Odontogenic Keratocyst in Anterior Mandible: A Case Report

Odontogenic Keratocyst (OKC) is a non-inflammatory developmental odontogenic cyst arises from cell rest of the dental lamina and most commonly occurs in the posterior of the mandible. OKC may be detected in patients of various age groups, from infants to seniors, and usually occurs in the third and fourth decades of the patient’s life. Female to male prevalence is 2:1 respectively. Mandible makes up 60% to 80% of cases and shows a specific tendency to involve the ramus and posterior area. Detection of OKC through clinical exams and radiography is to be suspected, and thus, confirmation via histopathology is needed. This study describes the occurrence of this lesion in a rare location in a 36 years old female patient.

Effectiveness of Non-Surgical and Surgical Periodontal Therapy in Lowering HbA1c in Diabetic Patients

Diabetes is global pandemic disease, a metabolic disorder of multiple etiology that is characterized by chronic hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that is initiated by the accumulation of dental plaque biofilm, within which microbial dysbiosis leads to a chronic, non-resolving and destructive inflammatory response. In the last decades, many studies investigated the impact of periodontal treatment on glycemic control in people with diabetes. The aim of this dissertation is to conduct a review of the published literature to understand the association between periodontal therapy and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values. A search was conducted in PUBMED and of the 277 articles found, only 21 were considered for being more relevant. As has been recognized for some time, the results show a correlation between the two diseases and their link lies in the inflammatory process. In the diabetic patient, this results in higher HbA1c values and a situation that is difficult to control. Being able to control the inflammatory state of the periodontium through oral hygiene protocols and periodontal therapy has several benefits in a complicated clinical picture in situations of poor glycemic control. Non-surgical periodontal therapy proves effective in significantly lowering HbA1c levels in diabetic patients.

Anti-Fungal Effects 0f Ambon Banana Skin Extract (Musa paradisiaca Linn. Var. Sapientum) on Candida albicans ATCC® 10231 ™ (In Vitro)

Introduction: Disease is a global problem for health. One of the most common infectious diseases is a disease caused by fungi (mycosis), a species of Candida (candidiasis) caused by Candida albicans. These bananas are generally often consumed daily by Indonesians. Ambon banana skin extract (Musa Paradisiaca Linn. Var.Sapientum) is a nutritious medicinal plant, because Ambon banana skin waste has active antifungal compounds, namely tannins, flavonoids, quinones, phenols, and steroids. Which can damage fungal cell wall membrane proteins, damage the DNA chain causing brittle cell walls resulting in fungal cell death. Objectives: Research to determine the zone of inhibition, MIC and MBC of Ambon banana skin extract at concentrations of 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% against Candida albicans ATCC® 10231™. Method: Laboratory experimental research with a post test only control group research design, the sample used was 18 samples, tested with the Anova test. In determining the inhibition zone using the well diffusion method, the measurement of the inhibition zone uses the calipers, MIC and MBC using the dilution method. Ambon banana skin was extracted by maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent, carried out 6 treatments with various concentrations. Each treatment was repeated 3 times. Results: The inhibition zone research at concentrations of 100%, 90%, 80%, 70%, 60%, and 50% with an average of 13.2mm 11.6mm 11.3mm, 10.5mm, 9.9mm, 8.3mm. The MIC of each concentration was clear and equalized according to the standard of 0.5 McFarland (1.5 x 108 CFU / ml) with potato dextrose broth medium, and the MBC was emphasized with potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium. Conclusion Inhibition zone concentrations of 100% -70% indicate strong criteria, 60-50% including weak criteria. MIC obtained at a concentration of 50%, MBC at a concentration of 60%. In this study, using a concentration of 70% indicates an average diameter of above 10mm, meaning that it is in accordance with the David and Stout method which states that the criteria are strong at an average of 10-20 mm. a concentration of 70% is used because it is effective in killing Candida albicans ATCC® 10231™, 100% -80% has a high toxicity which can cause toxic effects on all organisms such as the body, fungi, plants, etc.

Inhibition and Removal of Calculus Deposits in a 3-Month Randomized Clinical Trial

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ToothWave™ a novel RF-utilizing toothbrush for inhibition and removal of calculus deposits. Methods: This was a single-blind, double arm prospective study. Subjects were randomized to one of two study groups, receiving either ToothWave™ or a control sonic vibrating toothbrush (Philips Sonicare 4100 Protective Clean), and performed twice-daily brushing during a test period of 12 weeks. Calculus was assessed at Baseline and again after 3, 6 and 12 weeks using the Volpe-Manhold Index (V-MI). Results were compared within each group between the different visits and between the groups; percent change from baseline was also compared between the groups. The differences between groups were compared using Mann Whitney non-parametric model. Differences within each group over time were compared using Friedman’s test followed by Dunn’s test. Results: A total of 87 subjects (42 in the test group and 45 in the control) completed the study, having fully evaluable data. At Baseline, the groups did not differ significantly in the efficacy measurement mean scores. While the control group exhibited a statistically significant increase in calculus levels (p≤0.001) the test group maintained the original baseline levels and exhibited a slight negative percent change in the VMI score as compared to baseline (not significant). Both toothbrushes were well-tolerated and no device related adverse events were reported during the study. Conclusions: The ToothWave™ RF-utilizing toothbrush demonstrated statistically significant calculus reductions when compared to a powered control toothbrush while maintaining the initial calculus levels and preventing the additional calculus accumulations.

Feet Load Distribution in Subjects with Mandibular Rotations

This study was carried out to evaluate the load distribution along the two feet in subjects with rotated mandibles. This study used the Staticus device from Smylist® to map the foot pressure loads after the three jump test. Data was obtained from 20 subjects. The Staticus data was acquired by the Smylist® analytic software and the load distribution patterns were obtained. Subjects were selected so as to have at least 75% of them exhibiting an asymmetrical vertically displaced pattern. The Smylist® concept has presented a logical sequence of events which leads from a rotated mandible to overloading of one leg based on the complexity of the mandibular rotation. This is the first study ever to digitally ascertain the variation in the load patterns. It was found that in the subjects who exhibited a vertical foot position discrepancy also had a discrepancy in the load patterns and mandibular rotations.

L’afrique à L’épreuve de la Pandémie de la Covid-19 Point de Vue Socio-Culturel

Cette brève réflexion relative à l’évolution de la pandémie du COVID-19 dans le monde vise à montrer qu’outre l’important déséquilibre qui existe entre le Nord et le Sud de la planète dans l’accès aux soins et à la vaccination, est de surcroît compliqué par des croyances religieuses et culturelles qui hypothèquent une prise en charge efficiente de la pandémie. L’exemple algérien ici évoqué est de ce point de vue édifiant.

Plunging Ranula as Initial Manifestation of HIV-AIDS: A Case Report and Literature Review

Introduction: Ranulas are defined as the extravasation of mucus into an intraoral cystic cavity produced by an injury to the excretory ducts or the acini of the sublingual gland. Plunging ranulas are generated when the salivary collection penetrates the mylohyoid through a dehiscence of its fibers, invading the submandibular space. The close relationship between these lesions and HIV-AIDS infection has been reported since 2004, with a 75.88% rate of positive cases. The objective of this article is to present the management of patient with a plunging ranula, which made it possible to address the diagnosis of HIV-AIDS. Case Report: A 28-year-old male patient presented with a painless and fluctuating swelling in the laterocervical space and the floor of the mouth, which produced dysphagia and dyslalia. Serological tests for HIV were carried out and had a reactive result. Surgical treatment was performed via intraoral approach, with a favorable evolution at 12 months of follow-up. Conclusion: Ranulas, and particularly plunging ranulas, should be considered in the group of oral lesions associated with HIVAIDS infection, as they may even be the initial manifestation of the disease.

CBCT Dose Reduction to Lens of Eye Using Leaded Glasses

Objectives: The objective of this study was to measure the shielding effect of leaded glasses, tanning glasses with 1/16” Pb shielding and tanning glasses with lead foil in combination with thyroid collar compared with no shielding equipment to the lens of the eye to evaluate the percentage of dose reduction. Methods: A CIRS female phantom head was used to measure the patient radiation dose to the organs of the head and neck from a Morita X800 CBCT using nano Dot optically stimulated luminescent dosimeters (OSL’S) placed at 23 head and neck sites. Leaded glasses, tanning glasses with 1/16” Pb shielding, tanning glasses with lead foil were placed over the phantoms eyes in conjunction with a thyroid collar. No Protective Equipment was used as a control. Radiation was performed using manufacturers predetermined exposure settings. All dosimeters were exposed three times. Radiation dose fractions to various organ sites were determined using reference values from ICRP-89. Organ equivalent doses were based on ICRP-103 tissue weighting factors. Results: The per cent reduction to the lens of the eye for the leaded glasses compared to no Protective Equipment was 49.2%, 44.6% for the tanning glasses with 1/16” Pb shielding and 38.1% for the tanning glasses with lead foil. For all modes of eye wear the highest organ doses were seen in the salivary glands, extrathoracic airway, and the oral mucosa. The use of proper PPE is necessary to protect the eye from possible cataractogenesis. Conclusions: Research on the correlation between cataract formation and ionizing radiation has shown that the dosage and frequency of exposure play a role in damaging the DNA in the lens of the eye. Here we demonstrate that regular leaded glasses and the tanning glasses with 1/16”Pb shielding are about equal in reducing the dose to the lens of the eye. One caviat, the size of the regular lead glasses might interfere with anatomical landmarks while tanning glasses would allow more diagnostic information. Further studies should be performed.

Endodontic Applications of 3 D Printing

3D Printing is a method of additive production supply that includes computing layer next layer to optimal form a target. It is helpful in managed endodontic and accurate cavity preparations. Also, can be practiced for dental pulp recovery by following pulp tissue. Since 3D printing is dependent in an additive manner, it reduces wastage that is usually connected with subtractive methods identified as milling. It performs for significant time conserving as well as is one of the largest free digital media. Moreover, it can be readily used in various situations proceeding for easy applicability as well as versatility to produce multiple images.

Performance of a Universal Adhesive on Etched and Non-Etched Surfaces: Changes in Dentin Permeability

Hybridization process for dentin is well known, but remains a difficult challenge as it is dependent on many factors related to dentin substrate, adhesive nature including its solvent. The development of universal adhesives followed the all-in-one concept of existing one-step self-etch adhesives, thus requiring water in their formulation to ionize hydrophilic acid monomers. Most often, carboxylate and/or phosphate groups are their primary functional monomers [1]. Jee, et al. published in 2016 that ethanol molecules penetrate via increasing solvent accessible surfaces induced by the rearrangement of collagen monomers in the gap region [2]. The aim of this study is to evaluate the discrepancy in dentin permeability after application of a universal adhesive used in self-etching (SE) mode or etch and rinse (E&R) mode, by means of hydraulic conductance measurement.