Parklands of “Dynamo” park, “Naval Fleet Officers’ House” in the city of Khabarovsk and their ecological state

On the example of the park zones of the city of Khabarovsk (“Dynamo” and “House of officers of the fleet”), a variety of transformation of the soil cover and the formation of new preferred formations were revealed. The specificity of the state of the soil environment of two parks, located in e same type of engineering-geological conditions, but different variants of anthropogenic impact, is revealed. The changes in the structure of the profiles depending on the position of the soil in the elementary landscape are considered and their biological activity is characterized. The use of bioindication methods indicates that the most comfortable park areas of the city are also susceptible to contamination with heavy metals. It is proposed to use the characteristics of the basic parameters of the soil cover as a promising approach in improving the environment. This will reveal the ecological situation of the territory and make appropriate decisions to improve its condition.

Plants, Mosses, Charophytes, Protozoan, and Bacteria Water Quality Indicators for Assessment of Organic Pollution and Trophic Status of Continental Water Bodies

This paper presents data compilation for indicator species of organic pollution and trophic state of continental waters. Information was collected from research papers, monographs, electronic resources, and our research. Altogether 316 species of higher plants, plants, mosses, charophytes, protozoan, and bacteria from 11 taxonomical phyla are represented with ecological preferences for saprobity indicators with saprobity index (S) and indicators of trophic state. This comprehensive data can be used for the purpose of aquatic ecosystem assessment and monitoring of water quality based on bioindication methods.

Bioindication assessment of the waters of the Chernaya River

The purpose of the current study was to identify the species indicators of the communities of the ChernayaRiver and to assess the water quality by bioindication methods. During the summer field trips in 2019–2020 on the territoryof the Zhongar–Alatau Natural State Reserve within the framework of the special purpose funding program № BR05236546“Implementation by the state botanical gardens of the priority scientific and practical tasks of the global strategy for plantconservation as a sustainable system for maintaining biodiversity” (head, Dr. G. T. Sitpayeva). In the course of the study,algae were sampled from the Chernaya River, and their species composition was studied A total of 94 species and varietiesof algae from four divisions were found. Analysis of indicator types by water properties: temperature, oxygen saturation,organic pollution, salinity, trophic state of water and the type of nutrition of algae species has been revealed. This was thefirst experience of implementing a bioindication approach to the environmental assessment of the water quality of thisriver. The most significant types of diatoms strongly predominated in different studied places of the river. It was revealedthat the algae species can characterize the composition of the river as slightly alkaline, slightly saline, moderate, medium –acidified water with low organic pollution. Algae communities are mainly represented by benthic and planktonic – benthicautotrophic species. Statistical analysis of species – mediated relationships has shown that most species prefer to survive incommunities with complex structures formed in poorly polluted organic waters.

Assessment of recreational potential of Sevastopol bays using bioindication methods

Aim. Study of a group of biochemical parameters of the hepatopancreas and gills of the Black Sea mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lam. and the functional indicator of cardiac system adaptivity of mussels from Sevastopol bays with different levels of recreational and anthropogenic impact.Methods. Mussels were collected from four Sevastopol water areas (Kruglaya Bay, Kazachya Bay, Matyushenko Bay and Cape Khrustalnii) in autumn 2018. The bioindication methods used were based on application of functional (cardiac system adaptability) and biochemical indicators (antioxidant enzymes activity [AEA], aminotransferases, the alkaline phosphatase [AP], and products of the lipid peroxidation [LPO] and protein oxidation [PO]) of mussel tissues. The hydrochemical parameters of the investigated areas were determined.Results. The anthropogenic impact on a complex of biochemical indicators of mussels at the sampling sites was shown. At the same time, low values of mussel heart rate (HR) recovery time (Trec) (less than 60 min.) in all sampling sites demonstrated the efficiency of biochemical changes in mussels and the possible use of all tested bays as recreational areas.Conclusion. Results of the present research allow the characterization of the ecological status of these Sevastopol sea water areas and to make recommendations about their rational use. Matyushenko and Kazachya Bays are most suitable for beach recreation and recreational fishery. Kazachya Bay also has favourable conditions for the development of water sports. Kruglaya Bay and Cape Khrustalnii are less ecologically safe and require a series of actions to improve water quality.

Assessment of the ecological condition of the Western Bug river basin according to the macrophyte index for rivers (MIR)

Introduction. To restore and preserve the optimal ecological status of the Western Bug river basin, it is necessary to adhere to the strategic principles of environmental management, and since the river is transboundary and tributary basins are located in Ukraine and Poland, it is important to determine the ecological status of small rivers. In the territory of the Volyn region, the rivers-tributaries Luha and Studyanka are most affected by anthropogenic impact. An ecological assessment of water quality based on the condition of macrophytes is given, as macrophytes llow to determine the degree of surface water degradation, first of all, in terms of their trophic status. The purpose of article. The purpose of article aims to assess the ecological status of the rivers of the Western Bug river basin using bioindication methods and determination of the Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MIR). Methods. Research methods are expeditionary, methods of mathematical statistics end bioindication methods and determination of the Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MIR). Results. To determine the ecological status of the rivers of the Western Bug basin and to conduct research, three test sites with a length of at least 100 m were laid on two tributaries of the first order - the rivers Luha and Studyanka. To determine the MIR (Macrophyte Index for Rivers) in the test riverbed areas, 42 indicator species of macrophytes were selected, of which 1 species belongs to the division Polipodiophyta and Equisetophyta, 40 species to the division Magnoliophyta, of which 15 belong to the class Magnoliopsida, and 25 belong to the class Liliopsida. According to the classification of the MIR indicator, to determine the ecological status, the rivers Luha and Studyanka belong to lowland watercourses, with the type of macrophytes - M-VIII (organic rivers). As a result of the calculated Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MIR), it was established (Table 4) that the water quality in the Luha river in test site 1 (Zavydiv village) has a good ecological status, MIR is 39,0; and test site 2 (Volodymyr-Volynskyi city) has a satisfactory or moderate ecological status, MIR is 31,56; in the river Studyanka, the test site 3 (Ustyluh town) has a satisfactory or moderate ecological condition, MIR is 28,31. Conclusions. According to the ecological status of rivers determined by the Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MIR), it is established that the waters of the Luha and Studyanka rivers have a satisfactory or moderate ecological condition. This suggests that the research conducted on test sites and calculations of the Macrophyte Index for Rivers (MIR) are identical and fully reflect the ecological status of the rivers Luha and Studyanka determined by hydrochemical parameters, which allows the use of this research algorithm for other rivers in the Western Bug river basin and is promising during research on other rivers of Ukraine.

Comparative Assessment of Chlorophyll and Carotenoids Content in the Leaves of Medicinal Dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) and Silver Birch (Betula Pendula Roth) in Tambov (2010 - 2021)

To assess the changes in the environment in Tambov, using bioindication methods, the pigments of the photosynthetic apparatus of the leaves of the medicinal dandelion (Taraxacum Officinale) and silver birch (Betula Pendula Roth) were studied. It is shown that the anthropogenic load on the environment in the city of Tambov has increased over the past decade.