Differential Expression of Claudin in Odontogenic Cysts

Objective This study aimed to analyze claudin-1, -4, and -7 expression in different types of odontogenic cysts (odontogenic keratocysts [OKCs], dentigerous cysts [DCs], calcifying odontogenic cysts [COCs], and radicular cysts [RCs]) as well as its association with OKC recurrence. Materials and Methods Seventy samples of odontogenic cysts samples were immunohistochemically stained to detect claudin-1, -4, and -7 expression. Patient information and OKC recurrence data were recorded. The staining was analyzed semiquantitatively and categorized based on the pattern and percentage of positively stained cystic epithelial cells. Statistical Analysis Expression of different claudins between groups was analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's test, followed by post hoc pairwise comparison. The association between claudin expression and OKC recurrence was analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U test. Correlations among claudin expression were examined with Spearman's correlation coefficient. Level of significance was at p < 0.005. Results Claudin-1 was widely expressed in every odontogenic cyst. Most DCs (50%) expressed claudin-1 in more than 75% of cells, as did RCs (65%), while most OKCs (50%) expressed claudin-1 in 26 to 50% of cells. Most COCs (50%) expressed claudin-1 in 51 to 75% of cells. Every sample of OKC and RC was positive for claudin-4, but no sample showed staining in more than 51% of cells. Every odontogenic cyst was positive for claudin-7. DCs (35%), OKCs (55%), and RCs (40%) mostly showed staining in 26 to 50% of cells. High claudin-1 expression was shown in COCs, DCs, and RCs, while low expression of claudin-4 was shown in every odontogenic cyst. For claudin-7, the expression is high only in COCs. Claudin-1 and -4 was significantly different among each odontogenic cyst. High expression of claudin-1 was correlated with OKC recurrence. The correlations of claudin-1 with claudin-7 expression and claudin-4 with claudin-7 expression were significant in DCs. In COCs, claudin-1 and claudin-7 expression was significantly correlated. Conclusions The expression of claudin-1, -4, and -7 was present in every odontogenic cyst, but the proportion of positive staining cells was different. Expression of claudin-1 is associated with OKC recurrence. Dysregulation of claudin expression may play a pathogenic role in cyst pathogenesis.

Odontogenic Keratocyst in Anterior Mandible: A Case Report

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a non-inflammatory developmental odontogenic cyst arises from cell rest of the dental lamina and most commonly occurs in the posterior of the mandible. OKC may be detected in patients of various age groups, from infants to seniors, and usually occurs in the third and fourth decades of the patient’s life. Female to male prevalence is 2:1 respectively. Mandible makes up 60% to 80% of cases and shows a specific tendency to involve the ramus and posterior area. Detection of OKC through clinical exams and radiography is to be suspected, and thus, confirmation via histopathology is needed. This study describes the occurrence of this lesion in a rare location in a 36 years old female patient.

Evaluating the Checklist for Artificial Intelligence in Medical Imaging (CLAIM)-Based Quality of Reports Using Convolutional Neural Network for Odontogenic Cyst and Tumor Detection

This review aimed to explore whether studies employing a convolutional neural network (CNN) for odontogenic cyst and tumor detection follow the methodological reporting recommendations, the checklist for artificial intelligence in medical imaging (CLAIM). We retrieved the CNN studies using panoramic and cone-beam-computed tomographic images from inception to April 2021 in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science. The included studies were assessed according to the CLAIM. Among the 55 studies yielded, 6 CNN studies for odontogenic cyst and tumor detection were included. Following the CLAIM items, abstract, methods, results, discussion across the included studies were insufficiently described. The problem areas included item 2 in the abstract; items 6–9, 11–18, 20, 21, 23, 24, 26–31 in the methods; items 33, 34, 36, 37 in the results; item 38 in the discussion; and items 40–41 in “other information.” The CNN reports for odontogenic cyst and tumor detection were evaluated as low quality. Inadequate reporting reduces the robustness, comparability, and generalizability of a CNN study for dental radiograph diagnostics. The CLAIM is accepted as a good guideline in the study design to improve the reporting quality on artificial intelligence studies in the dental field.

The deceptive histomorphology of DGCT – A case report

Dentinogenic ghost cell tumors (DGCTs) are uncommon neoplasms classified as a solid variant of the calcifying odontogenic cyst and defined as a locally invasive neoplasm, characterized histologically by an ameloblastomatous epithelium with an area of ghost cell formation and a varying amount of dentinoid. Herein, we present the case of a 22-year old man who was referred to us due to recurrent swelling of right posterior mandibular region. The diagnosis of a DGCT was made by the use of advanced radiographic imaging and detailed histopathological examination.

The deceptive histomorphology of DGCT – A case report

Dentinogenic ghost cell tumors (DGCTs) are uncommon neoplasms classified as a solid variant of the calcifying odontogenic cyst and defined as a locally invasive neoplasm, characterized histologically by an ameloblastomatous epithelium with an area of ghost cell formation and a varying amount of dentinoid. Herein, we present the case of a 22-year old man who was referred to us due to recurrent swelling of right posterior mandibular region. The diagnosis of a DGCT was made by the use of advanced radiographic imaging and detailed histopathological examination.