Dynamics of development of rural blacksmith craft in Rus

It is impossible to obtain a full-fledged description of the industrial culture of Rus without studying the role of rural handicrafts. The research on the vector of development of rural blacksmith craft is of great interest, in particular, the extent to which this vector reflects the dynamics of urban craft. It was established that rural craftsmen did not only supply raw materials to urban craft centres and produce technologically simple products, but also embraced technological innovations. The accumulated analytical data made it possible to suggest the coinciding dynamics of the development of urban and rural handicrafts. The authors conducted a comparative analysis for such a category of objects as knives, which is one of the most numerous groups of iron tools. The article shows a complex picture of the chronological distribution of technological patterns for making knives on rural sites. It is concluded that the rural blacksmith craft in Rus was in constant development.

Bambúes de clima templado: una nueva opción de cultivo industrial en Chile = Temperate climate bamboos: a new option of industrial culture in Chile

En el año 2007, con el financiamiento de FONDEF-CONICYT, el Instituto Forestal inició el proyecto "Adaptación de especies de bambú de clima templado en Chile". Su objetivo es evaluar, mediante el establecimiento de plantaciones experimentales en Isla de Pascua y entre las regiones de Santiago y Aysén la adaptabilidad y crecimiento de 28 especies exóticas de bambú de clima templado, más 2 especies autóctonas usadas como testigos. Las especies fueron seleccionadas de acuerdo a características de crecimiento y condiciones ambientales de sus lugares de origen, usando la experiencia de distintos especialistas, revisión bibliográfica y análisis con software especializado. Posteriormente en las plantaciones se evaluará el número de brotes, dimensiones de los culmos (altura total y diámetro a 10 cm sobre el suelo), sobrevivencia y estado sanitario. Se espera que la adaptación y plantación industrial de nuevas especies de bambú se convierta en una fuente adicional de ingresos para los agricultores, generándoles materias primas industriales y permitiendo su utilización para construcción, tutores, cercos, fabricación de muebles, alimento y otros usos potenciales, presentando además la ventaja adicional sobre las rotaciones forestales tradicionales, de poder ser cosechados anualmente.

Universe of the mind of the mass musical culture XX century

The article deals with the system of signs developed in the mass musical culture of the XX century. Analyzing the specifics of mass musical culture, the author notes that the factors of social and urban development of society, technological innovations, and trends in the visualization of culture as the main means of communication in various formats, including within the semiotic system of mass music of the XX century, are determining for it in the XX century. The types of signs are analyzed: iconic, index, symbolic, represented within the semiotic system of mass music. The author concludes, that the semiosphere of mass musical culture covers verbal and nonverbal, kinesthetic signs, representing a powerful system of multi-dimensional communication of subjects of the communication process in the conditions of modern post-industrial culture.

An industrial culture is the path to company success

A year ago, the enterprises of the Eurasian Recourses Group (Eurasian Group), Republic of Kazakhstan, launched the implementation of a production system, which we called ERG Way. This is the way to increase the efficiency of the company and its processes, not only production, but also all accompanying - management, processes related to procurement, repairs, financial transactions. The ERG Way project is strategic, and the Group's management has high hopes on it, expecting tangible results from its implementation, including financial ones. But the most important goal of the production system is to change the culture of the company by creating conditions for employees in which they will not only work comfortably and safely, but also improve their efficiency and that of their enterprises on a daily basis.

The Indian World of a German Writer: «The Rebellion of the Hanged» by B. Traven

The article is devoted to the study of the work of the German writer B. Traven in the context of the problems of Indianism. The purpose of the article is to explore the poetic foundations of the novel «The Rebellion of the Hanged» («Die Rebellion der Gehenkten, 1936), to analyze the artistic world based on the pre-revolutionary struggle of the autochthonous Indian culture and industrial culture of the heirs of European colonialists. The article clarifies the biographical context of the writer's immersion in the reality of an exotic country. The article considers Ukrainian publications of the 1960s about the mysterious figure of the writer, developing a hypothesis about the connection between B. Traven and the Bavarian revolutionary activist Reat Marut. It is noted that the revolutionary orientation is determinative for the Indianist poetics of the novel «The Rebellion of the Hanged». A distinction between the terms «indianismо» and «indigenismo» in the study of the writer's creative heritage is proposed. The problems of the journalistic book by B. Traven «Land of Spring» («Land des Frühlings», 1928), the materials of which served to create the Indian imagery of the Kaoba-cycle, including the analyzed novel, are investigated. The poetic principles of «The Rebellion of the Hanged» are described: the plot-compositional structure, chronotope, the characteristics of the main and secondary characters are given, the imaginative and lexical-stylistic features of the novel are analyzed. The symbolism of the novel's title is analyzed: from tortured «animals» the Indians turn into a revolutionary mass, relentless and cruel in their revenge. It is determined that the uniqueness of B. Traven's indigenіst novel is due to its direction to the German recipient. Indigenous images of the novel acquire universal significance, and the Indian appears as an «another», whose fate allows us to understand the essence of European culture. B. Traven appears as an artist who embodies the problem of «other» in its intercultural dimension.