Trigonelline hydrochloride conjugated onto PEGylated nanodiamond for a selective encapsulation efficiency and controlled release for inhibition of collagen fibrillation

Recently, researchers are involved in finding a cure for fibrotic disorders, which is an acute disease. Along with an ideal drug, a superlative carrier is required for developing a sustainable...

Bersihan Jalan Nafas Tidak Efektif Dengan Menggunakan Larutan Jeruk Nipis Dan Madu Di Kelurahan Sukabumi Bandar LampungBersihan Jalan Nafas Tidak Efektif Dengan Menggunakan Larutan Jeruk Nipis Dan Madu Di Kelurahan Sukabumi Bandar Lampung

ABSTRAK Infeksi pernafasan merupakan penyakit akut yang paling banyak terjadi pada anak-anak, Penyakit ISPA sering terjadi pada anak Balita, karena sistem pertahanan tubuh anak masih rendah. Kejadian batuk pilek pada balita di Indonesia diperkirakan 3 sampai 6 kali pertahun, yang berarti seorang balita. Tujuan deskripsi hasil asuhan keperawatan komprehensif pada keluarga Tn.S dan Tn.I dengan masalah keperawatan bersihan jalan nafas tidak efektif dengan menggunakan larutan jeruk nipis dan madu di kelurahan Sukabumi Bandar Lampung. Dianjurkan memberi obat batuk yang aman yaitu ramuan tradisional yaitu jeruk nipis ½ sendok teh dicampur dengan Madu atau Madu ½ sendok teh, diberikan tiga kali sehari. Air perasan jeruk nipis dicampur dengan Madu manis juga menjadi pilihan masyarakat dalam meredakan batuk dan melegakan tenggorokan. Pilihan ini juga telah tercantum di dalam MTBS (Manajemen Terpadu Balita Sakit) dalam mengajari ibu cara mengobati infeksi lokal di rumah. Caranya adalah dengan memotong satu buah jeruk nipis, peras airnya, taruh dalam gelas/cangkir. Tambahkan Madu manis, aduk. Takaran minum untuk anak, 3 kali sendok teh per hari. Cara lain, Madu manis bisa digantikan dengan Madu murni. Keluarga dengan masalah ISPA teratasi dengan Jaruk nipis dan madu dengan hasil efektif pada kedua pasien hanya saja kadar penurunan penumpukan secret, penurunan batuk dan waktu tidur lebih baik. Kata kunci : ISPA , Kecap, madu ABSTRACTRespiratory infection is an acute disease that most commonly occurs in children, ARI often occurs in children under five, because the child's immune system is still low. The average cold cough in toddlers in Indonesia is estimated to be 3 to 6 times per year, which means a toddler. Purpose description of the results of comprehensive nursing care in the family of Mr.S and Mr.I with nursing problems cleansing the airway not effective by using lime and honey solution in Sukabumi Village, Bandar Lampung in 2020. It is recommended to provide cough medicines that are safe to use traditional ½ teaspoon mixed with Honey or Honey ½ teaspoon, given three times a day. Orange juice mixed with sweet honey is also a choice of people in relieving coughs and soothing the throat. This option has also been verified in MTBS (Integrated Management of Sick Toddler) in teaching mothers how to treat local infections at home. The trick is to cut one lime, squeeze the water, put it in a glass/cup. Add sweet honey, stir. Drinking dose for children, 3 times a teaspoon per day. Alternatively, sweet honey can be replaced with pure honey. Families with ARI problems resolved with lime and honey with effective results in both patients except secret buildup levels, decreased coughing and better sleep time.Keywords: ISPA, sauce, honey

Proteinuria in hospitalised internal medicine adult patients

RationaleDipstick proteinuria may be a sign of a renal disorder, false-positive or associated with acute disease, and consequently, transient in hospitalised patients.ObjectiveTo assess (a) the prevalence of proteinuria in hospitalised patients; (b) its association with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), findings known to cause false-positive test results and indicators of acute disease and (c) the need for follow-up after discharge.Setting and participantsAll patients who had a dipstick urinalysis on admission to medical wards of a 400-bed regional hospital in 2018–2019.Outcome variableProteinuria.Independent variables(a) Other findings on dipstick urinalysis; (b) patients’ age, gender, presence of urinary catheter and eGFR and (c) white blood cell count (WBC) and fever.ResultsOf 22 329 patients, 6609 (29.6%) had urinalysis. Of those, 2973 patients (45.0%) had proteinuria of ≥+1 (≥0.30 g/L). The variables independently associated with proteinuria were other dipstick findings known to cause false-positive test results, elevated WBC, fever on presentation, presence of a urethral catheter and a low eGFR. eGFR alone was a poor predictor of proteinuria (c-stat 0.62); however, addition of the remaining independent variables to the model significantly improved its predictive ability (c-stat 0.80).ConclusionsDipstick proteinuria is common in hospitalised patients. Although weakly associated with eGFR, proteinuria is mainly associated with confounding factors that may result in false-positive test results. The need for follow-up of proteinuria after discharge has questionable clinical utility and its high frequency would entail a considerable cost.

The Evolution of COVID-19: A Minimal Invasive Autopsy Cohort Studying in Depth the Different COVID- 19 Disease Stages

Background The WHO defines different COVID-19 disease stages, where pathophysiological mechanisms differ. Clinical, radiological, histological, microbiological, and immunological characteristics of different COVID-19 disease stages were evaluated. Methods Forty-four PCR-confirmed COVID-19 patients were included in a prospective minimal invasive autopsy cohort. Patients were classified according to WHO disease classification in mild-moderate (n=4), severe-critical (n=32) and post-acute disease (n=8) and clinical, radiological, histological, microbiological, and immunological data were compared. Results Classified according to Thoracic Society of America, patients with mild-moderate disease had no typical COVID-19 images on CT-Thorax versus 71.9% with typical images in severe-critical disease and 87.5% typical images in post-acute disease (p<.001). Diffuse alveolar damage was absent in mild-moderate disease but present in 93.8% and 87.5% of patients with severe-critical and post-acute COVID-19, respectively (p=.002). Other organs with histopathological changes were liver and heart. Interferon-g levels were significantly higher in patients with severe-critical COVID-19. Overall, 72% of patients had positive anti-SARS CoV-2 IgM and 51% positive IgG. Conclusion Significant differences in pathological and immunological characteristics between patients with mild-moderate disease compared to patients with severe-critical disease were found, whereas differences between patients with severe-critical disease and post-acute disease were limited. This emphasizes the need for tailored treatment of COVID-19 patients.

Chronic SARS-CoV-2, a Cause of Post-acute COVID-19 Sequelae (Long-COVID)?

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Most individuals recover from SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, many continue to experience a cluster of persistent symptoms for months following resolution of acute disease; a syndrome that has been named Long-COVID. While the biological cause, or causes, of Long-COVID have not yet been confirmed, the main proposals have centred around either virus-induced autoimmunity or virus-induced tissue dysfunction. However, an alternative suggestion that a latent chronic infection could be responsible for the symptoms of Long-COVID has received minimal attention despite recent findings that SARS-CoV-2 genetic material and infections are detected in some individuals months following resolution of respiratory disease. Here we discuss literature supporting the possibility that Long-COVID occurs as a result of chronic SARS-CoV-2 infections.

Parasites and promiscuity: Acute disease salience leads to more restricted sexual attitudes

How does disease threat influence sexual attitudes and behaviors? Although research on the influence of disease threat on social behavior has grown considerably, the relationship between perceived disease threat and sexual attitudes remains unclear. The current preregistered study (analyzed N = 510), investigated how experimental reminders of disease threat influence attitudes and anticipated future behaviors pertaining to short-term sexual relationships, using an ecologically valid disease prime. The central preregistered prediction was that experimental manipulation of disease threat would lead to less favorable attitudes and inclinations toward sexual promiscuity. Results were consistent with this preregistered prediction, relative to both a neutral control condition and a non-disease threat condition. These experimental results were buttressed by the finding that dispositional variation in worry about disease threat predicted less favorable attitudes and inclinations toward short-term sexual relationships. This study represents the first preregistered investigation of the implications of acute disease threat for sexual attitudes.