Underground Press of Social Democratic Organizations in Šiauliai in 1904–1914

This article deals with propaganda activities, such as publishing proclamations (20 publications), revolutionary songs (1), and underground periodicals (1), by local organizations of the Bund, LSDDP, LSDP and RSDDP in Šiauliai in 1904–1914. Political changes in Russia in 1904–1907 created favorable conditions for social democratic organizations to actively carry out propaganda activities, but the intensity at which they were carried out was not uniform across Lithuania. The proletarian profile of Šiauliai and the particularly active activity of the LSDP allowed to mobilize propagandists in a short time, to prepare the necessary proclamations on the spot, and to provide the necessary press equipment. During the years of the revolution (1905–1907), Šiauliai had to emerge as the second center of the social democratic movement in Lithuania. After the defeat of the revolution in Russia, due to the increased persecution of social democratic forces, the underground organizations failed to mobilize their press capacity or develop more active propaganda events; therefore, the political parties even had to suspend the activities of local organizations in Šiauliai. The integration of social democratic youth into the social democratic organizations of Šiauliai took place in c. 1912 and gave hope for a stronger revival of propaganda. The resumption of activities ceased in the first years of the First World War. The large-scale underground press developed in underground conditions expressed the expectations of the local population, reflected the involvement of parties in the formation of political views of the urban population, and was a counterweight to official information. Therefore, its assessment is inseparable from the realities of the political context of that time.

Development of improved technology of production of sewing products using equipment for moisture-heat treatment from a composite material

The article covers the conditions of formation of package materials for outerwear. The developed new technology for the production of apparels using a new cushion of press equipment for moisture-heat treatment from a composite material has been described. The method of forming a package of clothes from a multilayer textile material has been substantiated. The results of the examination of the experimental wear of jackets made according to the existing and proposed technology are presented in order to conduct a comparative study of the appearance, comfort and wear resistance of products made under identical conditions. Because of theoretical and practical research, the required dimensional stability of outerwear parts has been achieved in the process of the new technology of moisture-heat treatment.

Баланс напряжений и деформаций при холодной гибке листовой судостроительной стали

Изложен процесс разработки и внедрения авторами руководящего документа РД 5.05.08.04-20 «Методика разработки технологической инструкции на холодную гибку деталей из листовой судостроительной стали» в корпусном производстве АО «Восточная верфь» (Владивосток). Содержит результаты теоретических и практических исследований процессов, происходящих в структуре судостроительной стали нормальной и повышенной прочности при угловой и циркульной гибке деталей корпусов морских объектов. Приводятся расчётные формулы для назначения рабочих параметров гидропрессового оборудования и технологической оснастки. Предложенный авторами новый подход в процессе технологической подготовки производства позволил моделировать параметры прессового оборудования и оснастки для угловой гибки, с применением которой исключается образование дефектов. Предварительные расчёты необходимой мощности пресса позволяют использовать менее энергозатратное оборудование с уменьшением мощности на 25%. При этом расчётный выбор технологической оснастки позволяет сократить число рабочих циклов кромкогибочного пресса в два раза. Ключевые слова: пластическая деформация, угловая гибка, циркульная гибка, усилие пресса, параметры пресс-формы, параметры пуансона The process of development and implementation by the authors of the guideline document RD 5.05.08.04-20 Methodology for the development of technological instructions for cold bending of parts from sheet shipbuilding steel in the hull production of JSC Vostochnaya Verf (Vladivostok) is described herein. The paper covers the results of theoretical and practical studies of the processes occurring in the structure of shipbuilding steel of ordinary and high-strength during angular and circular bending of hull parts of offshore structures. Calculation formulas are given to properly assign the operating parameters of hydraulic press equipment and technological equipment. The new approach proposed by the authors in the process of technological preparation of production made it possible to simulate the parameters of pressing equipment and tooling for angular bending, with the use of which formation of any defects is excluded. Preliminary calculations of the required power of the press allow using less energy-consuming equipment with a power reduction of 25%. At the same time, the calculated selection of technological equipment allows to reduce the number of working cycles of the bending press in half. Keywords: plastic deformation, angular bending, circular bending, press force, mold parameters, punch parameters

Production Efficiency of Enbal (Cassava) Using Hydraulic Press Equipment in the Enbal Processing Group in Ibra Village, Southeast Maluku Regency

The business group which is become the target of this activity is a group of processing and selling enbal (cassava) in Ibra village, Southeast Maluku regency. This group has been producing for more than 10 years but there are still many shortage, especially in the way of press along with the sanitize and hygiene of the production process. The purpose of this activity is to increase the efficiency in production process by applying screw press equipment and improving sanitation and hygiene in its production. The method of implementing activities uses discussion and training techniques. The activity is carried out in three stages, firstly survey on condition and discussion with partners relates to the conditions of producing pressing enbal, secondly the manufacture of pressing tools, third is the application of pressing tools in production activities of partners. The results of the activity showed that the screw press was able to produce enough water of enbal / grated cassava so that it is drier than the traditional method. Press time becomes faster which only 12-15 minutes, whereas in the traditional way it takes 14-24 hours. The content of enbal’s water decreases very low, reaching 5-7%, the sanitation becomes better because the juice is no longer stagnant on the ground but is collected in a bucket, and the use of pressing tools is very practical. Likewise the HCN level is very low, less than 3mg / kg so the product is very safe for consumption. This screw press is very helpful in the efficiency of the production process of plate enbal (cassava plates) which is cleaner and healthier.

Utilization of Screw Press to Increase the Production Efficiency of Enbal (cassava) in Ibra Village, Southeast Maluku, Indonesia

The purpose of this activity is to increase the efficiency in production process by applying screw press equipment and improving sanitation and hygiene in its production. The method of implementing activities uses discussion and training techniques. The activity is carried out in three stages, firstly survey on condition and discussion with partners relates to the conditions of producing pressing enbal, secondly the manufacture of pressing tools, third is the application of pressing tools in production activities of partners. The results of the activity showed that the screw press was able to produce enough water of enbal / grated cassava so that it is drier than the traditional method. Press time becomes faster which only 12-15 minutes, whereas in the traditional way it takes 14-24 hours. The content of enbal’s water decreases very low, reaching 5-7%, the sanitation becomes better because the juice is no longer stagnant on the ground but is collected in a bucket, and the use of pressing tools is very practical. Likewise the HCN level is very low, less than 3mg / kg so the product is very safe for consumption. This screw press is very helpful in the efficiency of the production process of plate enbal (cassava plates) which is cleaner and healthier.

Hydrophobic copolymers added with starch at the size press of a paper machine: A review of findings and likely mechanisms

This article reviews publications with the goal of understanding the role of hydrophobic copolymers added to size-press starch as a means to make paper products more resistant to penetration by aqueous fluids. The underlying technology is considered, including background related to starch, size-press equipment, and various hydrophobic copolymers and latex products that have been evaluated. The resulting hydrophobization of the paper has been reported to depend not only on the dosage of the hydrophobic additive, but also on its molecular mass and ionic form. The mechanism appears to rely on an ability of starch to serve as a temporary host for hydrophobic compounds in aqueous solution. It has been proposed that hydrophobic copolymers added with size press starch tend to migrate to the air interface during drying of the starch film, thus allowing the low-energy functional groups, such as styrene or alkyl chains, to face outwards. Further research is needed to address various mechanistic questions. There may be opportunities to further raise the performance of this type of technology as practiced within paper production factories.

Prediction of Effective Elasticity Coefficients of Composite Biofuel

It is suggested that fuel pellets made of composites based on solid plant waste should be considered as stochastic systems that are anisotropic in microvolumes but isotropic in the entire structure, i.e. quasi-isotropic in volume. Based on this hypothesis and the analysis of the known micromechanical models for forecasting physical and mechanical constants of composite materials, the expediency of using the Reuss-Voigt and Hashin-Strickman models to determine the effective elastic coefficients of composite biofuels is substantiated. The results of calculations made on these models for a number of two-component biofuel pellets are given. An experimental evaluation of effective Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio for two-component pellets with "straw + brown coal" composition was carried out. The obtained results of experimentally determined values of coefficients satisfactorily correspond to their calculated values: deviations are up to 26%. The Reuss-Voigt model was used in the calculations because the conditions required for the application of the Hashin-Strickman model are not met for composite pellets consisting of straw and brown coal. The results of the study will be useful in calculating or selecting press equipment for the production of quality fuel pellets from composites based on solid plant waste.

Technical solutions of vibration safety cold riveting performed ship repair

The parameters of heating and cooling of rivets made of steel and aluminum alloy, as well as data of fi lling holes with these rivets during hot and cold riveting are compared. The features of the process of performing cold impact riveting by direct and reverse methods, as well as the possibility of reducing the force of this riveting by improving the closing heads and constructive transformation of the rivets themselves are considered. Features of physiological infl uence of cold shock riveting on hands, elbows and shoulders of workers are determined. Describes the construction of riveting hammers and supports with spring shock absorbers that prevent the disease of workers vibration disease, portable riveting presses of pneumatic and hydraulic action. A description of the press equipment and technology of bolt-riveting connections, allowing mechanizing the process of cold riveting is given.