The spatial diffusion of fertility decline in Egypt (1950–2006)

While the Egyptian fertility transition has been widely addressed in the literature, few researches have studied the spatial dimension of fertility. Using population census data, the aim of this study is to describe and measure the evolution of the geography of fertility on a subnational scale (qism/markaz), focusing on the period between 1960 and 2006. We assumed that the decline in fertility had spread spatially through Egypt, the spatial diffusion occurring through two traditional mechanisms: contagion and hierarchical diffusion. Our results confirm our hypotheses and highlight the importance of studying the spatial diffusion of the fertility transition. This study is unique for the Egyptian context given the long period and fine territorial scale considered. Our study constitutes an important addition to the existing group of studies on the spatial diffusion of fertility. Finally, it contributes to gaining further insight into a demographic dynamic which is fundamental for the future of Egypt.

THE ROLE OF POLYCENTRIC NETWORK IN THE DEMOGRAPHIC DYNAMIC OF HUMAN SETTLEMENTS

The present study is a concise form of some of the researches conducted within the Interdisciplinary Centre for Advanced Researches on Territorial Dynamics of the University of Bucharest, which had as an objective identifying the relationships between the development of the poles network and the evolution of demographic indicators. The study’s objectives are related to identifying the role of decisional impulses from the development poles level in the functional structuring of the local settlements system. The analyses were done at each census level, and the measures adopted by the decision makers in order to stimulate the economy of development poles were underlined. A special attention was given to the communist period, when decisional impulses were followed by immediate effects at the level of dissipative capacity of towns, towards which the investments allocated in order to develop industry were oriented.

Demographic Dynamics, Savings, Investment and Current Account

<p class="Default">The upturn in the world economy brought with it the renewed attention to the issues of current account imbalances. Whereas large part of it is political, the issue still attracts some economic attention. In this paper the empirical side of the current account dynamics is addressed. We enquire of the relationships between the current account and savings dynamics, with the emphasis on the role of the “high savings” demographic cohorts (the population and/or labor force between 40 and 64). With the emphasis on the EUs “large” countries, we conclude that there is a significant role of this “high saving” population group in determining the current account dynamics for the consistent “high” surpluses countries of Germany and Netherlands.</p><p class="Default">The role of this population group is, however, rejected for France, Italy and Spain. In those countries the current account dynamics is dominated by (seemingly unexpected) liberalization of capital flows and the subsequent need for stabilization policies. Similarly, the dominant role of the demographic dynamic is rejected for the comparison, floating exchange rate countries of USA and Japan.</p>

Demographic Dynamics, Savings, Investment and Current Account

<p class="Default">The upturn in the world economy brought with it the renewed attention to the issues of current account imbalances. Whereas large part of it is political, the issue still attracts some economic attention. In this paper the empirical side of the current account dynamics is addressed. We enquire of the relationships between the current account and savings dynamics, with the emphasis on the role of the “high savings” demographic cohorts (the population and/or labor force between 40 and 64). With the emphasis on the EUs “large” countries, we conclude that there is a significant role of this “high saving” population group in determining the current account dynamics for the consistent “high” surpluses countries of Germany and Netherlands.</p><p class="Default">The role of this population group is, however, rejected for France, Italy and Spain. In those countries the current account dynamics is dominated by (seemingly unexpected) liberalization of capital flows and the subsequent need for stabilization policies. Similarly, the dominant role of the demographic dynamic is rejected for the comparison, floating exchange rate countries of USA and Japan.</p>

Demografía de negocios en México / Demography of Business in Mexico

El presente texto tiene como objetivo describir la dinámica demográfica de las empresas mexicanas en el periodo 1980 a 2007, entendiendo por dinámica demográfica la relación entre la creación y la extinción de empresas. Se muestra el volumen de la población empresarial por año y duración (edad), las tasas de creación, las tasas de cierre y las proporciones de sobrevivencia calculadas para el periodo. Esta información es comparada con los datos disponibles de los países miembros de la Organización para la Cooperación y el Desarrollo Económico (OCDE). AbstractThis text is designed to describe the demographic dynamic of Mexican firms during the period from 1980 to 2007, understanding demographic dynamics as the link between the creation and extinction of firms. It shows the volume of the business-owning population by year and duration (age), creation and closure rates and the survival proportions calculated for the period. This information is compared with available data from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member countries.

Analysis of the basic characteristics of demographic dynamics in the Czech Republic regions

The work deals with the evaluation of an achieved level of the basic characteristics of the demographic dynamic in the regions in 2005, dividing regions to homogenous groups always according to pairs of indicators having logical relationship between each other. As a pair characterizing population migration were selected a rate of marriages – divorces, marriages – births, births – mortalities, immigrations – emigrations, natural population growth – immigration population growth. According to a direction of the research intention a special attention was paid to South Moravia region and to Vysočina region. According to an expected reciprocal relationship of the rate of marriages – births the regression function was determined including a correlative index (I = 0,739*), confirming and quantifying the relationship.