Aplikasi Metode American Productivity Center (APC) Dan Analisis Fishbone diagram Untuk Meningkatkan Produktivitas

UKM Kerupuk Acoy is a small and medium business engaged in the production of kerupuk and kemplang which has been established since 2012. After conducting interviews it was found that there were internal problems caused by a decrease in productivity, namely the use of resources that were not yet efficient so that although there was an increase in sales but the benefits are not maximized. To overcome this, it is necessary to apply the APC method to see which inputs have an index below 100% so that improvements are needed to increase productivity. The results of data processing showed a decrease in productivity levels material, energy, and capital inputs. Using fishbone diagram analysis, the root cause of the problem was found, namely low material productivity due to waste of raw materials for flour and cooking oil as well as too dense kerupuk dough form and making kemplang dough rolls too large, low energy productivity due to gas waste due to infrequent cleaning of stove fires, and low productivity. capital because the amount of working capital used is not proportional to the output produced. The solutions to increase productivity that have been implemented are cleaning the stove fire after use, reducing working capital, reducing the size of the cracker print and the diameter of the kemplang rolls, and paying attention to the use of flour and cooking oil so as not to spill on the floor. After implementation, there was an increase in the productivity of material, energy, and capital inputs respectively by 6.28252%; 6.28278%; and 0.05713% which causes an increase in output productivity of 6.283%.

Consumer culture, precarious incomes and mass indebtedness: Borrowing from uncertain futures, consuming in precarious times

In recent years, labour markets have been characterised by stagnant wages, reduced incomes and growing insecurity supplemented by the ongoing proliferation of outstanding payment obligations at almost all levels of economy and society. We draw upon current debates in social and economic theory to explore the disconnect between the deterioration of late capitalism’s distributive measures and the relative vitality of consumer cultures, suggesting that the latter relies substantially on immaterial, credit-based payment means to bridge the gap between the fundamental fantasy of ‘more and better’ and the decline of material productivity denoted by base rate of profit. We then use this disconnect as a breach-point for an in-depth interdisciplinary discussion of the substantive and ideological function of credit.

RAW MATERIAL PRODUCTIVITY OF CALENDULA OFFICINALIS IN THE FOREST STEPPE OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION

Регуляторы роста растений являются одной из самых перспективных групп пестицидов, достоинства которых состоят в том, что они безвредны, экологически безопасны и высокоэффективны при низких нормах расхода биологически активных веществ полифункционального действия. Препаратом, обладающим такими свойствами, является Циркон, производимый на основе растительного сырья эхинацеи пурпурной. В связи с этим, целью исследований является установление влияния способов применения Циркона на сырьевую продуктивность календулы лекарственной сорта Кальта в условиях неустойчивого увлажнения лесостепи Среднего Поволжья. На черноземно-луговой почве в 2018-2020 гг. коллекционного участка ФГБОУ ВО Пензенский ГАУ заложен однофакторный опыт по способам использования препарата. Самым засушливым по условиям увлажнения (ГТК – 0,61) был первый год проведения эксперимента, два следующих – характеризовались недостаточным увлажнением. Сбор сырья по годам исследований продолжался 43, 63, 87 дней соответственно. В среднем за три года стимулирование семян и растений Цирконом увеличило количество соцветий на 5…18 шт./растение, причем их максимум наблюдался от сочетания обработок. Наиболее продуктивными 63,3 г были растения, где дважды использовали препарат Циркон. Масса соцветий в контроле составила 48,4 г/растение. От некорневой подкормки она увеличилась на 5,2 г, а от предпосевной обработки семян на 12,1 г. Урожайность сырья, высушенного при температуре 45…50 ºС, находилась в пределах 1,79…2,72 т/га. Двукратное использование Циркона увеличило сырьевую продуктивность на 0,93 т/га. При однократном применении препарата урожайность возросла до 1,94…2,58 т/га. Причем обработка семян перед посевом оказалась более эффективной, чем некорневая подкормка. Plant growth regulators are one of the most promising groups of pesticides, the advantages of which are that they are harmless, environmentally safe and highly effective at low consumption rates of biologically active substances of multifunctional action. The preparation that has such properties is Zircon. It is produced on the basis of plant raw materials of Echinacea purpurea. In this regard, the purpose of the study is to establish the influence of Zircon-using methods on the raw material productivity of Calendula officinalis of the Kalta variety in the conditions of unstable moistening of the Middle Volga region forest-steppe. In 2018-2020, a single-factor experiment on the methods of using the preparation was conducted on the chernozem-meadow soil site of the Penza State Agrarian University. The first year of the experiment was the driest in terms of moisture conditions (HTC – 0.61). The next two years were characterized by insufficient moisture. Gathering raw materials during the years of research lasted 43, 63, 87 days, respectively. Over three research years, the Zircon stimulation of seeds and plants increased the number of inflorescences by 5...18 pcs./plant. It must be noted that their maximum was observed in a combination of treatments. The most productive (63.3 g) were plants where the Zircon preparation was used twice. The inflorescence mass in the control option counted to 48.4 g/plant. With foliar nutrition, it increased by 5.2 g, and with pre-sowing seed treatment – by 12.1 g. The yield of raw materials, dried at a temperature of 45 ... 50°C, counted in the range of 1.79...2.72 t/ha. The double application of Zircon increased the raw material productivity by 0.93 t/ha. With a single preparation application, the yield increased to 1.94...2.58 t/ha. It must be noted that the pre-sowing seed treatment was more effective than foliar fertilization.

Study of ecological features and productivity of Fragaria orientalis Losinsk. in the conditions of the Pre-Baikal Region

The article presents the results of studies of the ecological characteristics and productivity of raw materials Fragaria orientalis in the cenopopulations of the Pre-Baikal region, a correlation analysis was carried out to establish the nature of the relationship between the indicators of raw material productivity of the studied species.