Foam Glass Crystalline Granular Material from a Polymineral Raw Mix

The article is devoted to the development of resource-saving technology of porous granular materials for energy-efficient construction. The relevance of the work for international research is to emphasize expanding the raw material base of porous lightweight concrete aggregates at the expense of technogenic and substandard materials. The work aims to study the processes of porization of glass crystalline granules from polymineral raw materials mixtures. The novelty of the work lies in the establishment of regularities of thermal foaming of glass crystalline granules when using waste of magnetic separation of skarn-magnetite (WMS) ores and lignite clay. Studies of liquid glass mixtures with various mineral fillers revealed the possibility of the formation of a porous structure with the participation of opoka, WMS and lignite clay. This is due to the presence in the materials of substances that exhibit thermal activity with the release of a gas phase. The foaming efficiency of the investigated materials increases when combined with glass breakage. The addition of WMS and lignite clay to the glass mixture increases the pore size in comparison with foam glass. The influence of the composition of raw mixtures on the molding and stability of granules is determined. The addition of sodium carbonate helps to strengthen the raw granules and reduce the softening temperature of the mass. The composition of the molding mixture of glass breakage, liquid glass and a multicomponent additive is developed, which provides an improvement in the molding properties of the glass mass, foaming of granules at a temperature of 750 °C. Foam glass crystalline granules have polymodal porosity, characterized by a density of 330–350 kg/m3, a compressive strength of 3.2–3.7 MPa, and a thermal conductivity of 0.057–0.061 W/(m·°C). Accordingly, the developed granules have a high potential use in structural and heat-insulating concretes.

Phase Field Simulation of Laminated Glass Beam

The complex failure mechanisms of glass laminates under in-plane loading conditions is modelled within the framework of phase-field strategy. Laminated glass is widely used for structural purposes due to its safe post-glass-breakage response. In fact, the combination of several glass plies bonded together with polymeric interlayers allows overcoming the brittleness of the glass and to reach a pseudo-ductile response. Moreover, the post-breakage behaviour of the laminate is strictly correlated by the mechanical properties of the constituents. Ruptures may appear as cracks within the layers or delamination of the bonding interface. The global response of a glass laminate, validated against experimental results taken from the literature, is carried out by investigating a simplified layup of two glass plies connected by cohesive interfaces through an interlayer. Delamination of the adhesive interface is described, and crack patterns within the materials are fully described. Finally, the proposed approach put the basis for future comparisons with results of experimental campaign and real-life applications.

Receiving of Ceramic Veneer with the Use of Unsorted Container Glass Breakage

The results of studies on the production of ceramic material, which can be used for face veneer and pedestals are presented. This material was obtained on the basis of stiff clay with the addition of 30 % by weight of unsorted container glass breakage as a flux-hardening additive, which forms a vitreous phase during baking, and 2.5 % by weight of a fluxing agent that increases the amount of the vitreous phase and lowers the temperature of the liquid-phase sintering material. In turn, the vitreous phase acts as a binder in the bulk of the material due to the vitrification of the surface of the ceramic particles and their connection into a strong frame and creates the effect of self-glazing products. Studies have been conducted showing that the highest compressive strength and the lowest water absorption of the material being developed were obtained using boric acid as a fluxing agent and baking at a maximum burning temperature of 1050 °C.

Micro-Cracks Removal on Edge Surface of Thin Glass Sheet Using Magnetorheological Finishing

Micro-cracks on the edge surface of thin glass edge sheet have been identified as a key factor of catastrophic glass breakage. Hence, their removal will strengthen the thin glass substantially. This paper studies the glass edge finishing using magnetorheological finishing (MRF). The thin glass sheet edge is finished by shear force exerted by magnetorheological fluid, which is magnetically held by a specially designed magnetic wheel tool. All micro-cracks can be removed from the edge surface and the surface roughness improves from Ra 0.5 μm to Ra 0.03 μm.