplemental premolars on both the arches. How to cite this article Satish V, Panda S, Maganur P, Ahmed A. Multiple Bilateral Unerupted Supplemental Premolars: An Unusual Presentation in a Nonsyndromic Patient. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(2):217-222.

Ex Vivo Artifacts and Histopathologic Pitfalls in the Lung

Context Surgical and pathologic handling of lung physically affects lung tissue. This leads to artifacts that alter the morphologic appearance of pulmonary parenchyma. Objective —To describe and illustrate mechanisms of ex vivo artifacts that may lead to diagnostic pitfalls. Design In this study 4 mechanisms of ex vivo artifacts and corresponding diagnostic pitfalls are described and illustrated. Results —The 4 patterns of artifacts are: (1) surgical collapse, due to the removal of air and blood from pulmonary resections; (2) ex vivo contraction of bronchial and bronchiolar smooth muscle; (3) clamping edema of open lung biopsies; and (4) spreading of tissue fragments and individual cells through a knife surface. Morphologic pitfalls include diagnostic patterns of adenocarcinoma, asthma, constrictive bronchiolitis, and lymphedema. Conclusion Four patterns of pulmonary ex vivo artifacts are important to recognize in order to avoid morphologic misinterpretations.