Changes in rheological properties of blood in smoking women of fertile age

The interrelation of Smoking and changes of rheological properties of blood of women of fertile age is studied and established. On the basis of the Samara city polyclinic, the results of blood parameters were studied in 107 smokers and 136 non-smokers of fertile age, observed in the women’s clinic. The study found that Smoking helps to reduce blood clotting time, increase the number of red blood cells, blood hemoglobin. Under the influence of Smoking increases blood coagulating activity. Cessation of Smoking causes a decrease in hematocrit, hemoglobin concentration. Active detection of Smoking adolescents, as well as Smoking relatives in the family, preventive measures, including the organization of schools for the treatment of tobacco dependence, will significantly reduce the likelihood of severe chronic multiple organ disease.

Influence of tobacco Smoking on obstetric history of women during pregnancy

The article presents the results of the relationship of Smoking in women with a history of obstetric (OAA). The study is based on the results of a survey of 107 smokers and 136 non-Smoking women observed in the antenatal clinic for pregnancy. The study found an increase in the number of miscarriages and abortions in Smoking women compared to non-smokers. Detection of Smoking women of fertile age when attached to outpatient clinics, active detection of Smoking pregnant women, as well as Smoking relatives in the family, carrying out measures to reduce Smoking significantly reduce the likelihood of having children with chronic pathology.

Cigarette Smoking Detection with An Inertial Sensor and A Smart Lighter

In recent years, a number of wearable approaches have been introduced for objective monitoring of cigarette smoking based on monitoring of hand gestures, breathing or cigarette lighting events. However, non-reactive, objective and accurate measurement of everyday cigarette consumption in the wild remains a challenge. This study utilizes a wearable sensor system (Personal Automatic Cigarette Tracker 2.0, PACT2.0) and proposes a method that integrates information from an instrumented lighter and a 6-axis Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) on the wrist for accurate detection of smoking events. The PACT2.0 was utilized in a study of 35 moderate to heavy smokers in both controlled (1.5–2 h) and unconstrained free-living conditions (~24 h). The collected dataset contained approximately 871 h of IMU data, 463 lighting events, and 443 cigarettes. The proposed method identified smoking events from the cigarette lighter data and estimated puff counts by detecting hand-to-mouth gestures (HMG) in the IMU data by a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. The leave-one-subject-out (LOSO) cross-validation on the data from the controlled portion of the study achieved high accuracy and F1-score of smoking event detection and estimation of puff counts (97%/98% and 93%/86%, respectively). The results of validation in free-living demonstrate 84.9% agreement with self-reported cigarettes. These results suggest that an IMU and instrumented lighter may potentially be used in studies of smoking behavior under natural conditions.

Differences in regional air trapping in current smokers with normal spirometry

We investigated regional air trapping on computed tomography in current smokers with normal spirometry. It was hypothesised that presence of regional air trapping may indicate a specific manifestation of smoking-related changes.40 current smokers, 40 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and 40 healthy never- smokers underwent computed tomography scans. Regional air trapping was assessed on end-expiratory scans and emphysema, micronodules and bronchial wall thickening on inspiratory scans. The ratio of expiratory and inspiratory mean lung attenuation (E/I) was calculated as a measure of static (fixed) air trapping.Regional air trapping was present in 63% of current smokers, in 45% of never smokers and in 8% of COPD patients (p<0.001). Current smokers with and without regional air trapping had E/I ratio of 0.81 and 0.91, respectively (p<0.001). Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) was significantly higher and emphysema less frequent in current smokers with regional air trapping.Current smokers with regional air trapping had higher FEV1 and less emphysema on computed tomography. In contrast, current smokers without regional air trapping resembled COPD. Our results highlight heterogeneity among smokers with normal spirometry and may contribute to early detection of smoking related structural changes in the lungs.