scholarly journals Differential Expression of Claudin in Odontogenic Cysts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekarat Phattarataratip ◽  
Kraisorn Sappayatosok
Keyword(s):  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Odontogenic Cyst ◽  
Odontogenic Cysts ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Pathogenic Role ◽  
Dentigerous Cysts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Abstract Objective This study aimed to analyze claudin-1, -4, and -7 expression in different types of odontogenic cysts (odontogenic keratocysts [OKCs], dentigerous cysts [DCs], calcifying odontogenic cysts [COCs], and radicular cysts [RCs]) as well as its association with OKC recurrence. Materials and Methods Seventy samples of odontogenic cysts samples were immunohistochemically stained to detect claudin-1, -4, and -7 expression. Patient information and OKC recurrence data were recorded. The staining was analyzed semiquantitatively and categorized based on the pattern and percentage of positively stained cystic epithelial cells. Statistical Analysis Expression of different claudins between groups was analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's test, followed by post hoc pairwise comparison. The association between claudin expression and OKC recurrence was analyzed by the Mann–Whitney U test. Correlations among claudin expression were examined with Spearman's correlation coefficient. Level of significance was at p < 0.005. Results Claudin-1 was widely expressed in every odontogenic cyst. Most DCs (50%) expressed claudin-1 in more than 75% of cells, as did RCs (65%), while most OKCs (50%) expressed claudin-1 in 26 to 50% of cells. Most COCs (50%) expressed claudin-1 in 51 to 75% of cells. Every sample of OKC and RC was positive for claudin-4, but no sample showed staining in more than 51% of cells. Every odontogenic cyst was positive for claudin-7. DCs (35%), OKCs (55%), and RCs (40%) mostly showed staining in 26 to 50% of cells. High claudin-1 expression was shown in COCs, DCs, and RCs, while low expression of claudin-4 was shown in every odontogenic cyst. For claudin-7, the expression is high only in COCs. Claudin-1 and -4 was significantly different among each odontogenic cyst. High expression of claudin-1 was correlated with OKC recurrence. The correlations of claudin-1 with claudin-7 expression and claudin-4 with claudin-7 expression were significant in DCs. In COCs, claudin-1 and claudin-7 expression was significantly correlated. Conclusions The expression of claudin-1, -4, and -7 was present in every odontogenic cyst, but the proportion of positive staining cells was different. Expression of claudin-1 is associated with OKC recurrence. Dysregulation of claudin expression may play a pathogenic role in cyst pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Expression of SOX2 and OCT4 in odontogenic cysts and tumors

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekarat Phattarataratip ◽  
Tarit Panitkul ◽  
Watunyoo Khodkaew ◽  
Pattarapong Anupuntanun ◽  
Jirapat Jaroonvechatam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Types ◽  
Odontogenic Cysts ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Stem Cell Markers ◽  
Aberrant Expression ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Sox2 Expression ◽  
Cells Of Origin ◽  
Dentigerous Cysts ◽  
Patient Prognosis

Abstract Background Aberrant expression of stem cell markers has been observed in several types of neoplasms. This trait attributes to the acquired stem-like property of tumor cells and can impact patient prognosis. The objective of this study was to comparatively analyze the expression and significance of SOX2 and OCT4 in various types of odontogenic cysts and tumors. Methods Fifty-five cases of odontogenic cysts and tumors, including 15 ameloblastomas (AM), 5 adenomatoid odontogenic tumors (AOT), 5 ameloblastic fibromas (AF), 5 calcifying odontogenic cysts (COC), 10 dentigerous cysts (DC) and 15 odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) were investigated for the expression of SOX2 and OCT4 immunohistochemically. Results Most OKCs (86.7 %) and all AFs expressed SOX2 in more than 50 % of epithelial cells. Its immunoreactivity was moderate-to-strong in all epithelial cell types in both lesions. In contrast, SOX2 expression was undetectable in AOTs and limited to the ameloblast-like cells in a minority of AM and COC cases. Most DCs showed positive staining in less than 25 % of cystic epithelium. Significantly greater SOX2 expression was noted in OKC compared with DC or AM, and in AF compared with COC or AOT. OCT4 rarely expressed in odontogenic lesions with the immunoreactivity being mild and present exclusively in OKCs. Conclusions SOX2 is differentially expressed in odontogenic cysts and tumors. This could be related to their diverse cells of origin or stages of histogenesis. The overexpression of SOX2 and OCT4 in OKC indicates the acquired stem-like property. Future studies should investigate whether the overexpression of OCT4 and SOX2 contributes to the aggressive behaviors of the tumors.

scholarly journals Immunohistochemical Expression of CDC7 in Dentigerous Cyst, Odontogenic Keratocyst and Radicular Cyst

2018 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-21
Author(s):  
Zohreh Jaafari-Ashkavandi ◽  
Ahmad Alipour Tuyeh ◽  
Sepideh Assar
Keyword(s):  
Dentigerous Cyst ◽  
Odontogenic Cysts ◽  
Radicular Cyst ◽  
Immunohistochemical Expression ◽  
Serine Threonine Kinase ◽  
Threonine Kinase ◽  
Dentigerous Cysts ◽  
Pathologic Lesions ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Post Hoc

CDC7 is a serine/threonine kinase which has an essential role in initiation of DNA proliferation and S phase. It increases the invasion and proliferation in many pathologic lesions. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of CDC7 in the most common odontogenic cysts. We evaluated 17 dentigerous cysts, 18 odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) and 13 radicular cysts immunohistochemically. The mean expression of CDC7 was analyzed using ANOVA and Post-HOC methods. All specimens revealed CDC7 expression. Higher expression of CDC7 in OKC and radicular cyst was shown in comparison to dentigerous cyst (P < 0.001), while radicular cyst and OKC groups showed no difference in CDC7 expression (P = 0.738). The high expression of CDC7 in OKC suggests that this protein could be related to the higher proliferation rate and invasiveness of OKC. On the other hand, the higher CDC7 expression in radicular cyst may simply be related to inflammation as this cyst is neither aggressive nor invasive.

scholarly journals MASSIVE DENTIGEROUS CYST INVOLVING THE ENTIRE RIGHT MAXILLA - A CASE REPORT

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
K. S Manjunath
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Dentigerous Cyst ◽  
Odontogenic Cyst ◽  
Odontogenic Cysts ◽  
Radicular Cyst ◽  
Impacted Tooth ◽  
Unerupted Tooth ◽  
Dentigerous Cysts ◽  
Enamel Epithelium ◽  
Reduced Enamel Epithelium

The Dentigerous cysts are odontogenic cysts which originates from reduced enamel epithelium in an unerupted tooth or it encloses the crown of an unerupted or impacted tooth at cementoenamel junction, it is estimated to about 20% of all epithelium lined cysts and 2nd most common odontogenic cyst after radicular cyst. Here is a case report of dentigerous cyst of right maxilla which has been discussed below.

scholarly journals Assessment of Hounsfield unit in the differential diagnosis of odontogenic cysts

2020 ◽  
pp. 20200188
Author(s):  
Kyonori Uehara ◽  
Miki Hisatomi ◽  
Luciana Munhoz ◽  
Toshiyuki Kawazu ◽  
Yoshinobu Yanagi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multislice Ct ◽  
Hounsfield Unit ◽  
Odontogenic Cysts ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Ct Scanner ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Dentigerous Cysts ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ct Scanners ◽  
Post Hoc

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of Hounsfield unit (HU) assessment with multislice-CT in the differentiation of radicular cysts (RCs), dentigerous cysts (DCs) and odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs). Methods: In total, 307 odontogenic cysts (RCs, DCs and OKCs) were included in this study. Cysts with lesion diameter <10 mm, cysts with artefacts affecting measurement of HU values, cysts involving infection and recurrent cysts were regarded as exclusion criteria. Images were acquired in three different types of CT scanners: Aquilion ONE, Discovery CT750 HD and SOMATOM Definition Flash. Differences in HU values among scanners and among types of odontogenic cysts were assessed using one-way analysis of variance; multiple comparisons were performed post hoc, using the Tukey–Kramer honestly significant difference test. Results: In total, 164 cysts were analysed in this study (64 RCs, 57 DCs and 43 OKCs). Regardless of the type of lesion, the Aquilion ONE scanner demonstrated a significant difference in HU value, compared with the Discovery CT750 HD scanner. Regardless of CT scanner model, HU values significantly differed between DCs and OKCs (p < 0.0001), as well as between OKCs and RCs (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: HU values were found to vary among CT scanners and should always be associated with other lesion imaging features while interpreting and elaboration diagnostic hypothesis. Notably, the results suggested that OKCs might be able to be differentiated from DCs and RCs by using HU values.

scholarly journals Histopathological subtypes and demographic profile of cystic jaw lesions - A hospital based study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1445-1449
Author(s):  
Arnab Ghosh ◽  
Dilashma GhartiMagar ◽  
Sushma Thapa ◽  
Om Prakash Talwar
Keyword(s):  
Odontogenic Cysts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Odontogenic Keratocysts ◽  
Odontogenic Epithelium ◽  
Dentigerous Cysts ◽  
Epithelial Cysts ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Age Range

Background: Odontogenic cysts are defined as the epithelial cysts which arise from odontogenic epithelium and occur in tooth bearing regions of jaws. The objective of the present study was to analyze different histopathological types of cystic jaw lesions and to determine the distribution of their relative frequency according to site, sex, size and age group. Materials and methods: This study was a cross sectional hospital based observational study conducted in the Department of Pathology, Manipal Teaching Hospital. All cases with cystic jaw lesions on histopathology during the study period from January 2014 to December 2018 were included in the study. Results: Thirty-two cases of cystic jaw lesions were reported during the study period. Females were more commonly affected in our study with a male: female ratio of 1:1.9. The age range in the study was 9 to 71 years with a mean age of 33.3 years. The most frequent type was radicular cysts followed by dentigerous cysts, odontogenic keratocysts and cystic ameloblastoma. Radicular cysts showed the most female predilection with a ratio of 1:4.3. and a mean age of 35.6 years. Majority of dentigerous cysts were seen in patients below 30 years. Both radicular cysts and dentigerous cysts showed more involvement of maxilla but odontogenic keratocysts were more common in mandible Conclusions: The present study corroborate with other similar literature with respect to the frequency percentage of different types of jaw cysts.However, female predilection was seen in radicular and dentigerous cysts. Maxilla was the more common site except in odontogenic keratocysts.

Hostile and Hardened? An Experimental Study on (De-)Sensitization to Violence and Suffering Through Playing Video Games

2008 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frithjof Staude-Müller ◽  
Thomas Bliesener ◽  
Stefanie Luthman
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Physiological Measurement ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Downward Spiral ◽  
Spiral Model ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Game Violence ◽  
First Person Shooter ◽  
Physiological Reactions

This study tests whether playing violent video games leads to desensitization and increased cardiovascular responding. In a laboratory experiment, 42 men spent 20 min playing either a high- or low-violence version of a “first-person shooter” game. Arousal (heart rate, respiration rate) was measured continuously. After playing the game, emotional responses to aversive and aggressive stimuli - pictures from Lang, Bradley, and Cuthbert’s (1999) International Affective Picture System - were assessed with self-ratings and physiological measurement (skin conductance). Results showed no differences in the judgments of emotional responses to the stimuli. However, different effects of game violence emerged in the physiological reactions to the different types of stimulus material. Participants in the high-violence condition showed significantly weaker reactions (desensitization) to aversive stimuli and reacted significantly more strongly (sensitization) to aggressive cues. No support was found for the arousal hypothesis. Post-hoc analyses are used to discuss possible moderating influences of gaming experience and player’s trait aggressiveness in terms of the General Aggression Model ( Anderson & Bushman, 2001 ) and the Downward Spiral Model ( Slater, Henry, Swaim, & Anderson, 2003 ).

Influence of moderate cigarette-smoking on the peri-implant clinicoradiographic inflammatory parameters around cement- and screw-retained dental implants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mana Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Dental Implants ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Inflammatory Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Implant Retention ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Soft Tissue Inflammation ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Adjustment Test

The aim was to assess the influence of moderate cigarette-smoking on the clinical (bleeding on probing [BoP] and probing depth [PD]) and radiographic (crestal bone resorption [CBR]) around cement- and screw-retained dental implants at 5 years’ follow-up. A questionnaire was used to collect information about age, gender, smoking history, duration of implants in function, jaw location of the implant, and daily toothbrushing and flossing. Peri-implant BoP, PD and CBR were measured in all groups. Group comparisons were performed using one-way analysis of variance and for multiple comparisons, the Bonferroni Post hoc adjustment test was performed. Level of significance was set at P&lt;0.05. Forty-eight patients (25 smokers and 23 non-smokers) had cement-retained dental implants; and 48 (24 smokers and 24 non-smokers) had screw-retained dental implants. Among patients with cement and screw-retained dental implants, PD (P&lt;0.05) and CBR (P&lt;0.05) were significantly higher among smokers than non-smokers. The peri-implant sites that demonstrated BoP were statistically significantly higher among non-smokers (P&lt;0.05) than smokers among patients with cement- and screw-retained dental implants. There was no statistically significant difference in peri-implant PD and CBR among smokers with cement- and screw-retained dental implants. Among non-smokers with cement and screw-retained dental implants, there was no statistically significant difference in BoP, PD and CBR. Cigarette-smoking is associated with an increased PD and CBR around cement- and screw-retained dental implants. Cigarette-smoking increases peri-implant soft tissue inflammation as well as loss of crestal bone and this relationship is independent of the type of implant retention protocol used.The author recommends that cement- and screw-retained dental implants are suitable for prosthesis restoration in non-smokers. Further studies on dual-smokers (individuals smoking cigarettes and other forms of tobacco products) are needed related to the clinicoradiographic inflammatory parameters around cement- and screw-retained dental implants

scholarly journals When Does HARKing Hurt? Identifying When Different Types of Undisclosed Post Hoc Hypothesizing Harm Scientific Progress

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 308-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Rubin
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Science ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Literature Search ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Scientific Progress ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Replication Crisis ◽  
Post Hoc

Hypothesizing after the results are known, or HARKing, occurs when researchers check their research results and then add or remove hypotheses on the basis of those results without acknowledging this process in their research report ( Kerr, 1998 ). In the present article, I discuss 3 forms of HARKing: (a) using current results to construct post hoc hypotheses that are then reported as if they were a priori hypotheses; (b) retrieving hypotheses from a post hoc literature search and reporting them as a priori hypotheses; and (c) failing to report a priori hypotheses that are unsupported by the current results. These 3 types of HARKing are often characterized as being bad for science and a potential cause of the current replication crisis. In the present article, I use insights from the philosophy of science to present a more nuanced view. Specifically, I identify the conditions under which each of these 3 types of HARKing is most and least likely to be bad for science. I conclude with a brief discussion about the ethics of each type of HARKing.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Different Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Devices for Assessing Tissue Oxygenation with a Vascular Occlusion Test in Healthy Volunteers

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 341-347
Author(s):  
Jaeyeon Chung ◽  
Sang-Hwan Ji ◽  
Young-Eun Jang ◽  
Eun-Hee Kim ◽  
Ji-Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Vascular Occlusion ◽  
Tissue Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Vascular Occlusion Test ◽  
Occlusion Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

Near-infrared spectroscopy devices can measure peripheral tissue oxygen saturation (StO<sub>2</sub>). This study aims to compare StO<sub>2</sub> using INVOS® and different O3™ settings (O3<sup>25:75</sup> and O3<sup>30:70</sup>). Twenty adults were recruited. INVOS® and O3™ probes were placed simultaneously on 1 side of forearm. After baseline measurement, the vascular occlusion test was initiated. The baseline value, rate of deoxygenation and reoxygenation, minimum and peak StO<sub>2</sub>, and time from cuff release to peak value were measured. The parameters were compared using ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Bonferroni’s correction and Mann-Whitney pairwise comparison were used for post hoc analysis. The agreement between StO<sub>2</sub> of devices was evaluated using Bland-Altman plots. INVOS® baseline value was higher (79.7 ± 6.4%) than that of O3<sup>25:75</sup> and O3<sup>30:70</sup> (62.4 ± 6.0% and 63.7 ± 5.5%, respectively, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The deoxygenation rate was higher with INVOS® (10.6 ± 2.1%/min) than with O3<sup>25:75</sup> and O3<sup>30:70</sup> (8.4 ± 2.2%/min, <i>p</i> = 0.006 and 7.5 ± 2.1%/min, <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). The minimum and peak StO<sub>2</sub> were higher with INVOS®. No significant difference in the reoxygenation rate was found between the devices and settings. The time to reach peak after cuff deflation was faster with INVOS® (both <i>p</i> &#x3c; 0.001). Other parameters were similar. There were no differences between the different O3™ settings. There were differences in StO<sub>2</sub> measurements between the devices, and these devices should not be interchanged. Differences were not observed between O3™ device settings.

scholarly journals Biaxial flexural strength of different types of monolithic zirconia

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. Process
Author(s):  
Shereen Ahmed Nossair ◽  
Tarek Salah ◽  
Kamal Khaled Ebeid
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Zirconia Ceramic ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Dental Esthetics ◽  
Biaxial Flexural Strength ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Monolithic Zirconia ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the biaxial flexural strength (BFS) of different types of unshaded and shaded monolithic zirconia. Material and Methods: 120 monolithic zirconia ceramic discs were fabricated. They were divided into twelve groups (n=10), Group 1; Bruxzir unshaded, Group 2; Bruxzir shaded A2, Group 3; Bruxzir anterior white, Group 4; Bruxzir anterior shade A2, Group 5; Prettau unshaded, Group 6; Prettau shaded with A2 coloring liquid, Group 7; Prettau anterior white, Group 8; Prettau anterior shaded with A2 coloring liquid, Group 9; Katana HT white, Group 10; Katana HT shade A2, Group 11; Katana ST white, Group 12; Katana ST shade A2. All discs were milled using a dental milling machine, and had final dimensions after sintering of 15 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness. BFS was tested using piston on three ball technique. Results:  One-way ANOVA revealed significant differences among the 12 groups. Tukey post-hoc tests revealed no significant differences between the groups 3, 4, ,7 ,8 11, and 12. However, they all had BFS values that are significantly lower than all other groups. Group 2 showed statistically significant higher BFS values when compared to group 3,4, 7, 8, 11, and 12 while it showed statistically significant lower values when compared to groups 1, 5, 6, 9, and 10. Conclusion: Increase in the yttria content in zirconia led to a decrease in its BFS. Shading of zirconia did not have a significant effect on the final strength of zirconia. KeywordsDental ceramics; Dental esthetics; Flexural strength; Shaded zirconia. 

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