Non-melanoma skin cancer and premalignant conditions

This chapter describes the diagnosis, non-surgical treatment, and surgical treatment of non-melanoma skin cancers, such as basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, and others.

Case Report: Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Pancreas With High PD-L1 Expression: A Rare Presentation

Primary pancreatic squamous cell carcinoma is sporadic. The diagnosis is usually made following surgery or needle biopsy and requires a thorough workup to exclude metastatic squamous cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas often has a very poor prognosis. There is no treatment guideline for this type of cancer, and to date, no therapeutic regimen has been proven effective. Here, we report the effectiveness of immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy against locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the pancreas with high programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression. Regional intra-arterial infusion chemotherapy consisting of nab-Paclitaxel followed by gemcitabine infused via gastroduodenal artery every three weeks for two cycles. This therapy resulted in the depletion of carcinoma, and the patient continues to lead a high-quality life with no symptoms for more than 16 months.

BCC Management

In the case of a suspicious mole on the skin, the question always arises as to whether it is benign or malignant. Is it a harmless mole, a capillary malformation or a basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma or even a melanoma? Often the nevus can be assessed just by a close examination of the lesion and a few questions about its origin. However, every dermatologist knows all too well the problem that very different lesions can look extremely similar to the naked eye and even on dermatoscopy. Therefore, the question arises: how should dermatology deal with and communicate in such cases? This article identifies ways forward in this difficult situation, which occurs tens of thousands of times a day around the globe.

What dermatologists should communicate

In the case of a suspicious skin mole, the question always arises as to whether it is benign or malignant. Is it a harmless mole, a capillary malformation or a basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma or even a melanoma? Often the nevus can already be assessed by a close examination of the lesion and a few questions regarding its development. But most important: the patients need to be informed about their condition in a simple but professional way.

Case report on a very rare tumour of the urinary bladder: paraganglioma

Urinary bladder tumours are usually of three types; urothelial carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Urothelial carcinoma is the most common type of bladder carcinoma and accounts for almost 90% of all bladder carcinoma. It is also known as transitional cell carcinoma. Squamous cell carcinoma accounts for 4% and adenocarcinomas 2% of all bladder carcinomas. Urinary bladder paragangliomas are a very rare variety of bladder tumours which account for less than 0.06% of all bladder tumours. They are clusters of neuroendocrine cells associated with sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Paragangliomas are tumours arising from these chromaffin cells. They are most commonly seen in the head and neck and account for about 70% of all paragangliomas. The same type of tumour when found in the adrenal glands is referred to as a pheochromocytoma. Paraganglioma is usually seen in the age group of 30 and 50 years. The tumour is often slow growing and benign. These tumours may be functional or non-functional. Functional ones present with symptoms of catecholamine excess, which include hypertension, palpitations, diaphoresis, headache, and post-micturition syncope.

Techniques in the Safe Use of Polycaprolactone in Structural Rhinoplasty

ABSTRACT Objective: To present a rare case of primary intraosseous carcinoma arising from the mandible and to discuss the ensuing course and the management of the patient. Methods: Design: Case Report Setting: General Tertiary Government Training Hospital Patient: One Result: A 56-year-old man consulted for a right mandibular mass of 4 months that started as a small bony swelling which gradually increased to its present size of 8 x 6 cm. Incisional biopsy revealed invasive squamous cell carcinoma and the patient underwent segmental mandibulectomy and bilateral selective neck dissection (levels 1 to 3). Final histopathologic findings revealed squamous cell carcinoma. Conclusion: Primary intraosseous carcinoma of the mandible was diagnosed since there was no overlying mucosal ulceration, other types of odontogenic carcinoma were ruled out, and no other distant primary tumor was noted from the time of examination until six months post-treatment. Keywords: primary intraosseous carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma; odontogenic tumor; epithelial rest of Malassez; dental lamina

Reconstruction of dorsum of nose after excision of basal cell carcinoma

<p>Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma are the most common malignant tumors of the face. The paramedian forehead flap is the standard reconstructive choice for closing large-sized defects of the distal half of the nose. A melolabial interpolation flap and bilobed or trilobed flaps are another option. The dorsal nasal (Rieger) flap is suitable at this location for the closure of small-sized defects, particularly when they are located medially. Here we are discussing an ulcus rodens case we observed in an elderly patient which was treated with a Rieger’s flap.</p>

Mohs Surgery versus Standard Local Excision for Basal Cell Carcinoma, Squamous Cell Carcinoma, and Melanoma Skin Cancer

Basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and melanoma represent the three most common skin cancers that occur on the face. The most common surgical treatments for facial skin cancers are Mohs surgery and standard local excision. The effective utilization of either of these techniques is based on tumor and patient risk stratification incorporating known risk factors for occult invasion and local recurrence, combined with patient comorbidities, expectations, and desires. Best available evidence highlights multiple and consistent risk factors for each specific skin cancer type, and dictate local control rates reported in the literature. Recognizing gaps in the literature, we compare and review surgical treatment guidelines and data for standard local excision versus Mohs surgery for cutaneous nonmelanoma and melanoma skin cancer. This article serves as a resource for optimal therapeutic decision making for surgical management of skin cancer on the face.