Pyrene-based monomer-excimer dual response organosilicon polymer for selective detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP)

The formation or destruction of pyrene excimer with strong emission change make it a versatile fluorophore to construct excimer emission-based fluorescence probes for various analytes detection. The distinct difference between...

Research on the Style Characteristics of Network Hosts

There is a distinct difference between the network host style and the traditional host style. Wang Nima, as the "most positive host of three views of speech", is very successful in thinking from the perspective of social psychology. Wang Nima has become one of the symbols of the violent image subculture group through the styles of hiding identity, symbolized cartoon image, symbolized audio language and paralanguage expression, phonetic vocabulary grammar deviation and so on. The use of Wang Nima's image can better stimulate the audience to communicate and deliver the program. At the same time, the youth subculture audience speaks and spits with "opinion leaders" such as Wang Nima, and "opinion leaders" such as Wang Nima become spokespersons with obvious group characteristics. However, its disadvantage is that it can influence the public opinion trend of news on the Internet, and further interfere with the consciousness of individual thinking in the group.

Should we criminalize a deliberate failure to obtain properly informed consent?

This paper takes the form of a polemic and thought experiment. The starting point is that, if medical law’s claims to place autonomy at the heart of the enterprise are to be taken seriously, then autonomy either needs to be considered a recoverable harm, or the most egregious infringements should be subject to the criminal law. This might particularly be the case where a doctor deliberately attempts to modify the patient’s decision by failing to disclose information that they know that the patient would find significant. The article considers medical law’s relationship with autonomy, before applying the criminal law – in the form of the analogous situation of defendants who deliberately fail to disclose HIV+ status to their sexual partners. What we find is a distinct difference in the way that autonomy is seen by medical and criminal law, although both are equally unsatisfactory.

A Distinct Difference Between Air and Mucosal Temperatures in Human Respiratory Tract

Extensive evidence indicates that several types of temperature-sensitive ion channels are abundantly expressed in the sensory nerves innervating airway mucosa. Indeed, airway temperature is known to play an important role in regulating respiratory functions. However, the actual airway mucosal temperature and its dynamic changes during the respiratory cycle have not been directly measured. In previous studies, airway tissue temperature was often estimated by indirect measurement of the peak exhaled breath temperature (PEBT). In view of the poor thermal conductivity of air, we believe that the airway tissue temperature cannot be accurately determined by the exhaled air temperature, and this study aimed to test this hypothesis. We applied a miniature rapid-response temperature probe to measure directly the mucosal temperatures of trachea, major, lobar, and segmental bronchi in eight human subjects during a bronchoscopy procedure. Unlike the air temperature in the airway lumen, the mucosal temperature in these airway segments remained relatively stable and did not exhibit the phasic changes synchronous with respiratory cycles. The airway mucosal temperature increased progressively from the extra-thoracic trachea (35.7 ± 0.2°C) toward the segmental bronchus (36.9 ± 0.2°C). Most importantly, the temperatures measured directly at the mucosa of all these airway segments were substantially higher than the PEBT (31.7 ± 0.8°C). The recent findings of a close association between an increased PEBT and airway tissue inflammation have revealed the implication and potential of incorporating the PEBT measurement in the future clinical diagnosis of airway inflammation. Therefore, it is imperative to recognize this distinct difference in temperature between airway mucosa and exhaled air.

ACE2 glycans preferentially interact with the RBD of SARS-CoV-2 over SARS-CoV

We report a distinct difference in the interactions of the glycans of the host-cell receptor, ACE2, with SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV S-protein receptor-binding domains (RBDs). Our analysis demonstrates that the ACE2 glycan at N90 may offer protection against infections of both coronaviruses, while the ACE2 glycan at N322 enhances interactions with the SARS-CoV-2 RBD. The interactions of the ACE2 glycan at N322 with SARS-CoV RBD are blocked by the presence of the RBD glycan at N357 of the SARS-CoV RBD. The absence of this glycosylation site on SARS-CoV-2 RBD may enhance its binding with ACE2.

Expanding African Queer Visual Activism Within and Beyond the Continent

This article examines the origin of the term “visual activism” in the context of post-independence South Africa, and further reflects on its development in response to anti-gay legislation in contemporary Nigeria and Uganda. The emergence of an explicitly queer strain of visual activism on the continent was sanctioned by South Africa’s pro-gay Constitution and propagated by the works of photographer Zanele Muholi. Whereas South Africa’s sociopolitical context has permitted the expression of queer visual activism through forms of photography and documentary media in Nigeria and Uganda, this expression has been routinely monitored and suppressed by such policies as the Same-Sex Marriage (Prohibition) Bill (SSMPA) and the Anti-Homosexuality Bill, respectively. This study specifically references the works of South African Muholi in conversation with those of Nigerian-American Adejoke Tugbiyele and Ugandan native Leilah Babirye as a means to articulate how these punitive national policies have forced contemporary queer visual activists to adopt expressive rather than representational forms of visual protest. This paper identifies a distinct difference in epistemological origin, aesthetic composition, and formal materiality across the practices of Muholi, Tugbiyele, and Babirye in order to explore the multiplicity of the genre as well as broaden conventional conceptions of African queer visual activism.

Study on the Method of Identifying Ultrafine Bubbles Using Ultrasound under the Presence of Solid Nanoparticles

The method of making OH radicals generated by the collapse of ultrafine bubbles as an indicator when applying ultrasound was examined as the method of identifying ultrafine bubbles less than 1 μm in diameter under the presence of mixed solid nanoparticles. First, potassium iodide (KI) method was used to evaluate OH radicals. Since difference in absorbance due to OH radicals generated by the collapse of ultrafine bubbles is very small when using air as contained gas, evaluation using the KI method was difficult; however, a distinct difference in absorbance was confirmed by increasing the amount of OH radicals generated by using ozone as contained gas. Moreover, the higher the ultrasound frequency, the greater the difference in absorbance. On the other hand, a luminescence phenomenon related to the collapse of ultrafine bubbles by ultrasound was confirmed with sonoluminescence observation, confirming further that the luminescence intensity of water added with solid particles of the same diameter and number density as those of ultrafine bubbles is smaller than that of ultrafine bubble water.