Numerical simulation of dropwise condensation over hydrophobic surfaces using vapor-diffusion model

Dropwise condensation of humid air over hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces is numerically investigated using a phenomenological, Lagrangian model. Mass flux through droplets free surface is predicted via a vapor-diffusion model. Validation with literature experimental data is successfully conducted at different air humidities and air velocities. The accuracy of the implemented condensation model is compared with a standard analogy between convective heat and mass transfer, showing that the latter is not able to predict heat transfer performances in the investigated air velocity range.

Atomically resolved interfacial water structures on crystalline hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces

Hydration layers are formed on hydrophilic crystalline surfaces immersed in water.

Optimization of Nodule and Height Sizes for Mixed Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Surfaces

Patterned surfaces of hydrophobic and hydrophilic materials are considered to sustain dropwise condensation, providing the benefits of both materials and creating a surface with a low energy barrier for nucleation and capable of sustaining dropwise condensation. Surface heights, nodule sizes, and flow rates are evaluated on square-patterned surfaces to maximize mass collection. A thermal model is used to assess surface performance and includes an equivalent thermal resistance for diffusion. Flow rates of 15, 25, 50, and 100 m/s with nodule sizes between 0.1 mm to 3.6 mm are evaluated. Surface heights of 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 m are also assessed. For flow rates greater than 50 m/s, turbulent flow optimum nodule size is between 0.2 mm and 0.6 mm. Surfaces greater than 1 m in height at flow rates less than 50 m/s maximize mass with nodule sizes of 1.4 mm and 2 mm.