Time to abandon ampicillin plus gentamicin in favour of ampicillin plus ceftriaxone in Enterococcus faecalis infective endocarditis? A meta-analysis of comparative trials

Background Current guidelines recommend either ampicillin plus ceftriaxone (AC) or amoxicillin/ampicillin plus gentamicin (AG) with an equivalent class IB recommendation in Enterococcus faecalis endocarditis. However, previous observational studies suggest that AC might be favourable in terms of adverse events. Objectives To investigate whether AC is non-inferior to AG, and if it is associated with less adverse events. Methods In June 2021, a systematic literature search using the databases PubMed/MEDLINE, CDSR, CENTRAL, CCAs, EBM Reviews, Web of Science and LILACS was conducted by two independent reviewers. Studies were considered eligible if (P) patients included were ≥ 18 years of age and had IE with E. faecalis, (I) treatment with AC was compared to (C) treatment with AG and (O) outcomes on in-hospital mortality, nephrotoxicity and adverse events requiring drug withdrawal were reported. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random-effects models with the Mantel–Haenszel method, the Sidik–Jonkman estimator for τ2 and the Hartung–Knapp adjustment. Results Treatment with AC was non-inferior to AG, as depicted by no significant differences in-hospital mortality, 3-month mortality, relapses or treatment failure. Furthermore, AC was associated with a lower prevalence of nephrotoxicity (OR 0.45 [0.26–0.77], p = 0.0182) and drug withdrawal due to adverse events (OR 0.11 [0.03–0.46], p = 0.0160) than AG. Conclusions Treatment with AC was non-inferior to treatment with AG, and it was associated with a reduced prevalence of nephrotoxicity and drug withdrawal due to adverse events. Thus, combination therapy with AC appears favourable over AG in patients with E. faecalis IE. Graphical abstract

On diagonal representatives in boundary condition matrices on orbifolds

We study diagonal representatives of boundary condition matrices on the orbifolds [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text]. We give an alternative proof of the existence of diagonal representatives in each equivalent class of boundary condition matrices on [Formula: see text], using a matrix exponential representation, and show that they do not necessarily exist on [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text]. Each equivalence class on [Formula: see text] has a diagonal representative, because its boundary conditions are determined by a single unitary matrix.

Anti-Symplectic Involutions on Symplectic Manifolds S^2× S^2

Let X be the symplectic manifold S^2× S^2. In this paper, we discuss anti-symplectic involutions on X. We construct one equivalent class of anti-symplectic involutions on X from the equivalent class of anti-symplectic involutions on S^2.

PENGARUH STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN E-LEARNING DAN MINAT BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR AKUNTANSI

The aim of this research is to know the influence of e-learning learning strategy and interest in learning to accounting learning result. This research was conducted at SMK Permata Bangsa Kelurahan Jakasetia, South Bekasi Subdistrict, Bekasi City involving 56 samples taken with random sampling technique to the equivalent class. Instrument used in this research is the accounting test and questionnaire interest in student learning; and the data analysis using two-way ANAVA and Tukey Test. The results of this study obtained: (1) there is a significant difference between the learning outcomes of students who are taught with e-learning learning strategies and expository strategies in which the results of student accounting learning taught by e-learning strategy is higher than the students taught by strategy expository learning. (2) There is an interaction between students who are taught using learning strategies with interest in learning on accounting learning outcomes. (3) This means that the result of group accounting learning which is taught using e-learning learning strategy is significantly higher than that taught using expository learning strategy in students who have high learning interest. (4) While the learning result of student group accounting that is taught using e-learning strategy is same as learning result which is taught using expository learning strategy to students who have low learning interest, influenced by student environment factor and learning design factor in research.

New presentations of a link and virtual link

An embedding presentation of a diagram is introduced, which has proved to be a unique presentation of a diagram. Let [Formula: see text] be a set of all diagrams, called also links in this paper. An algebraic system [Formula: see text] is constructed. In fact, a link in [Formula: see text] (or [Formula: see text]) is the equivalent class [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] is one of its embedding presentations. Based on [Formula: see text], Reduction Crossing Algorithm is proposed which is used to reduce the number of crossings in an embedding presentation by introducing a main tool called a pass replacement. For an infinite set of unknots [Formula: see text], each [Formula: see text] in [Formula: see text] can be transformed into the trivial unknot in at most [Formula: see text] by applying the algorithm where [Formula: see text] is a constant, [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. As special consequences, three unknots are unknotted, which are Goeritz’s unknot, Thistlethwaite’s unknot and Haken’s unknot (image courtesy of Cameron Gordon). Moreover, an infinite family of unknots [Formula: see text] are unknotted in [Formula: see text] time. In addition, unique presentations of a virtual link, an oriented link and oriented virtual link are introduced, respectively.