Provisions in the Development Plan of Cities / Towns of Different Characters - A Comparative Study

Dating back to the history of development which starts near the resources or the Euclidean type planning where only physical planning is considered the time has come where planners need to consider the social aspects as well as the character of the city while setting goals or making policies for the same. Every place has its own uniqueness it may a cool new hi-tech building or an antique ancient monument, a busy booming mall or a quiet peaceful natural scenery. The need of this study of urban system is important to understand the human values, development, and the interactions they have with their physical environment. Development plan aims to promote growth and regulate the present and future development of towns and cities. In its simplest form, it is about improving the standard of living of the residents. While planning for a city, we should not only think about development as a tool for improving the physical and material conditions of the citizens but also consider the changes in built environment of the city which forms an important part of the city character and also gives clues related to the social and cultural life in that city The richness of the values forming the identity and character of the built environment is also an expression of the richness of the social and cultural life in that city .

A general approach to multivariable recursive interpolation

We consider here the problem of constructing a general recursive algorithm to interpolate a given set of data with a rational function. While many algorithms of this kind already exist, they are either providing non-minimal degree solutions (like the Schur algorithm) or exhibit jumps in the degree of the interpolants (or of the partial realization, as the problem is called when the interpolation is at infinity, see Rissanen (SIAM J Control 9(3):420–430, 1971) and Gragg and Lindquist (in: Linear systems and control (special issue), linear algebra and its applications, vol 50. pp 277–319, 1983)). By imbedding the solution into a larger set of interpolants, we show that the increase in the degree of this representation is proportional to the increase in the length of the data. We provide an algorithm to interpolate multivariable tangential sets of data with arbitrary nodes, generalizing in a fundamental manner the results of Kuijper (Syst Control Lett 31:225–233, 1997). We use this new approach to discuss a special scalar case in detail. When the interpolation data are obtained from the Taylor-series expansion of a given function, then the Euclidean-type algorithm plays an important role.

F-biharmonic maps into general Riemannian manifolds

Let ψ:(M, g) → (N, h) be a map between Riemannian manifolds (M, g) and (N, h). We introduce the notion of the F-bienergy functional $$\begin{array}{} \displaystyle E_{F,2}(\psi)=\int\limits_{M}F\left(\frac{|\tau(\psi)|^{2}}{2}\right)\text{d}V_{g}, \end{array}$$ where F : [0, ∞) → [0, ∞) be C3 function such that F′ > 0 on (0, ∞), τ(ψ) is the tension field of ψ. Critical points of τF,2 are called F-biharmonic maps. In this paper, we prove a nonexistence result for F-biharmonic maps from a complete non-compact Riemannian manifold of dimension m = dimM ≥ 3 with infinite volume that admit an Euclidean type Sobolev inequality into general Riemannian manifold whose sectional curvature is bounded from above. Under these geometric assumptions we show that if the Lp-norm (p > 1) of the tension field is bounded and the m-energy of the maps is sufficiently small, then every F-biharmonic map must be harmonic. We also get a Liouville-type result under proper integral conditions which generalize the result of [Branding V., Luo Y., A nonexistence theorem for proper biharmonic maps into general Riemannian manifolds, 2018, arXiv: 1806.11441v2].

Strengthening of a theorem on Coxeter–Euclidean type of principal partially ordered sets

Among the quadratic forms, playing an important role in modern mathematics, the Tits quadratic forms should be distinguished. Such quadratic forms were first introduced by P. Gabriel for any quiver in connection with the study of representations of quivers (also introduced by him). P. Gabriel proved that the connected quivers with positive Tits form coincide with the Dynkin quivers. This quadratic form is naturally generalized to a poset. The posets with positive quadratic Tits form (analogs of the Dynkin diagrams) were classified by the authors together with the P-critical posets (the smallest posets with non-positive quadratic Tits form). The quadratic Tits form of a P-critical poset is non-negative and corank of its symmetric matrix is 1. In this paper we study all posets with such two properties, which are called principal, related to equivalence of their quadratic Tits forms and those of Euclidean diagrams. In particular, one problem posted in 2014 is solved.