Implementation of Quality Filter Mapping (QFM) in Hot Press Using Lean Manufacturing To Eliminate Waste

PT Sakari Sumber Abadi is a manufacturing company that is engaged in producing plywood products as its main product. This company has waste in the production line, namely in the 4.6 mm Birch product, including shrinkage putty, press mark, tip delemination, bubbles, ripping. Whereas for 18 mm Birch products, among others, press marks, putty shrinkage, concave, overlap, putty face too wide, ripping, waste in the face and delamination of the ends. What you want to achieve in this research is to eliminate the waste of 4.6 mm Birch Products and 18 mm Birch Products found in the Hot Press section in order to fulfill customer demand with the Lean Manufacturing approach. Lean Manufacturing is a systematic approach that eliminates waste and transforms processes. The results of the inspection using the Quality Filter Mapping (QFM) method obtained the largest waste in the Birch 4.6 mm Face 0.5 mm product, namely Failure to Riject by 0.82% and on Birch 18 mm Face 0.28 mm product, namely Failure to Riject by 7.1%. Recommendations for improvement include standard parameters of temperature, press time and pressure.

Optimization of hot-press parameters for plywood with environmental aluminophosphate adhesive

An aluminophosphate adhesive was used as the binder in plywood. The hot-pressing parameters of aluminophosphate adhesive-based plywood (APPs) including hot-press temperature (A), time (B), and pressure (C) were optimized using response surface methodology. Results indicated that the hot-press temperature was the most dominant factor. The maximum bonding strength of 1.98 MPa was found with an optimal parameter of 171 °C (hot-press temperature), 7.5 min (hot-press time), and 1.0 MPa (hot-press pressure). Additionally, the chemical reaction mechanism between aluminophosphate adhesive and wood fibers was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results showed that good interaction was generated between wood fibers and adhesives through their surface functional groups. In conclusion, the optimized pressing conditions of plywood significantly improved bonding strength of APPs.

Production Efficiency of Enbal (Cassava) Using Hydraulic Press Equipment in the Enbal Processing Group in Ibra Village, Southeast Maluku Regency

The business group which is become the target of this activity is a group of processing and selling enbal (cassava) in Ibra village, Southeast Maluku regency. This group has been producing for more than 10 years but there are still many shortage, especially in the way of press along with the sanitize and hygiene of the production process. The purpose of this activity is to increase the efficiency in production process by applying screw press equipment and improving sanitation and hygiene in its production. The method of implementing activities uses discussion and training techniques. The activity is carried out in three stages, firstly survey on condition and discussion with partners relates to the conditions of producing pressing enbal, secondly the manufacture of pressing tools, third is the application of pressing tools in production activities of partners. The results of the activity showed that the screw press was able to produce enough water of enbal / grated cassava so that it is drier than the traditional method. Press time becomes faster which only 12-15 minutes, whereas in the traditional way it takes 14-24 hours. The content of enbal’s water decreases very low, reaching 5-7%, the sanitation becomes better because the juice is no longer stagnant on the ground but is collected in a bucket, and the use of pressing tools is very practical. Likewise the HCN level is very low, less than 3mg / kg so the product is very safe for consumption. This screw press is very helpful in the efficiency of the production process of plate enbal (cassava plates) which is cleaner and healthier.

Utilization of Screw Press to Increase the Production Efficiency of Enbal (cassava) in Ibra Village, Southeast Maluku, Indonesia

The purpose of this activity is to increase the efficiency in production process by applying screw press equipment and improving sanitation and hygiene in its production. The method of implementing activities uses discussion and training techniques. The activity is carried out in three stages, firstly survey on condition and discussion with partners relates to the conditions of producing pressing enbal, secondly the manufacture of pressing tools, third is the application of pressing tools in production activities of partners. The results of the activity showed that the screw press was able to produce enough water of enbal / grated cassava so that it is drier than the traditional method. Press time becomes faster which only 12-15 minutes, whereas in the traditional way it takes 14-24 hours. The content of enbal’s water decreases very low, reaching 5-7%, the sanitation becomes better because the juice is no longer stagnant on the ground but is collected in a bucket, and the use of pressing tools is very practical. Likewise the HCN level is very low, less than 3mg / kg so the product is very safe for consumption. This screw press is very helpful in the efficiency of the production process of plate enbal (cassava plates) which is cleaner and healthier.

Intuitive physical reasoning about objects’ masses transfers to a visuomotor decision task consistent with Newtonian physics

While interacting with objects during every-day activities, e.g. when sliding a glass on a counter top, people obtain constant feedback whether they are acting in accordance with physical laws. However, classical research on intuitive physics has revealed that people’s judgements systematically deviate from predictions of Newtonian physics. Recent research has explained at least some of these deviations not as consequence of misconceptions about physics but instead as the consequence of the probabilistic interaction between inevitable perceptual uncertainties and prior beliefs. How intuitive physical reasoning relates to visuomotor actions is much less known. Here, we present an experiment in which participants had to slide pucks under the influence of naturalistic friction in a simulated virtual environment. The puck was controlled by the duration of a button press, which needed to be scaled linearly with the puck’s mass and with the square-root of initial distance to reach a target. Over four phases of the experiment, uncertainties were manipulated by altering the availability of sensory feedback and providing different degrees of knowledge about the physical properties of pucks. A hierarchical Bayesian model of the visuomotor interaction task incorporating perceptual uncertainty and press-time variability found substantial evidence that subjects adjusted their button-presses so that the sliding was in accordance with Newtonian physics. After observing collisions between pucks, which were analyzed with a hierarchical Bayesian model of the perceptual observation task, subjects transferred the relative masses inferred perceptually to adjust subsequent sliding actions. Crucial in the modeling was the inclusion of a cost function, which quantitatively captures participants’ implicit sensitivity to errors due to their motor variability. Taken together, in the present experiment we find evidence that our participants transferred their intuitive physical reasoning to a subsequent visuomotor control task consistent with Newtonian physics and weighed potential outcomes with a cost functions based on their knowledge about their own variability.

Mechanical Properties and Free Formaldehyde Content of Particleboards Produced using Ammonium Sulphate-Based Hardener Partially Replaced with Tartaric Acid

The use of resins, whose curing reaction takes place by high temperature and hardener addition, is inevitably involved in particleboard manufacturing process. In addition to commercial hardeners, such as ammonium sulphate, with the aim of optimizing the production process and reducing the production costs, a certain percentage of hardener can, among other things, be replaced with price affordable bio-based materials. Tartaric acid, that is its salts (tartrates), which are commercially produced for the needs of wine and food industries, are a part of the aforementioned group of products. Since tartaric acid is a relatively inexpensive, readily available, weak diprotic and aldaric acid, the question arises whether it can be used as a component of the hardener system for curing urea-formaldehyde resins that are commercially used in particleboard production. For that reason, in this paper, the influence of partial replacement of ammonium sulphate hardener with tartaric acid on the mechanical properties (bending strength, modulus of elasticity and internal bond) and free formaldehyde content of experimentally produced particleboards was examined. Boards thickness, density and moisture content were also determined. The test results suggest that tartaric acid has a beneficial effect on the above particleboard properties, but they also indicate that the extent of that effect is strongly dependent on panel press time.

Optimization of processing parameters for the manufacturing of jute stick binderless particleboard

This study investigated the effects of processing parameters, namely particle mixing ratios, press temperatures, and time for the manufacturing of jute stick binderless particleboard (JBPB). Different ratios of fine and coarse particles, press temperature (160 to 240 °C) and press time (4 to 10 min) were used for JBPB fabrication with a target density of 0.9 g/cm3. The dimensional stability and mechanical properties of JBPB were determined according to Japanese Industrial Standard JIS A 5908 (2003). The result shows that the most favorable pressing conditions in the manufacturing process were press temperature of 220 °C for 6 min with a mixing ratio of 50:50 (fine: coarse). The modulus of rupture (MOR), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and internal bonding (IB) of JBPB was 16.35 N/mm2, 3872.99 N/mm2, and 1.07 N/mm2, respectively, which met the minimum requirement for type-18 of particleboard JIS A 5908 (2003) except for the value of MOR. The bonding mechanism was analyzed by the chemical changes in the raw materials after the fabrication of JBPBs. The pentosans present in the raw material decreased with the increased press temperatures. In this study, the hemicellulose was decomposed which may accelerate the self-bonding of the JBPB at high temperatures. The thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the JBPB showed good thermal stability with the increase of press temperatures. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra indicated that the removal of hydroxyl groups which increased the dimensional stability of JBPBs. Hence, it could be concluded that by controlling particle mixing ratio (50:50) at high press temperature with proper press time, high-performance jute stick binderless particleboard could be successfully developed which has a variety of applications.