lithium ion cells
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2022 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 103855
Author(s):  
Samppa Jenu ◽  
Ari Hentunen ◽  
Jari Haavisto ◽  
Mikko Pihlatie

2022 ◽  
Vol 521 ◽  
pp. 230952
Author(s):  
Jochen Stadler ◽  
Carsten Krupp ◽  
Madeleine Ecker ◽  
Jochen Bandlow ◽  
Bernd Spier ◽  
...  

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Marita Pigłowska ◽  
Beata Kurc ◽  
Łukasz Rymaniak

The main purpose of this work is to illustrate the flame retardant properties of corn starch that is used as an additive to the classic electrolytes in lithium-ion cells. The advantages of using natural biomass include the increased biodegradability of the cell, compliance with the slogan of green chemistry, as well as the widespread availability and easy isolation of this ingredient. Due to the non-Newtonian properties of starch, it increases work safety and prevents the occurrence of thermal runaway as a shear-thinning fluid in the event of a collision. Thus, its use may, in the future, prevent explosions that affect electric cars with lithium-ion batteries without significantly degrading the electrochemical parameters of the cell. In the manuscript, the viscosity test, flash point measurements, the SET (self-extinguishing time) test and conductivity measurements were performed, in addition to the determination of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the anode system. Additionally, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, for both flow and conductivity, were determined for a deeper analysis; this constitutes the scientific novelty of this study. Through mathematical analysis, it was shown that the optimal amount of added starch is 5%. This is supported primarily by the determined kinetic and thermodynamic parameters and the fact that the system did not gel during heating.


Author(s):  
K. Johnson ◽  
J. Pushparajan ◽  
PM. Anjana ◽  
Sumol V Gopinadh ◽  
V. Anoopkumar ◽  
...  

2022 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 117747
Author(s):  
Johannes Sieg ◽  
Alexander U. Schmid ◽  
Laura Rau ◽  
Andreas Gesterkamp ◽  
Mathias Storch ◽  
...  

Clean Energy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 853-860
Author(s):  
Gaurav Pratap Singh ◽  
Yash Lehri ◽  
Lakshay Bhatia ◽  
Yogesh Sehgal

Abstract Safe and efficient operation of batteries is always desired but batteries with a high energy density pose a threat to the system causing thermal breakdown, reduced performance and rapid ageing. To reduce such vulnerabilities, an optimum environment with controlled parameters is required. Four parameters have been considered for analysis, i.e. state of charge, current, voltage and temperature. The module makes a detailed analysis of the above-mentioned parameters and suggests a microcontroller-based prototype that is capable of monitoring the external factors in real time and generating relevant warnings.


Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 3448
Author(s):  
Alexandra Meyer ◽  
Fabian Ball ◽  
Wilhelm Pfleging

To increase the specific capacity of anodes for lithium-ion cells, advanced active materials, such as silicon, can be utilized. Silicon has an order of magnitude higher specific capacity compared to the state-of-the-art anode material graphite; therefore, it is a promising candidate to achieve this target. In this study, different types of silicon nanopowders were introduced as active material for the manufacturing of composite silicon/graphite electrodes. The materials were selected from different suppliers providing different grades of purity and different grain sizes. The slurry preparation, including binder, additives, and active material, was established using a ball milling device and coating was performed via tape casting on a thin copper current collector foil. Composite electrodes with an areal capacity of approximately 1.70 mAh/cm² were deposited. Reference electrodes without silicon were prepared in the same manner, and they showed slightly lower areal capacities. High repetition rate, ultrafast laser ablation was applied to these high-power electrodes in order to introduce line structures with a periodicity of 200 µm. The electrochemical performance of the anodes was evaluated as rate capability and operational lifetime measurements including pouch cells with NMC 622 as counter electrodes. For the silicon/graphite composite electrodes with the best performance, up to 200 full cycles at a C-rate of 1C were achieved until end of life was reached at 80% relative capacity. Additionally, electrochemical impedance spectroscopies were conducted as a function of state of health to correlate the used silicon grade with solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and charge transfer resistance values.


Batteries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Marco Ströbel ◽  
Julia Pross-Brakhage ◽  
Mike Kopp ◽  
Kai Peter Birke

Tracking the cell temperature is critical for battery safety and cell durability. It is not feasible to equip every cell with a temperature sensor in large battery systems such as those in electric vehicles. Apart from this, temperature sensors are usually mounted on the cell surface and do not detect the core temperature, which can mean detecting an offset due to the temperature gradient. Many sensorless methods require great computational effort for solving partial differential equations or require error-prone parameterization. This paper presents a sensorless temperature estimation method for lithium ion cells using data from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy in combination with artificial neural networks (ANNs). By training an ANN with data of 28 cells and estimating the cell temperatures of eight more cells of the same cell type, the neural network (a simple feed forward ANN with only one hidden layer) was able to achieve an estimation accuracy of ΔT= 1 K (10 ∘C <T< 60 ∘C) with low computational effort. The temperature estimations were investigated for different cell types at various states of charge (SoCs) with different superimposed direct currents. Our method is easy to use and can be completely automated, since there is no significant offset in monitoring temperature. In addition, the prospect of using the above mentioned approach to estimate additional battery states such as SoC and state of health (SoH) is discussed.


2021 ◽  
pp. 2102599
Author(s):  
Sven Klein ◽  
Jens Matthies Wrogemann ◽  
Stefan van Wickeren ◽  
Patrick Harte ◽  
Peer Bärmann ◽  
...  

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